Borgia Apartments

The Borgia Apartments are a suite of rooms in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican, adapted for personal use by Pope Alexander VI (Rodrígo de Borgia). In the late 15th century, he commissioned the Italian painter Bernardino di Betto (Pinturicchio) and his studio to decorate them with frescos.

Borgia Apartments
Location on a map of Vatican City

The paintings and frescoes, which were executed between 1492 and 1494, drew on a complex iconographic program that used themes from medieval encyclopedias, adding an eschatological layer of meaning and celebrating the supposedly divine origins of the Borgias.[1] Recent cleaning of Pinturicchio's fresco The Resurrection has revealed a scene believed to be the earliest known European depiction of Native Americans, painted just two years after Christopher Columbus returned from the New World.[2]

Detail of a 1492-1494 fresco by Pinturicchio, Resurrection, shows Pope Alexander VI (of the House of Borgia) in prayer

As of 2019, the suite was open to tourists.[3]

Frescoes

When the Borgia family fell out of favor after the 1503 death of Pope Alexander VI, the apartments were little used for centuries. Only in 1889 did Pope Leo XIII have the rooms restored and opened for public viewing.[4] The works in the apartment are now considered part of the Vatican Library.

Most of the rooms are now used for the Vatican Collection of Modern Religious Art, inaugurated by Pope Paul VI in 1973.

The collection includes about 600 accumulated works of painting, sculpture and graphic art; donations of contemporary Italian and foreign artists and includes works by Paul Gauguin, Marc Chagall, Paul Klee, Salvador Dalí, and Wassily Kandinsky.

The upper part of the walls and vaults, covered with paintings, are further enriched with delicate stucco work in relief.[5] The main subjects of the five rooms completed by Pinturicchio are:

The Hall of the Mysteries of the Faith
Hall of Mysteries of the Faith
Annunciation Nativity Adoration of the Magi Resurrection
Ascension Descent of the Holy Spirit Assumption of the Virgin

The Hall of the Saints
Hall of the Saints
St Catherine's Disputation Myth of the Bull Apis Martyrdom of Saint Barbara
Paul the Hermit Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian The Visitation

The Hall of Trivium and of Quadrivium
The Arts of the Trivium and Quadrivium (selected)
Grammar (Trivium) Rhetoric (Trivium) Music (Quadrivium) Geometry (Quadrivium) Astrology (Quadrivium)

Other rooms
  • The Room of the Sibyls

Some of the remaining rooms were painted by Perin del Vaga.

See also

References
  1. Web Gallery of Art
  2. Sylvia Poggioli (May 5, 2013). "Long Hidden, Vatican Painting Linked To Native Americans". NPR. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  3. https://theromanguy.com/italy-travel-blog/guide-to-the-borgia-apartments-in-the-vatican/
  4. "Vatican City State – Borgia Apartment". Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  5. Old and Sold – Antiques Digest Archived November 23, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

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