Billardiera
Billardiera is a genus of small vines and shrubs in the family, Pittosporaceae, which is endemic to Australia. The genus was first formally described in 1793 by botanist James Edward Smith who named it in honour of Jacques Labillardière, a French botanist.[1][2][3]
| Billardiera | |
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| Billardiera scandens, fruit - Lawson, NSW | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Pittosporaceae |
| Genus: | Billardiera Sm. |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms | |
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Description
Members of the genus, Billardiera, are woody climbers.[4] The leathery leaves are alternate.[3] The 5-merous hermaphroditic flowers are usually terminal, and may be solitary or clustered.[3] The perianth consists of a distinct calyx and corolla.[3] The petals are clawed. The anthers shed their pollen via longitudinal slits.[3] There is one hairless style & stigma.[3] The ovary is superior and either 2 or 3 locular, with the placentation being parietal.[3] The fruit is either a two-celled capsule or a berry with one or two cells.[3] The wingless seeds are often covered in a mucilaginous pulp.[3]
Distribution
The genus is endemic to Australia and found in all states and territories except the Northern Territory
Species include
- Billardiera coriacea Benth.
- Billardiera cymosa F.Muell.
- Billardiera drummondii (C.Morren) L.Cayzer & Crisp
- Billardiera floribunda (Putt.) F.Muell. (White-flowered billardiera)
- Billardiera fraseri (Hook.) F.Muell. (Elegant pronaya)
- Billardiera fusiformis Labill. (Australian bluebell)
- Billardiera heterophylla (Lindl.) L.Cayzer & Crisp (Bluebell creeper, purple appleberry, Australian bluebell)
- Billardiera laxiflora (Benth.) E.M.Benn.
- Billardiera lehmanniana F.Muell.
- Billardiera longiflora Labill.
- Billardiera macrantha Hook.f.
- Billardiera mutabilis Salisb. (Climbing appleberry)
- Billardiera nesophila L.Cayzer & D.L.Jones
- Billardiera ovalis Lindl.
- Billardiera procumbens (Hook.)
- Billardiera rubens L.Cayzer, Crisp & I.Telford
- Billardiera scandens Sm. (Hairy appleberry)
- Billardiera sericophora F.Muell.
- Billardiera speciosa (Endl.)
- Billardiera uniflora E.M.Benn.
- Billardiera variifolia DC.
- Billardiera venusta (Putt.) L.Cayzer & Crisp
- Billardiera versicolor F.Muell. ex Klatt (Pale appleberry)
- Billardiera villosa (Turcz.) E.M.Benn.
- Billardiera viridiflora L.Cayzer & D.L.Jones
References
- "Billardiera Sm". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
- PlantNET New South Wales Flora Online: Billardiera
- "Billardiera". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
- Cayzer, L, Crisp, M, Telford, I (2004) Cladistic analysis and revision of Billardiera (Pittosporaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 17, 83-125.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Billardiera. |
- Billardiera Key to South Australian species eloraSA Electronic Flora of South Australia.
- Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants (ASGAP): Billardiera scandens
- Bennett, E.M. 1972. "New taxa and new combinations in Western Australian Pittosporaceae". Nuytsia. 1 (3): 266–269.
- Bennett, E.M. 1978. "New taxa and new combinations in Australian Pittosporaceae". Nuytsia. 2 (4): 184–189.