Celaya

Celaya (pronunciation ) is a city and its surrounding municipality in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, located in the southeast quadrant of the state. It is the third most populous city in the state, with a 2005 census population of 310,413. The municipality for which the city serves as municipal seat, had a population of 415,869. The city is located in the geographic center of the municipality, which has an areal extent of 553.18 km2 (213.58 sq mi) and includes many smaller outlying communities, the largest of which are San Miguel Octopan, Rincón de Tamayo and San Juan de la Vega.

Celaya
Seal
Motto(s): 
"De Forti Dulcedo" (La Dulzura del Fuerte) (The Sweetness of the Fort)
Celaya
Coordinates: 20°31′23″N 100°48′50″W
Country Mexico
StateGuanajuato
MunicipalityCelaya
FoundationOctober 12, 1570
Founded byMartín Enríquez de Almanza
Government
 • MayorElvira Paniagua Rodríguez (PAN)
Area
 • Total553.18 km2 (213.58 sq mi)
Elevation
1,767 m (5,797 ft)
Population
 (2012)
 • Total468,469
 • Density850/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central Standard Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (Central Daylight Time)
Postal code
38000 - 38159
Area code(s)461
AirportAeropuerto Nacional Capitán Rogelio Castillo
Websitehttp://www.celaya.gob.mx

There are many smaller towns around Celaya including Rincón de Tamayo, Tarimoro, Salvatierra, La Moncada, Panales Jamaica (Cañones), Panales Galera, La Calera, La Estancia, La Noria, Los Fierros, El Acebuche, Cacalote, and Charco Largo.

History
Panorama de la ciudad de Celaya, Guanajuato (Celaya city panorama), Anonymous, 1883, Museo Soumaya
Street vendors in the Celaya train station before 1901

Celaya was a frontier region between the Purépecha and the Chichimecas.[1]

General Álvaro Obregón defeated Pancho Villa in the Battle of Celaya, 1915. Celaya was also the Guanajuato state capital for a short period.

An explosion in a gunpowder and fireworks warehouse in September, 1999, killed over 60 people and injured over 300 people. [2][3]

Climate
Climate data for Celaya
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36.0
(96.8)		 33.0
(91.4)		 39.0
(102.2)		 39.0
(102.2)		 38.5
(101.3)		 38.0
(100.4)		 33.5
(92.3)		 33.0
(91.4)		 33.0
(91.4)		 34.0
(93.2)		 35.0
(95.0)		 34.0
(93.2)		 39.0
(102.2)
Average high °C (°F) 24.7
(76.5)		 26.1
(79.0)		 28.5
(83.3)		 30.2
(86.4)		 31.3
(88.3)		 29.4
(84.9)		 27.3
(81.1)		 27.4
(81.3)		 27.1
(80.8)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.5
(79.7)		 25.3
(77.5)		 27.5
(81.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 15.1
(59.2)		 16.2
(61.2)		 18.5
(65.3)		 20.6
(69.1)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.1
(71.8)		 20.8
(69.4)		 20.7
(69.3)		 20.4
(68.7)		 19.0
(66.2)		 17.6
(63.7)		 16.2
(61.2)		 19.1
(66.4)
Average low °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9)		 6.4
(43.5)		 8.4
(47.1)		 11.0
(51.8)		 13.6
(56.5)		 14.9
(58.8)		 14.3
(57.7)		 14.0
(57.2)		 13.6
(56.5)		 11.4
(52.5)		 8.7
(47.7)		 7.0
(44.6)		 10.7
(51.3)
Record low °C (°F) −3.5
(25.7)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 1.0
(33.8)		 6.0
(42.8)		 7.0
(44.6)		 8.5
(47.3)		 6.5
(43.7)		 3.0
(37.4)		 3.5
(38.3)		 −1.5
(29.3)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 −3.5
(25.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 12.5
(0.49)		 5.7
(0.22)		 8.5
(0.33)		 14.6
(0.57)		 31.0
(1.22)		 97.5
(3.84)		 140.6
(5.54)		 120.7
(4.75)		 94.3
(3.71)		 36.3
(1.43)		 14.5
(0.57)		 8.8
(0.35)		 585.0
(23.03)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.2 1.2 1.5 2.5 5.3 10.7 13.8 12.8 9.8 4.9 2.2 1.8 68.7
Source: Servicio Meteorologico Nacional[4]

Education
  • Centro Pedagogico de Celaya
  • Colegio Arturo Rosenblueth
  • Colegio Marista
  • Colegio Nuevo Continente Bajío Celaya Campus[5]
  • Colegio Mexico[6]
  • Escuela Bilingue Guilford[7]
  • Instituto Andersen[8]
  • Instituto Bilingue Oxford
  • Instituto Británico de Celaya (BIC)
  • Instituto Educativo Rosa G. de Carmona
  • Instituto Kipling
  • Instituto Sir Winston Churchill[9]
  • Instituto Tecnologico de Celaya[10]
  • Instituto Tecnologico de Roque[11]
  • Instituto Universitario del Centro de México (UCEM)
  • Tecnologico de Monterrey
  • Universidad de Celaya[12]
  • Universidad de Guanajuato
  • Universidad de Itesba[13]
  • Universidad Lasallista Benavente[14]
  • Universidad Latina de Mexico[15]
  • Westminster Royal College

Attractions

Ball of Water
Celaya's main icon—a water tower in the heart of the city.

