Bed sheet

A bed sheet is a rectangular piece of cloth used either singly or in a pair as bedding, being placed immediately below or above bed occupants. A top sheet, in the many countries where they are used, is a flat sheet, immediately under which bed occupants lie. A bottom sheet is laid above the mattress and bed occupants lie on it. A bottom sheet may be either a flat sheet, or a fitted sheet, which has been sewn to form a large pocket around the top, sides and bottom edge of a mattress, with elastic or a drawstring in the hem to stop it slipping off the bottom of the mattress. Blankets, quilts, duvets, comforters and other bed covers are laid over the top sheet. During the 1950s bigger mattresses were introduced and accordingly a wider variety of bed sheet sizes became available. This is also applicable for fitted sheets' depth as there are mattresses with height of 17cm going up to a meter.[1] Although, in present days bed sheets are mainly manufactured for the most common mattress sizes, measurements differ from country to country.

"Sheets" redirects here. For the surname, see Sheets (surname). For other uses, see Sheet (disambiguation).
A blue bed sheet

In terms of materials, nowadays bed sheets are primarily made of cotton (and cotton blends) as it is a breathable and soft material. There are also different types of cotton used such as Egyptian, Prima, Upland, Flannel, Combed cotton, Cotton jersey and Percale .[2] Furthermore, elaborate decorations, bright colors and attractive designs are also widely common recent developments.

History

The term bed sheet was first used in the 15th century.[3] In the Victorian era, the upper class became interested in putting sheets on their respective beds. With the arrival of the industrial revolution, sheets became cheaper and the middle class was able to acquire them, thus generating a greater demand for bedding.[4] Bed sheets were traditionally white and made of linen, cotton or silk, but now various colors and patterns are used.

Styles
Assortment of different colored bed sheets

Bed sheets come in two main varieties: flat and fitted. A flat sheet is simply a rectangular sheet of cloth, while a fitted sheet has its four corners, and sometimes two or four sides, fitted with elastic, to be used only as a bottom sheet. The fitted sheet may also be secured using a drawstring instead of elastic. The purpose of a fitted bottom sheet is to keep it from slipping off the mattress while the bed is in use. A particular way of folding and tucking while making the bed, known as "hospital corners," is sometimes used when the bottom sheet is flat rather than fitted.

Usually a flat bed sheet is overlocked around the edges to form four seams. One of the seams is wider than the other three and helps with orienting the sheet correctly on the mattress. The wider seam goes at the head end of the mattress. Sometimes the sides do not have seams, but are finished with the selvedge only. When placing a flat sheet on a bed, the manufacturer has designed the printed side to be softer, and thus it should be placed on the bed printed side "down". When folding back the covers, this also allows the printed side to show, for aesthetic purposes. When one makes a bed, the patterned or monogrammed side of the top sheet is placed facing down and then the top edge is folded towards the foot of the bed, exposing the design.

In the US and Canada, sheets are often sold in a four-piece set consisting of a fitted sheet, a flat sheet and two pillowcases. In China, a four-piece set consists of a duvet cover, two pillowcases and either a fitted or flat sheet. Fitted Sheets are gaining popularity due to ease of use. Use of good quality elastic make fitted sheets durable.

Materials
Weavers work on a hospital bed sheet on a traditional manual loom in Faisalabad, Pakistan, in 2010

Cotton and cotton blends dominate the market. The most common blend being cotton and polyester. Cotton provides absorbency and a soft hand, while polyester adds durability and wrinkle resistance.[5] Other common fibers used in the manufacturing of bed sheets include linen, silk, Modal and bamboo rayon, lyocell, and polypropylene. Polypropylene (olefin) is a hypoallergenic spun-bound material produced at a low cost and typically used in emergency shelters or hospitals as disposable sheeting.

Construction

The quality of bed sheets is often conveyed by the thread count—the number of threads per square inch of material. In general, the higher the thread count, the softer the sheet, but the weave and type of thread may affect the "hand" of the material so that a sheet with a lower thread count may actually be softer than one with a higher count. Yarn quality also plays a part in the look and feel of sheets, as finer yarns tend to create a finer sheet fabric. The ply also plays a role in how heavy the sheet feels. Ply represents how many fibers are twisted together as the sheet is being created. A 2 ply 300 thread count sheet will feel heavier than a single ply 600 thread count sheet.

The most common constructions are muslin, percale, sateen, flannel, and knitted jersey.[6] In a plain weave the warp and weft cross each other one at a time, and sateen, has multiple threads (usually three or four) over, and one under.[7]

See also

References
  1. "A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE ON HOW TO MEASURE YOUR BED FOR FITTED SHEETS". Double Jersey. 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
  2. "Pros and Cons of Different Bedding Fabrics". The Spruce. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  3. "Bed sheet". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
  4. "The History Of Bed sheets". roopantaran. 25 April 2020.
  5. Elsasser, Virginia Hencken (2004). Know Your Home Furnishings. New York, NY: Fairchild Publications. ISBN 1563672421. OCLC 53051985.
  6. Willbanks, Amy (2014). Textiles for Residential and Commercial Interiors. ISBN 9781609019372. OCLC 953427784.
  7. Boykin, George, "The Difference Between Percale & Sateen", eHow

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