Anthyllis vulneraria

Anthyllis vulneraria,[4] the common kidneyvetch, kidney vetch[5] or woundwort[6] is a medicinal plant[7] native to Europe. The name vulneraria means "wound healer".[8]

Anthyllis vulneraria
1885 illustration[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Fabales
Family:
Fabaceae
Genus:
Anthyllis
Species:
A. vulneraria
Binomial name
Anthyllis vulneraria
Synonyms[2]
  • Anthyllis abyssinica (Sagorski) W.Becker
  • Anthyllis affinis A.Kern.
  • Anthyllis affinis sensu auct. fl. URSS
  • Anthyllis albana Wettst.
  • Anthyllis albana var. macedonica Degen & Dörfl.
  • Anthyllis alpestris Hegetschweiler-Bodmer
  • Anthyllis alpestris Rchb.
  • Anthyllis alpestris (Schult.) Kit.
  • Anthyllis alpicola Brugger
  • Anthyllis arenaria (Rupr.) Juz.
  • Anthyllis argyrophylla Rothm.
  • Anthyllis arundana Boiss. & Reut.
  • Anthyllis asturiae W.Becker
  • Anthyllis balearica Coss. ex Mares & Vigin.
  • Anthyllis biebersteiniana Popl.
  • Anthyllis boissieri (Sagorski) Grossh.
  • Anthyllis bonjeanii Beck
  • Anthyllis carpatica Pantol.
  • Anthyllis coccinea subsp. pyrenaica Beck
  • Anthyllis colorata Juz.
  • Anthyllis daghestanica Chinth.
  • Anthyllis dillenii Don
  • Anthyllis dillenii Schult. ex Steud.
  • Anthyllis dillenii sensu auct.
  • Anthyllis dillenii var. praepropera A. Kern.
  • Anthyllis font-queri Rothm.
  • Anthyllis forondae Sennen
  • Anthyllis gandogeri (Sagorski) W. Becker
  • Anthyllis hispida Boiss. & Reut.
  • Anthyllis hispidissima (Sagorski) W. Becker
  • Anthyllis illyrica Beck
  • Anthyllis insularum Rothm.
  • Anthyllis kuzenevae Juz.
  • Anthyllis lachnophora Juz.
  • Anthyllis linnaei (Sagorski) Juz.
  • Anthyllis lusitanica Cullen & P. Silva
  • Anthyllis macrocephala Wender.
  • Anthyllis macrocephala var. schiwereckii (DC.) Soo
  • Anthyllis maritima Hagen
  • Anthyllis maritima Scweig.
  • Anthyllis maura Beck
  • Anthyllis maura var. ajmasiana Pau
  • Anthyllis nivalis (Willk.) Beck
  • Anthyllis pachyphylla Rothm.
  • Anthyllis polyphylla (DC.) Don
  • Anthyllis polyphylla (DC.) Kit. ex G. Don
  • Anthyllis polyphylla Kit. ex DC.
  • Anthyllis praepropera (A.Kern.) Beck
  • Anthyllis pseudovulneraria Sagorski
  • Anthyllis pulchella (Vis.) Vis.
  • Anthyllis rosea Willk.
  • Anthyllis rubicunda Wender.
  • Anthyllis rubicunda Wender. ex Steud.
  • Anthyllis saharae Sagorski
  • Anthyllis saharae (Sagorski) W. Becker
  • Anthyllis sampaiana Rothm.
  • Anthyllis sampaioana Rothm.
  • Anthyllis scardica Wettst.
  • Anthyllis schiwereckii (DC.) Blocki
  • Anthyllis schiwerescii (DC.) Blocki
  • Anthyllis serpentinicola Rech.f. & Goulimy
  • Anthyllis spruneri (Boiss.) Beck
  • Anthyllis spruneri Heldr. ex Nyman
  • Anthyllis spruneri subsp. iberica W. Becker
  • Anthyllis spruneri var. bulgarica Sagorski
  • Anthyllis taurica Juz.
  • Anthyllis tricolor Vuk.
  • Anthyllis valesiaca Beck
  • Anthyllis vulgaris A.Kern.
  • Anthyllis vulgaris (W. D. J. Koch) A. Kern.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. corbierei (C.E.Salmon & Travis) Cullen
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. dillenii sensu auct.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. fennica (Jalas) Z.V.Kloczkova
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. hispida (Boiss. & Reut.) Cout.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. linnaei Sagorski
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. macedonica (Degen & Dörfl.) Micevski & Matevski
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. praepropera (A.Kern.) Bornm.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. spruneri (Boiss.) Bornm.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. vulgaris (Koch) Corb.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. biebersteiniana Taliev
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. calcicola Schur
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. colorata (Juz.) Lampinen
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. insularum (Rothm.) O. Bolòs & Vigo
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. lapponica Hyl.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. polyphylla (DC.) Nyman
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. rifana Emb. & Maire
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. schiwereckii DC.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. spruneri Boiss.
  • Anthyllis vulneraria var. vitellina Velen.
  • Anthyllis vulnerarioides (All.) Bonjean ex Rchb.
  • Anthyllis webbiana sensu auct.
  • Anthyllis webbiana var. nivalis Willk.
  • Anthyllis weldeniana Rchb.
  • Astragalus vulnerarioides Allioni[3]

