Campeonato Paulista

The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the FPF, the league is contested between 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the most well-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.

Campeonato Paulista
Campeonato Paulista
Founded1902
StateSão Paulo
ConfederationCONMEBOL
CBF
FPF
Number of teams16
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toSérie A2
Domestic cup(s)Copa Paulista
Current championsPalmeiras (23rd title)
(2020)
Most championshipsCorinthians (30 titles)
TV partnersRede Globo
SporTV
Premiere FC
WebsiteOfficial website
Current: 2021 Campeonato Paulista

Format

Campeonato Paulista is held annually by the Federação Paulista de Futebol (São Paulo State Football Federation), or FPF, amongst teams residing within the state of São Paulo. 20 clubs compete in the highest level of the championship (Série A1). In a new format starting in 2007, each team plays the others once in a round-robin format, followed by a four-team playoff with home-and-away series. In addition, teams that finish the regular season in places 5 through 8 (that do not reside within the city of São Paulo or Santos) will compete in a playoff for the title of "Campeão do Interior" (Upstate Champion). The four lowest placed teams are relegated to the lower competition (Série A2) for the following year.

Série A2 is competed by 20 teams in three separate phases. In Phase One, the teams are split into two groups, playing each other twice in a home-and-home series. The bottom two from each group are relegated to Série A3; the top four advance to Phase Two. Phase two consists of the eight advancing teams organized into groups, repeating the home-and-home series within the group. The top two placed teams from each group are promoted to Série A1; each top team advances to Phase Three, a single championship game to determine the tournament winner.

Série A3 consists of 20 teams competing in a three phase format similar to Série A2. Promotion and relegation rules are the same as in this higher level.

The Second Division (Série B) matches are held by minor teams during the Brazilian league. The number of teams involved varies, with 45 participants in 2011. Top four teams are promoted to Série A3.

History

Founding

Charles Miller was responsible for the creation of the first São Paulo state tournament. Miller introduced the football association rules to Brazil upon his return from England, where he attended college and discovered the sport. On December 14, 1901, the Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (Paulista Football League), or LPF was founded, comprising five initial teams: São Paulo Athletic Club, Internacional, Mackenzie, Germânia, and Paulistano. Between April and October 1902, those teams competed in the first edition of the tournament, with São Paulo AC winning the title and Miller himself as the leading goalscorer. Unlike in Argentina and Uruguay, football was restricted to elitist clubs in its early days in Brazil.

Football popularity grew in following years. Paulistano, a club composed of the children of the richest families of São Paulo, became the strongest team. However, the popularity base of the sport started to change after a brilliant exhibition tour by the Corinthians, a London amateur team, in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. They easily defeated the best Brazilian teams of the time and made a very favorable impression amongst the younger fans. Shortly thereafter, a group of workers were inspired to found the city's first popular team, Sport Club Corinthians Paulista.

1910s–1930s

Growth of football popularity amongst lower classes generated a rift in the LPF. Their directors had defended that football should remain an elitist sport. This difference in opinion led to creation of another competing league, the Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (Paulista Association of Athletic Sports), APEA, which promoted the sport among all social classes. Corinthians and Palestra Itália (a new club founded by Italian immigrants), and Paulistano helped to comprise the new league.

The LPF ceased operation in 1917. Until 1926, the APEA remained the only league in São Paulo. Stronger teams, larger crowds and players such Neco (Corinthians) and Arthur Friedenreich (Paulistano) contributed to the footballmania that converted football from "foreigner's fun" to Brazil's most popular sport. Debates surrounded the issue of whether football should professionalize or remain a purely amateur endeavor. Paulistano, the most trophied team at the time, refused to become professional and departed in 1925 to create the Liga de Amadores de Futebol (League of Football Amateurs) [LAF]. Competition between the two leagues fueled expansion of the teams, as clubs from upstate began to join.

By 1930, the LAF and Paulistano had folded, and a new era for São Paulo football began. Players became professionals in 1933 when Bandeirante Football League was created. Corinthians and Palestra Itália assumed their positions as the most powerful and popular teams. A new club emerges to compete for the hearts of supporters. Some dissidents from Paulistano, favorable to professionalization, along with the directors of AA Palmeiras united to form São Paulo Futebol Clube, the third force of the city.

