Brotulotaenia brevicauda

Brotulotaenia brevicauda is a benthopelagic marine fish species in the family Ophidiidae. This totally black fish is usually found in the Atlantic Ocean but it has also been reported in the Indian.[2] B. brevicauda lives in deep water and grows up to 32 cm in length.[2][3][4] It is also occaisonally known as the Short-tail cusk-eel.[1]

Brotulotaenia brevicauda
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Ophidiiformes
Family: Ophidiidae
Genus: Brotulotaenia
Species:
B. brevicauda
Binomial name
Brotulotaenia brevicauda
Cohen, 1974

Description

B. brevicauda can be differentiated from other cusk eels in that it's operculum lacks a spine. [2] Many cusk-eels also have a patch of teeth in the middle of the basibranchial region, and while B. brevicauda lacks this feature, its gill-rakers form a number of tooth-bearing tubercules.[2] The otoliths of this species are also very small and rounded. [2]

In the rest of the skeleton, B. brevicauda scales are small, prickle-like, and are not imbricated. The dorsal fin lacks spines but has 79-84 rays. Similarly, the anal fin lacks spines but has 58-64 rays. In total this species has 63-66 vertebrae, 12-15 of which are in the pre-caudal region.[2]

Distribution and habitat

In the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, B. brevicauda is known from the waters near Portugal, as well as one record from an area northwest of Spain[5] as well as near the Azores.[6] In the Western Atlantic, it has been found near Bermuda, in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Caribbean sea, and may rarely appear near the Flemish Cap region.[2] B. brevicauda is also found in both the eastern and western Indian Oceans.[4]

See also

References
  1. Cobián Rojas, D., Espinosa-Perez, H., Polanco Fernandez, A. & Vega-Cendejas, M. 2019. Brotulotaenia brevicauda. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T18138837A20682688. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T18138837A20682688.en. Downloaded on 14 November 2020.
  2. Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO.
  3. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). "Brotulotaenia brevicauda" in FishBase. december 2012 version.
  4. Bañón, R., E. Rodríguez-Marín and M. Covelo, 1999. New northern limit for the distribution of Brotulotaenia brevicauda (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae) and Pseudoscopelus scriptus (Perciformes, Chiasmodontidae) in the Atlantic. Cybium 23(2):189-194.
  5. Ramos, M. (ed.). 2010. IBERFAUNA. The Iberian Fauna Databank - disponível online em "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-01-26. Retrieved 2016-01-09.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp.
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