Aulocera padma

Aulocera padma, the great satyr, is a brown (Satyrinae) butterfly that ranges across the Himalayas to Assam, northern Burma and western China.[1][2]

Great satyr
Aulocera padma in Seitz (41f)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Aulocera
Species:
A. padma
Binomial name
Aulocera padma
Kollar, 1844

Range

The butterfly is found in the Himalayas from Shingarh, (Zhob, Safed Koh, Kurram, Gilgit, Chitral, India (Kumaon, Bhutan, Sikkim and Chumbi Valleys) eastwards across to Abor valley, north Myanmar, west China and southeast Tibet .[1][3]

Status

In 1932, William Harry Evans reported that the species was not rare from Chitral to Sikkim, rare in the eastern extremity of its range and rare and very rare westwards.[3] Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth said that it was very abundant in the Himalayas and Assam.[4]

Description
For a key to the terms used, see Glossary of entomology terms.

The great satyr is 70 to 98 mm in wingspan.[3] Dark brown above. With a white band across both wings. The upper hindwing is of even width throughout. It has a chequered fringe and a dark apical spot or ocellus on the forewing. The under hindwing is dark.[4]

Habits

The great satyr has a powerful graceful flight and is easily recognised on the wing. It is found in all kinds of terrain above 4,000 feet (1,200 m) and prefers open areas especially on ridges and hilltops above 7,500 feet (2,300 m):[4]

It is fond of settling, especially on roads and stones, and as it is not at all wary is very easy to catch. The male is a very quarrelsome insect and will often take up a position on some rock and chase after any butterfly that comes near.

— Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth, Butterflies of the Indian Region (1957)

Reproduction

The great satyr has two broods (unlike the others of its genus). The first brood appears from the end of April to the onset of the rainy season and is very common. The scarce second brood flies after the monsoon.[4] The larva feeds on Gramineae.

See also

References
  1. "Aulocera Butler, 1867" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  2. LepIndex shows this taxon as Satyrus swaha.[Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Satyrus padma". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. ] LepIndex considers the genus Aulocera Butler, 1867; Ent. mon. Mag. 4: 121, TS: Satyrus brahminus Blanchard to be a junior subjective synonym of Satyrus Latreille 1810 Cons. gén. Anim. Crust. Arach. Ins.: 355, 440, TS: Papilio actaea Linnaeus.[Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Satyrus". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. ]
  3. Evans, W.H. (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd ed.). Mumbai, India: Bombay Natural History Society. p. 116, ser no D11.2.
  4. Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander (1957). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay, India: Bombay Natural History Society. pp. 108–109. ISBN 978-8170192329..
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