Arabian tribes that interacted with Muhammad
There were several Arabian tribes that interacted with Muhammad.
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Introduction
The most prominent of such Arabian tribes were Quraish which were in turn divided into several sub-clans. The Qur'aish sub-clan of Banu Hashim was the clan of Muhammad, while their sister sub-clan, the Banu Abd-Shams became known as his most staunch enemies. After Muhammad, the Muslim nation was ruled exclusively through the Quraish tribe, all the way until the Ottoman Turks came into power.
Other tribes include various ones that were centered on different cities, for example the Banu Thaqif and the Banu Utub.
Notable are the Jewish tribes that had settled in Medina, they would play a prominent part in Muhammad's life, this included the Banu Qurayza, Banu Nadir and the Banu Qainuqa, they participated in the Battle of Bu'ath, although they had a truce and an agreement with Muslims not to join the opposing armies, but they broke them.
List
The list includes:
- Quraish — prominent in the city of Mecca
- Banu Kinanah — the brothers of Quraish, and they are prominent in and mostly around Mecca
- Banu al-Akhdari (Branch of quraish), They were very influential in Algeria and Yemen
- Banu Bakr ibn Abd Manat — the city of Yalamlam and around Yathrib and they are a branch of Banu Kinanah
- Banu Jadhimah — the city of Yalamlam and they are a branch of Banu Kinanah
- Banu Hothail — The Brothers of Khuzaimah, and their neighbors in Mecca [1]
- Banu Thaqif — the city of Ta'if, Urwah ibn Mas'ud
- Banu Bariq — the city of Bareq
- Banu Utub — the city of Najd
- Banu Ghatafan — east of Yathrib and Khaibar
- Banu Hilal -Hejaz and Najd
- Banu Tamim — Dominant force in Central Arabia
- Banu Sa'ad
- Banu Amr — Umar and his companions stayed with them during the hijrah from Mecca
- Zahran — south of Mecca Abu Hurairah
- Banu Abs — Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman
- Banu Jumah
- Banu Kalb
- Bani Khalid
- Banu Khuza'a — between Mecca and Badr
- Banu Bakr
- Banu Lakhm
Jewish tribes:
- Banu Alfageer
- Banu Alkahinan — they traced their descent from Aaron[4]
- Banu Awf
- Banu Aws[5][2] fled Syria under Ghassanid rule, then fled Yathrib (presently known as Medina), and after expulsion by Muhammed, back to Syria
- Banu Harith or Bnei Chorath were rulers of Najran.[5][2]
- Banu Nadir — sub-clan of the al-Kāhinān, located in Yathrib(Medina)
- Banu Najjar[5][2]
- Banu Qainuqa — most powerful of all the Jewish tribes of the peninsula before Islam [6][5][2]
- Banu Quda'a — Himyarite tribe of converts to Sadducee Judaism[7]
- Banu Qurayza — sub-clan of the al-Kāhinān, located in Yathrib(Medina), "principal family" fled Syria under Ghassanid rule, then fled Medina, after expulsion by Prophet Muhammed, back to Syria
- Banu Sa'ida[5][2]
- Banu Shutayba[5][2]
See also
References
- Banu Hothail
- Dr. Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri, Constitutional Analysis of the Constitution of Madina Archived 2008-08-27 at the Wayback Machine (excerpt)
- The Message Archived May 24, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- jewishencyclopedia.com
- Norman A. Stillman, The Jews of Arab lands: a history and source book, p. 117
- jewishencyclopedia.com
- Joseph Adler (May/June 2000), The Jewish Kingdom of Himyar (Yemen): Its Rise and Fall, Midstream, Volume XXXXVI No. 4