Baloch people in Sindh

The Baloch of Sindh, also known as the Sindhi Balochs (Sindhi: سنڌي ٻروچ‎, Urdu: سندھی بلوچ‎), is a community of Sindhi-speaking Baloch tribes living in the Northern part of Sindh province.[2]

Baloch of Sindh
Sindhi Baluch
Total population
c. 16-19 Million (40% of total population of Sindh has Baloch ancestry)[1]
Regions with significant populations
Languages
Religion
Related ethnic groups
• Baloch •Baloch diaspora •Baloch of Punjab

According to census records of 2017, the total population of Sindh is 47.89 million. Around 40% of the Sindh population has ethnically Baloch ancestry.[3] Baloch tribes own large agricultural land and related businesses in Sindh. Majority Baloch tribe are landlord in Sindh.[3]

Talpur dynasty

The Talpur dynasty (Sindhi: تالپردور, Balochi: تالپرء اوبادگ) is a Sindhi speaking Baloch tribe seattled in sindh, Punjab and Balochistan. The Talpurs were ethnically Baloch and Shia Islam [4] by faith. They ruled from 1783, until 1843, when they were in turn defeated by the British at the Battle of Miani and Battle of Dubbo. The northern Khairpur branch of the Talpur dynasty however, continued to maintain a degree of sovereignty during British rule as the princely state of Khairpur,[5] whose ruler elected to join the new Dominion of Pakistan in October 1947 as an autonomous region in Pakistan.

History

It is believed that the Balochs migrated from Balochistan during the Little Ice Age.[6] The Little Ice Age is conventionally defined as a period extending from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries,[7][8][9] or alternatively, from about 1300[10] to about 1850.[11][12][13] Although climatologists and historians working with local records no longer expect to agree on either the start or end dates of this period, which varied according to local conditions.

According to Dr Akhtar Baloch of the University of Karachi, the climate of Balochistan was very cold and the region was uninhabitable during the winter so the Baloch people migrated in waves and settled in Sindh and Punjab.[14]

Language

Baloch of Sindh mostly migrated from Balochistan to Sindh from 16th to 19th century.[6] Most Baloch forgot their language, intermingle with other ethnicities and now speak Sindhi and Saraiki languages. Baloch of border districts of Balochistan speak Balochi.

Sindhi Balochs are divided into two categories. Baloch of upper districts of Sindh are Sulemani Baloch and lower districts like Karachi and other districts of Baloch are called Makrani Baloch. Sulemani Baloch speak Saraiki, Sindhi, and Balochi (Sulemani dialect). Makrani Baloch majority speak Balochi and also speak Sindhi as a second language.[15] A significant number of Baloch also speak Brahui. This language is spoken in central districts of Balochistan.

Notable people

See also

References
  1. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW104-Conflict-Dynamics-in-Sindh-Final.pdf
  2. Siddiqi, Farhan Hanif (2012). The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-68614-3.
  3. "Baloch and Sindhis share historic ties". May 26, 2017.
  4. Solomon, R. V.; Bond, J. W. (2006). Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-1965-4.
  5. "Historical Background of Talpur Mirs of Sindh". The Royal Talpurs and the Heritage of Sindh. Retrieved 2020-08-21.
  6. Mahim Maher (28 March 2014). "From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
  7. Mann, Michael (2003). "Little Ice Age". In Michael C MacCracken and John S Perry (ed.). Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Volume 1, The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (PDF). John Wiley & Sons. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
  8. Lamb, HH (1972). "The cold Little Ice Age climate of about 1550 to 1800". Climate: present, past and future. London: Methuen. p. 107. ISBN 0-416-11530-6. (noted in Grove 2004:4).
  9. "Earth observatory Glossary L-N". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Green Belt MD: NASA. Retrieved 17 July 2015. Cite journal requires |journal= (help).
  10. Miller et al. 2012. "Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks" Geophysical Research Letters 39, 31 January: abstract (formerly on AGU website) (accessed via wayback machine 11 July 2015); see press release on AGU website (accessed 11 July 2015).
  11. Grove, J.M., Little Ice Ages: Ancient and Modern, Routledge, London (2 volumes) 2004.
  12. Matthews, J.A. and Briffa, K.R., "The 'Little Ice Age': re-evaluation of an evolving concept", Geogr. Ann., 87, A (1), pp. 17–36 (2005). Retrieved 17 July 2015.
  13. "1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance - AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science". Ipcc.ch. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  14. "From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh". The Express Tribune. March 27, 2014.
  15. news, dawn (2019). "population before census". The Dawn News.
  16. "Dastar bandi: Zardari takes over as chief of his own tribe - The Express Tribune". 2014-12-30. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
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