Calotomus

Calotomus
	Calotomus carolinus, Carolines parrotfish
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Labriformes
Family:	Scaridae
Genus:	Calotomus; Gilbert, 1890
Type species
	Calotomus xenodon; Gilbert, 1890[1]
Species
	5 extant, see text

Calotomus is a parrotfish genus from the Indo-Pacific, with a single species ranging into the warmer parts of the east Pacific. Compared to most of their relatives, their colours are relatively dull. Several species in this genus are associated with sea grass beds, but most can also be seen at reefs.

Species

The genus includes these extant species:[2]

Calotomus carolinus (Valenciennes, 1840) (Carolines parrotfish)

A female Carolines parrotfish (C. carolinus) in the initial phase.

A male Carolines parrotfish (C. carolinus) in the terminal phase.

Calotomus japonicus (Valenciennes, 1840) (Japanese parrotfish)
Calotomus spinidens (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Spinytooth parrotfish)
Calotomus viridescens (Rüppell, 1835) (Viridescent parrotfish)
Calotomus zonarchus (Jenkins, 1903) (Yellowbar parrotfish)

The fossil species, Calotomus preisli has been recovered from middle Miocene beds from Austria, suggesting the Paratethys Sea might have been tropical.[3]

References

Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Calotomus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). Calotomus Species of 'Calotomus' in FishBase. April 2006 version.
Bellwood, David R.; Schultz, Ortwin (1991). "A Review of the Fossil Record of the Parrotfishes (Labroidei: Scaridae) with a Description of a New Calotomus Species from the Middle Miocene (Badenian) of Austria" (PDF). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien. 92: 55–71.

Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2009). Species of Calotomus in FishBase. December 2009 version.
Bony fish in the online Sepkoski Database

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[CofF-1] Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Calotomus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 15 February 2020.

[Fishbase-2] Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). Calotomus Species of 'Calotomus' in FishBase. April 2006 version.

[3] Bellwood, David R.; Schultz, Ortwin (1991). "A Review of the Fossil Record of the Parrotfishes (Labroidei: Scaridae) with a Description of a New Calotomus Species from the Middle Miocene (Badenian) of Austria" (PDF). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien. 92: 55–71.