Blue-and-yellow tanager

Blue-and-yellow tanager
	Male of the black-backed nominate subspecies
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Thraupidae
Genus:	Rauenia; Wolters, 1981
Species:	R. bonariensis
Binomial name
	Rauenia bonariensis; (Gmelin, 1789)
Synonyms
	Thraupis bonariensis

The blue-and-yellow tanager (Rauenia bonariensis) is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae.

It is found in Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, extreme northern border Chile, and Andean Peru and Ecuador. Some southern region birds migrate northeastwards in the austral winter into eastern Bolivia and northeastern Argentina; also Paraguay where the birds are only migratory non-breeding residents.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest.

This species was formerly placed in the genus Thraupis. It was moved to Pipraeidea based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014.[2][3][4] It was moved to Rauenia based on the study published in 2020. It is monotypic in that genus.

Males from the Andes, such as this individual from Ecuador, have a green back.
A male Rauenia bonariensis darwinii, characterized by green upper back

References

BirdLife International. 2017. Pipraeidea bonariensis (amended version of 2016 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T103841965A119470965. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T103841965A119470965.en. Downloaded on 18 August 2020.
Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006.
Burns, K.J.; Unitt, P.; Mason, N.A. (2016). "A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)". Zootaxa. 4088 (3): 329–354. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 18 October 2020.

External links

Blue-and-yellow Tanager videos on the Internet Bird Collection
Stamps (for Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay) – with ~RangeMap
Blue-and-yellow photo gallery VIREO Photo-High Res--(Close-up)
Photo-High Res; Article-(includes: other name: "Darwin's Tanager") – mangoverde
Photo-High Res; Article incatrail-Peru – "Birds of Machu-Picchu"

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[1] BirdLife International. 2017. Pipraeidea bonariensis (amended version of 2016 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T103841965A119470965. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T103841965A119470965.en. Downloaded on 18 August 2020.

[2] Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006.

[3] Burns, K.J.; Unitt, P.; Mason, N.A. (2016). "A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)". Zootaxa. 4088 (3): 329–354. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2.

[ioc-4] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 18 October 2020.