Amaryllis belladonna

Amaryllis belladonna
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily:	Amaryllidoideae
Genus:	Amaryllis
Species:	A. belladonna
Binomial name
	Amaryllis belladonna; L.
Synonyms[1]
	Species synonymy Amaryllis blanda Ker Gawl. ; Amaryllis longipetala Lem. ; Amaryllis obliqua L.f. ex Savage ; Amaryllis pallida Delile ; Amaryllis pudica Ker Gawl. ; Amaryllis regalis Salisb. ; Amaryllis rosea Lam. ; Belladonna blanda (Ker Gawl.) Sweet ; Belladonna pallida (Delile) Sweet ; Belladonna pudica (Ker Gawl.) Sweet ; Belladonna purpurascens Sweet ; Brunsvigia blanda (Ker Gawl.) L.S.Hannibal ; Brunsvigia major Traub ; Brunsvigia rosea (Lam.) L.S.Hannibal ; Brunsvigia rosea var. blanda (Ker Gawl.) Traub ; Brunsvigia rosea var. elata L.S.Hannibal ; Brunsvigia rosea var. longipetala (Lem.) Traub ; Brunsvigia rosea var. major L.S.Hannibal ; Brunsvigia rosea var. minor L.S.Hannibal ; Brunsvigia rosea var. pallida (Delile) L.S.Hannibal ; Brunsvigia rosea var. pudica (Ker Gawl.) L.S.Hannibal ; Callicore rosea (Lam.) Link ; Coburgia belladonna (L.) Herb. ; Coburgia blanda (Ker Gawl.) Herb. ; Coburgia pallida (Delile) Herb. ; Coburgia pudica (Ker Gawl.) Herb. ; Coburgia rosea (Lam.) Gouws ; Imhofia rosea (Lam.) Salisb. ; Leopoldia belladonna (L.) M.Roem. ; Zephyranthes pudica (Ker Gawl.) D.Dietr. ;

Amaryllis belladonna,[2] the Jersey lily,[3] belladonna-lily, naked-lady-lily,[4] or March lily,[5] is a plant species native to Cape Province in South Africa but widely cultivated as an ornamental. It is reportedly naturalized in many places: Corsica, Portugal, the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, the Scilly Isles of Great Britain, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ascension Island, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Chile, California, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and the Juan Fernández Islands.[6][7]

Description

Perennial bulbous geophyte with one to two erect solid stems which appear in late summer. The inflorescence bears 2–12 showy fragrant funnel-shaped flowers on a 'naked' (leafless) stem, which gives it the common name of naked-lady-lily. The pink flowers which may be up to 10 cm in length, appear in the autumn before the leaves (hysteranthy) which are narrow and strap shaped.[4][5]

Taxonomy and etymology

Amaryllis belladonna is one of the two species in the genus Amaryllis as currently circumscribed.[8]

The specific epithet belladonna is derived from the Italian bella donna, which means beautiful lady.[9] There are many common names around the world, for instance in the Azores, Portugal one name is meninas para a escola (girls go to school) referring to the flowers blooming when the girls in their pink uniforms are starting the new school year.[5]

Habitat

A. belladonna in California

In South Africa the plants are found growing among rocks.[5]

Cultivation

The bulbs are best planted just below the surface of the soil, with the neck of the bulb level with the surface. In colder climates mulching or lifting and overwintering is required. The bulbs may be propagated from offsets. Amaryllis bulbs require little watering and are drought tolerant.[5] This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[4]

References

Amaryllis belladonna, The Plant List
Linnaeus, Carl (1753). Species Plantarum. 1. p. 293 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
"BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 25 January 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
RHS 2015.
Phipps 2011.
"Amaryllis belladonna". Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
"Amaryllis Belladona distribution map". Biota of North America Project.
"Search for Amaryllis". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.

Bibliography

RHS (2015). "Amaryllis belladonna: belladonna lily". Retrieved 1 April 2015.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). "Amaryllis belladonna". African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
Carter, Kathie. "Amaryllis. Amaryllis belladonna (Brunsvigia rosea) and Hippeastrum hybrids" (PDF). Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture. Cooperative Extension/Botany Plant Sciences Dept. University California Riverside. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
Phipps, Nikki (9 February 2011). "Amaryllis Belladonna Planting – How To Grow Amaryllis Bulbs". Planting Flower Bulbs. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2015.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Adams, T. (2001). "Amaryllis belladonna L." PlantZAfrica.com. South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 2 April 2015.

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[1] Amaryllis belladonna, The Plant List

[2] Linnaeus, Carl (1753). Species Plantarum. 1. p. 293 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

[BSBI07-3] "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 25 January 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.

[FOOTNOTERHS2015-4] RHS 2015.

[FOOTNOTEPhipps2011-5] Phipps 2011.

[6] "Amaryllis belladonna". Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.

[7] "Amaryllis Belladona distribution map". Biota of North America Project.

[WCSP_Amaryllis-8] "Search for Amaryllis". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 February 2015.

[9] Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.