Modern era

The APEA had ceased operations in 1938, and after several name changes, the original Bandeirante Football League officially became the Federação Paulista de Futebol (Paulista Football Federation), [FPF] on April 22, 1941. São Paulo signed Leonidas da Silva in the following year and won five of the next eight championships. Palestra Itália change its name to Palmeiras in 1943 due to a World War II period law that banned Axis Powers's references in sport. Football grows within the state and a second division is created in 1948, allowing upstate teams to take part in major league competition. XV de Novembro from Piracicaba was the first team promoted to the top flight.

São Paulo, Palmeiras and Corinthians dominated titles in early 1950s. Santos, although having competed consistently, would need to wait a few more years to gain top status. 1957 saw the debut of one of football's greatest players, Pelé. His goals helped Santos to win nine of the next twelve championships. Pelé was the league top scorer in every year between 1957 and 1965 including a record 58 goals in a single season. Santos won numerous competitions at the state, national, regional and international level. Palmeiras's "Academia" teams were the only ones able to break such dominance in the sixties.

Since the 1960s, Brazil began to develop more mature national competitions which competed with the state and regional tournaments for supporter's attention. In 1977, Corinthians' were able to win a title after a 24-year drought, and the early eighties saw the battle between Corinthians (led by Sócrates) and São Paulo's (Serginho Chulapa). The "Corinthians Democracy" won in 1982 and 1983 while introducing a new philosophy in club management, where players participate in all decisions with management. São Paulo became the most successful team of the decade, winning the championship in 1980, 1981, 1985, 1987 and 1989. The last years saw the emergence of players such as Müller and Silas (known as the "Menudos do Morumbi") on that team. Internacional from Limeira accomplished a great upset in 1986 by defeating Palmeiras to win the final.

Bragantino vs. Novorizontino was the final in the 1990 championship in the Paulistão's biggest ever upset. Palmeiras' fans saw their club win the 1993, 1994 and 1996 championships with the greatest Brazilian squad of the decade. Rivaldo, Roberto Carlos, Edmundo, César Sampaio are among the members of the "Green Machine" which scored 100 goals in the 1996 tournament. Corinthians conquered the trophy five times in the 1995–2003 period, thus becoming the most successful team in the first 100 years of the Campeonato Paulista, with 25 titles.

Since 2000, Campeonato Paulista has lost popularity with each year. The main São Paulo state teams treat the tournament as tune-ups for the more lucrative Copa Libertadores and Brazilian National Championship. However, the Paulistão, as well as the other state tournaments in Brazil, still hold significance by providing developing talent and sustaining grass-roots soccer within the state.

Teams

The following teams will compete in the Campeonato Paulista in the 2020 season.

ClubHome city2019 result
BotafogoRibeirão Preto8th
NovorizontinoNovo Horizonte6th
BragantinoBragança Paulista8th *RB Bragantino replaced RB Brasil
CorinthiansSão Paulo1st
Santo AndréSanto André1st (Série A2)
ItuanoItu5th
GuaraniCampinas10th
MirassolMirassol12th
OesteBarueri11th
PalmeirasSão Paulo3rd
Ponte PretaCampinas9th
FerroviáriaAraraquara7th
Internacional LimeiraLimeira2nd (Série A2)
SantosSantos4th
Água SantaDiadema3rd (Série A2)
São PauloSão Paulo2nd

