Battle of Wandiwash

The Battle of Wandiwash was a battle in India between the French and the British in 1760. The battle was part of the Third Carnatic War fought between the French and British colonial empires, which itself was a part of the global Seven Years' War. Having made substantial gains in Bengal and Hyderabad, the British, after collecting a large amount of revenue, were fully equipped to face the French in Wandiwash, whom they defeated.

Battle of Wandiwash
Part of Seven Years' War

The Vandavasi fort.
Date22 January 1760
Location
Vandavasi, Tamil Nadu, India
12.5000°N 79.6200°E / 12.5000; 79.6200
Result British victory
Belligerents
British East India Company French East India Company
Commanders and leaders
Sir Eyre Coote Comte de Lally
Strength
1,900 European Infantry
2,100 sepoys
80 European Cavalry
250 Native cavalry
26 guns		 2,250 European Infantry
1,300 Sepoys
300 European Cavalry
3,000 Marathas
16 guns

Order of battle

According to the 19th century book Annals of the Wars of the Eighteenth Century by Author Eduard Cust, the French Army consisted of 300 European Cavalry, 2,250 European infantry, 1,300 sepoys (soldiers), 3,000 Mahrattas and 16 pieces of artillery while the English deployed about 80 European Horses, 250 Native horses, 1,900 European Infantry, 2,100 sepoys and 26 pieces of artillery.[1]

Battle
Map of Vandavasi, c. 1771

The French, commanded by the Comte de Lally, were burdened by a lack of naval support and funds, and therefore attempted to regain the fort of Vandavasi, now in Tamil Nadu. While attempting to do so, they were attacked by British forces commanded by Sir Eyre Coote, and in the ensuing battle, the French were decisively defeated. (Wandiwash is the Anglicised pronunciation of Vandavasi.[2])

Aftermath
Political situation in India at the end of the Seven Years' War

The Battle of Wandiwash resulted in the British capture of Chetpattu (Chetpet), Tirunomalai (Thiruvannaamalai), Tindivanam and Perumukkal.[3] As a consequence of the engagement, the French in South India, under the command of general Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau, were then restricted to Pondichéry, where they surrendered on 22 January 1760. The collapse of the French position in India was one of the events that compelled France to sign the Treaty of Paris, reducing the French to little more than traders in India, and effectively ending further French imperial ambitions in that country. Britain, on the other hand, established its supremacy in India over other European powers after this battle.

See also

References
  1. Eduard Cust (1862). Annals of the wars of the eighteenth century, compiled from the most authentic histories of the period , Volume 3.
  2. Heritage History – List of Battles Archived 11 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 30 September 2008
  3. John Henry Garstin, Lawrence Asylum Press (1878) (1878). Manual of the South Arcot district.
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