Subspecies

This species includes numerous subspecies (which some authors elevate to the role of separate species). A very incomplete list is as follows:

  • A. vulneraria subsp. abyssinica (Sagorski) Cullen
  • A. vulneraria subsp. alpestris (Kit.) Asch. et Gr.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. baldensis (Kerner) Becker
  • A. vulneraria subsp. busambarensis (Lojac.) Pign.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. carpatica (Pant.) Nyman
  • A. vulneraria subsp. forondae (Sennen) Cullen
  • A. vulneraria subsp. iberica (W.Becker) Jalas
  • A. vulneraria subsp. maura (Beck) Lindb.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. polyphylla (D.C.) Nyman
  • A. vulneraria subsp. polyphylla (D.C.) Nyman × affinis Brittinger ex Kerner
  • A. vulneraria subsp. praepropera (Kerner) Bornm.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. praepropera (Kerner) Bornm. × adriatica Beck
  • A. vulneraria subsp. pulchella (Vis.) Bornm.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. vulneraria L.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. vulnerarioides (All.) Arcang.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. vulnerarioides (All.) Arcang. × bonjeanii Beck
  • A. vulneraria subsp. weldeniana (Rchb.) Cullen
  • A. vulneraria subsp. weldeniana (Rchb.) Cullen × tricolor Vukot.
  • A. vulneraria subsp. weldeniana (Rchb.) Cullen × versicolor Sagorski
  • A. vulneraria subsp. valesiaca (Becker) Guyot

Description

Anthyllis vulneraria reaches 5–40 centimetres (2.0–15.7 in) of height. The stem is simple or more often branched. The leaves are imparipinnate, glabrous or with scattered hairs on the upper face and silky hairs on the underside. The flower heads are spherical in shape and 10–20 millimetres (0.39–0.79 in) long. The petals are yellow in most sub-species, but red in A. vulneraria var. coccinea. Flowering takes place between June and September. The fruit is a legume. The fruits ripening takes place from July to October.

Kidney vetch is the food plant of the small blue butterfly larvae and the leaf miner, Aproaerema anthyllidella.[9]

Distribution and habitat

This plant is sporadic throughout Europe, from Iceland to the Mediterranean, in Asia Minor up to Iran, in North Africa and in Ethiopia. It is naturalized in North America. It prefers the dry grasslands and rocky environments with calcareous soil, up to 3000 m of altitude.

References
  1. illustration from Otto Wilhelm Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885, Gera, Germany
  2. "The Plant List entry for Anthyllis". The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
  3. Conti F, Guglielmone L, Pennesi R, Bartolucci F (2016). "Typification of the name Astragalus vulnerarioides, basionym of Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. vulnerarioides (Fabaceae), and notes on its distribution". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 298. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.12.
  4. Anthyllis vulneraria at USDA PLANTS Database
  5. "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  6. "Anthyllis vulneraria". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
  7. Anthyllis vulneraria at Plants For A Future
  8. Wolfgang Hensel, 350 Plantes médicinales (french edition: Delachaux et Niestlé SA, Paris, 2008, ISBN 978-2-603-01531-5; German edition 2007 Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co, Stuttgart, Wolfgang Hensel, Welche Heilpflanze ist das?)
  9. Kimber, Ian. "843 Aproaerema anthyllidella". UKMoths. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
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