Past tournaments

Winners and goalscorers

Season Winner Runner-up Top Goalscorer[1] Team Goals
1902 LPF São Paulo A.C. (1) Paulistano Charles Miller São Paulo A.C.
10
1903 LPF São Paulo A.C. (2) Paulistano Álvaro and Boyes Paulistano and São Paulo A.C.
4
1904 LPF São Paulo A.C. (3) Paulistano Charles Miller São Paulo A.C.
9
1905 LPF Paulistano (1) Germânia Hermann Friese Germânia
14
1906 LPF Germânia (1) Internacional (SP) Fuller Germânia
4
1907 LPF Internacional (SP) (1) Americano and Paulistano Léo Internacional (SP)
8
1908 LPF Paulistano (2) Germânia Peres Paulistano
6
1909 LPF A.A. das Palmeiras (1) Paulistano Bibi Paulistano
9
1910 LPF A.A. das Palmeiras (2) Americano Boyes, Eurico, Rubens Sales São Paulo A.C., A.A. das Palmeiras, Paulistano
10
1911 LPF São Paulo A.C. (4) Americano Décio Americano
7
1912 LPF Americano (1) Paulistano Arthur Friedenreich Mackenzie
1913 APEA Paulistano (3) Mackenzie José Pedro, Luiz Alves, Renato, Whatley, Luiz, Mesquita first 4 from Mackenzie, A.A. das Palmeiras, Paulistano
3
1913 LPF Americano (2) Ypiranga Décio Americano
7
1914 APEA São Bento (1) Paulistano Arthur Friedenreich Paulistano
12
1914 LPF Corinthians (1) Campos Elísios Neco Corinthians
12
1915 APEA A.A. das Palmeiras (3) Mackenzie Nazaré A.A. das Palmeiras
13
1915 LPF Germânia (2) A.A. Campos Elíseos Facchini A.A. Campos Elíseos
17
1916 LPF Corinthians (2) União Lapa Aparicio Corinthians
7
1916 APEA Paulistano (4) São Bento Mariano Paulistano
8
1917 APEA Paulistano (5) Palestra Italia Arthur Friedenreich Ypiranga
15
1918 APEA Paulistano (6) Corinthians Arthur Friedenreich Paulistano
25
1919 APEA Paulistano (7) Palestra Italia Arthur Friedenreich Ypiranga
26
1920 APEA Palestra Italia (1) Paulistano Neco Corinthians
24
1921 APEA Paulistano (8) Corinthians and Palestra Italia Arthur Friedenreich Paulistano
33
1922 APEA Corinthians (3) Palestra Italia Gambarotta Corinthians
19
1923 APEA Corinthians (4) Palestra Italia Feitiço São Bento
18
1924 APEA Corinthians (5) Paulistano Feitiço São Bento
14
1925 APEA São Bento (2) Corinthians and Paulistano Feitiço São Bento
10
1926 LAF Paulistano (9) Germânia Filó Paulistano
16
1926 APEA Palestra Italia(2) Auto Heitor Palestra Italia
18
1927 LAF Paulistano (10) Espanha Arthur Friedenreich Paulistano
13
1927 APEA Palestra Italia (3) Santos Araken Santos
31
1928 LAF Internacional (SP) (2) Paulistano / /
1928 APEA Corinthians (6) Santos Heitor Palestra Italia
16
1929 LAF Paulistano (11) Internacional (SP) Arthur Friedenreich Paulistano
16
1929 APEA Corinthians (7) Santos Feitiço Santos
12
1930 APEA Corinthians (8) São Paulo da Floresta Feitiço Santos
37
1931 APEA São Paulo (1) Palestra Italia and Santos Feitiço Santos
39
1932 APEA Palestra Italia (4) São Paulo da Floresta Romeu Palestra Italia
18
1933 APEA Palestra Italia (5) São Paulo da Floresta Valdemar de Brito São Paulo da Floresta
21
1934 APEA Palestra Italia (6) São Paulo da Floresta Romeu Palestra Italia
13
1935 APEA Portuguesa (1) Ypiranga Figueiredo Ypiranga
19
1935 LPF Santos (1) Palestra Italia Teleco Corinthians
9
1936 APEA Portuguesa (2) Ypiranga Carioca Portuguesa
18
1936 LPF Palestra Italia (7) Corinthians Teleco Corinthians
28
1937 LPF Corinthians (9) Palestra Italia Teleco Corinthians
15
1938 LFESP Corinthians (10) São Paulo Eliseu São Paulo
13
1939 LFESP Corinthians (11) Palestra Italia Teleco Corinthians
32
1940 LFESP Palestra Italia (8) Portuguesa Peixe Ypiranga
21
1941 Corinthians (12) São Paulo Teleco Corinthians
26
1942 Palmeiras (9) Corinthians Milani Corinthians
24
1943 São Paulo (2) Corinthians Hércules Corinthians
19
1944 Palmeiras (10) São Paulo Luizinho São Paulo
22
1945 São Paulo (3) Corinthians Passarinho and Servilio SPR (Nacional) and Corinthians
17
1946 São Paulo (4) Corinthians Servilio Corinthians
19
1947 Palmeiras (11) Corinthians Servilio Corinthians
19
1948 São Paulo (5) Santos Cilas Ypiranga
19
1949 São Paulo (6) Palmeiras Friaça São Paulo
24
1950 Palmeiras (12) São Paulo and Santos Pinga Portuguesa
22
1951 Corinthians (13) Palmeiras Carbone Corinthians
30
1952 Corinthians (14) São Paulo Baltazar Corinthians
27
1953 São Paulo (7) Palmeiras Humberto Palmeiras
22
1954 Corinthians (15) Palmeiras Humberto Palmeiras
36
1955 Santos (2) Corinthians Del Vecchio Santos
23
1956 Santos (3) São Paulo Zezinho São Paulo
16
1957 São Paulo (8) Santos Pelé Santos
17
1958 Santos (4) São Paulo Pelé Santos
58
1959 Palmeiras (13) Santos Pelé Santos
44
1960 Santos (5) Portuguesa Pelé Santos
34
1961 Santos (6) Palmeiras Pelé Santos
47
1962 Santos (7) São Paulo and Corinthians Pelé Santos
37
1963 Palmeiras (14) São Paulo Pelé Santos
22
1964 Santos (8) Palmeiras Pelé Santos
34
1965 Santos (9) Palmeiras Pelé Santos
49
1966 Palmeiras (15) Corinthians Toninho Guerreiro Santos
27
1967 Santos (10) São Paulo Flávio Corinthians
21
1968 Santos (11) Corinthians Téia Ferroviária
20
1969 Santos (12) Palmeiras Pelé Santos
26
1970 São Paulo (9) Palmeiras and Ponte Preta Toninho Guerreiro São Paulo
13
1971 São Paulo (10) Palmeiras César Maluco Palmeiras 18
1972 Palmeiras (16) São Paulo Toninho Guerreiro São Paulo 17
1973 Santos (13) and Portuguesa (3) Palmeiras Pelé Santos 11
1974 Palmeiras (17) Corinthians Geraldão Botafogo (SP) 23
1975 São Paulo (11) Portugesa Serginho Chulapa São Paulo 22
1976 Palmeiras (18) XV de Piracicaba Sócrates Botafogo (SP) 15
1977 Corinthians (16) Ponte Preta Serginho Chulapa São Paulo 32
1978 Santos (14) São Paulo Juari Santos 29
1979 Corinthians (17) Ponte Preta Luis Fernando América (SP) 27
1980 São Paulo (12) Santos Edmar Taubaté 17
1981 São Paulo (13) Ponte Preta Jorge Mendonça Guarani 38
1982 Corinthians (18) São Paulo Walter Casagrande Corinthians 28
1983 Corinthians (19) São Paulo Serginho Chulapa Santos 22
1984 Santos (15) Corinthians Chiquinho and Serginho Chulapa Botafogo (SP) and Santos 16
1985 São Paulo (14) Portuguesa Careca São Paulo 23
1986 Internacional de Limeira (1) Palmeiras Kita Internacional de Limeira 23
1987 São Paulo (15) Corinthians Edmar Corinthians 19
1988 Corinthians (20) Guarani Evair Guarani 19
1989 São Paulo (16) São José Toni and Toquinho São José and Portuguesa 13
1990 Bragantino (1) Novorizontino Alberto, Rubem, Volnei Ituano, Guarani, Ferroviária 12
1991 São Paulo (17) Corinthians Raí São Paulo 20
1992 São Paulo (18) Palmeiras Válber Mogi Mirim 17
1993 Palmeiras (19) Corinthians Viola Corinthians 20
1994 Palmeiras (20) São Paulo Evair Palmeiras 23
1995 Corinthians (21) Palmeiras Bentinho and Paulinho São Paulo and Portuguesa 20
1996 Palmeiras (21) São Paulo Giovanni Santos 24
1997 Corinthians (22) São Paulo Dodô São Paulo 19
1998 São Paulo (19) Corinthians França São Paulo 12
1999 Corinthians (23) Palmeiras Alex Mogi Mirim 12
2000 São Paulo (20) Santos França São Paulo 18
2001 Corinthians (24) Botafogo (SP) Washington Ponte Preta 16
2002 Ituano (1) União São João Alex Alves Juventus 17
2003 Corinthians (25) São Paulo Luís Fabiano São Paulo 8
2004 São Caetano (1) Paulista Vágner Love Palmeiras 12
2005 São Paulo (21) Corinthians Finazzi América (SP) 17
2006 Santos (16) São Paulo Nilmar Corinthians 18
2007 Santos (17) São Caetano Somália São Caetano 13
2008 Palmeiras (22) Ponte Preta Alex Mineiro Palmeiras 15
2009 Corinthians (26) Santos Pedrão Grêmio Barueri 15
2010 Santos (18) Santo André Ricardo Bueno Oeste 16
2011 Santos (19) Corinthians Elano and Liédson Santos and Corinthians 11
2012 Santos (20) Guarani Neymar Santos 20
2013 Corinthians (27) Santos William Ponte Preta 13
2014 Ituano (2) Santos Alan Kardec Palmeiras 9
2015 Santos (21) Palmeiras Ricardo Oliveira Santos 11
2016 Santos (22) Audax Roger Red Bull 11
2017 Corinthians (28) Ponte Preta Gilberto and William Pottker São Paulo and Ponte Preta 9
2018 Corinthians (29) Palmeiras Miguel Borja Palmeiras 7
2019 Corinthians (30) São Paulo Jean Mota Santos 7
2020 Palmeiras (23) Corinthians Ytalo Red Bull Bragantino 7
  • LPF — Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (Paulista Football League)
  • APEA — Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (Paulista Association of Athletic Sports)
  • LAF — Liga Amadores de Futebol (Amateur Football League)
  • LFESP — Liga de Futebol do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo State Football League)
  • All editions starting in 1941 organized by the FPF — Federação Paulista de Futebol (Paulista Football Federation)

Titles by club

Club Winners Runners-up Winning years
Corinthians
30
21
1914, 1916, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1951, 1952, 1954, 1977, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1988, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2009, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2019
Palestra Itália/Palmeiras
23
26
1920, 1926, 1927, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1940, 1942, 1944, 1947, 1950, 1959, 1963, 1966, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1993, 1994, 1996, 2008, 2020
Santos
22
11
1935, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1978, 1984, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016
São Paulo
21
24
1931, 1943, 1945, 1946, 1948, 1949, 1953, 1957, 1970, 1971, 1975, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1998, 2000, 2005
Paulistano
11
10
1905, 1908, 1913, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1921, 1926, 1927, 1929
São Paulo Athletic Club
4
1
1902, 1903, 1904, 1911
Portuguesa
3
4
1935, 1936, 1973
A.A. das Palmeiras
3
0
1909, 1910, 1915
Germânia
2
3
1906, 1916
Americano
2
3
1912, 1913
Internacional
2
2
1907, 1928
São Bento
2
0
1914, 1925
Ituano
2
0
2002, 2014
São Caetano
1
1
2004
Inter de Limeira
1
0
1986
Bragantino
1
0
1990
  • In 2002, the FPF organized the Super Championship with the top 3 teams in the 2002 Rio-São Paulo Tournament (Corinthians, São Paulo and Palmeiras) and the 2002 Paulista Champions (Ituano). São Paulo won the Championship.

Campeonato Paulista do Interior

Format

The competition, held since 2007, is played in two-legged semifinals and final by the four best placed countryside São Paulo state clubs that did not reach the semifinal stage of the Campeonato Paulista in the season. Which in turn, is the 5th to 8th place of the first stage of Campeonato Paulista, except the teams from the city of São Paulo and also including Santos.

Winners

Season Winner Runner-up
2007 Guaratinguetá Noroeste
2008 Grêmio Barueri Noroeste
2009 Ponte Preta Grêmio Barueri
2010 Botafogo (SP) São Caetano
2011 Oeste Ponte Preta
2012 Mogi Mirim Bragantino
2013 Ponte Preta Penapolense
2014 Penapolense Botafogo (SP)
2015 Ponte Preta Red Bull Brasil
2016 São Bento São Bernardo
2017 Ituano Santo André
2018 Ponte Preta Mirassol
2019 Red Bull Brasil Ponte Preta
2020 Red Bull Bragantino Guarani

Titles by club

Club Winners Runners-up Winning years
Ponte Preta
4
2
2009, 2013, 2015, 2018
Grêmio Barueri
1
1
2008
Botafogo (SP)
1
1
2010
Penapolense
1
1
2014
Red Bull Brasil
1
1
2019
Red Bull Bragantino
1
1
2020
Guaratinguetá
1
0
2007
Oeste
1
0
2011
Mogi Mirim
1
0
2012
São Bento
1
0
2016
Ituano
1
0
2017
Noroeste
0
2
Mirassol
0
1
Santo André
0
1
São Bernardo
0
1
São Caetano
0
1
Guarani FC
0
1

See also

References

  1. "Artilheiros da história" (in Portuguese). Folha Online. February 11, 2008. Retrieved October 4, 2008.
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