The Ball of Water reservoir has been a city icon since 1908; it continues to supply water to portions of downtown. The tank was manufactured in Germany and assembled on site, and is unique in being assembled using rivets rather than welds. It is believed to be the only one of its kind with a spherical shape (it is rumored that there was another similar water ball in Stuttgart, Germany that was destroyed during the Second World War). Traditionally, locals tell visitors that it is filled with cajeta, taking them to visit the "Bola del Agua" on Sundays, the traditional day for visiting the Independencia Lane. A plaque at the base of the water tower features the legend (in Spanish):

'"This tower was built at the expense of the city municipality in 1910 and officially opened on 15 September, the day of the anniversary of the proclamation of the independence of Mexico as a state governor Mr. Don Joaquín González Obregón, who gave full moral support to the construction.'s work and everything related to the provision of drinking water, was designed and conducted by the district political head Mr. Don Perfecto I. Aranda, its total cost, including piping limited to two circuits, was $ 161,520.84 (mexican old) pesos ".

The work was carried out under the command of German Enrique Schöndube, although it is known that payment for the construction took ten years due to the start of the Mexican Revolution, so it was paid once the new government established. During the Mexican Revolution, Villa's officers thought the hydraulic tower had such a large amount of water that destroying it would drown the population of Celaya. One of Villa's generals ordered his artillery to destroy it. Captain Gustavo Duron, in charge of a 75mm battery, followed the orders but shot around the tower, avoiding it and protecting the monument, as mentioned by local historian Herminio Martínez. The construction resulted in the neglect of the people handing out water at home from the mayor's office called water carriers. Commercial advertising on its surface was allowed for several years to cover the costs of the reservoir, ending on September 8, 1980 when, in celebration of upcoming 410th Anniversary of the Foundation of Celaya, the mayor in charge decreed that the Ball of Water would be a symbol that would represent the city, and the placement of advertisements was banned.

Cuisine

Celaya is also famous for the artisanal production of cajeta, a type of milk candy.

Transportation

The Celaya Airport had (as of January 22, 2007) commercial flights to Santiago de Querétaro and connections from there to other destinations; these services were dropped in 2008. Celaya lies along the El Paso Spur of the Pan-American Highway which is known locally as Mexican Federal Highway 45.

People from Celaya
  • Christian Tumalan (b. ), Band Leader of Grammy award-winning Pacific Mambo Orchestra; classical pianist.
  • Marta Sahagún de Fox (b. April 10, 1953), former Mexican First Lady and wife of President Vicente Fox, lived in Celaya and unsuccessfully ran for mayor
  • José Francisco Ortega (b. 1734 – February 1798) was soldier and early settler of California.
  • Miguel Martínez (b. September 29, 1921), Musician, composer and songwriter. Considered the father of the modern mariachi trumpet.
  • Francisco Eduardo Tresguerras (b. October 13, 1759, d. August 3, 1833), Architect and painter. Designed the beautiful El Carmen church in Celaya.
  • Joshua Ilika Brenner (b. September 14, 1976) Olympic swimmer
  • Liliana Ibáñez (b. January 30, 1991) Olympic swimmer
  • Raúl Velasco (b. April 24, 1933, d. November 26, 2006) Entertainer and TV Producer. Was the host of the popular marathonic TV program Siempre en Domingo.
  • Octavio Ocampo (b. February 28, 1943) Painter famous for his "metamorphosis" style.
  • Eliseo Ocampo Jaramillo (b. February 16, 1977) Coauthor of "Marketing Político e Imagen de Gobierno en Funciones"
  • Mauricio Ochmann (b. November 16, 1977), Actor.
  • Ever Guzmán (b. March 15, 1988), footballer.
  • Adela Patiño (b. February 11, 1965) also known as Adela Fernandez (La Gallera), Singer, Composer.
  • Plácido Rodríguez (b. October 11, 1940), Bishop of Lubbock, Texas
  • Eric del Castillo (b. July 22, 1930) is a well-known Mexican actor.
  • Elisa Nájera (b. in Celaya, Guanajuato) Miss Mexico 2007 (4th Runner Up Miss Universe 2008)
  • Juan Eduardo Pulido Macais (b. March 20, 1984), Ballet Dancer, who is currently dancing in Europe for Bejart Ballet.
  • José Juan Vázquez (b. 14 March 1988), Mexican footballer, who currently plays in Club Leon.
  • Teresa Molina (b. in Celaya, Guanajuato, 1959), University-Community Partnerships/Social Work Professor, University of Utah[16]
  • Carlos Abella Director General del Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya 1995, cantante y compositor de musica ranchera. actualmente con el Mariachi de Tecalitlan Jalisco, Mexico. (Grabo Dos LP. con Vicente Fernandez Gomez en 1999)
  • David Roberto Bárcena Ríos (26 December 1941 – 22 February 2017) was a Mexican equestrian who competed at five Olympic Games.  He competed in the Modern Pentathlon at the 1964 and 1968 Olympics and in Eventing at the 1972, 1976 and 1980 Olympics. At his fifth Olympics, he won bronze in the Team Event.

Sister cities

See also

References
  1. Peter Gerhard, A Guide to the Historical Geography of New Spain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972), p. 64
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2011-01-30.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1971-2000 Archived 2013-02-19 at Archive.today, National Meteorological Service of Mexico. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
  5. "Nuevo Continente Bajío: Contacto". nuevocontinentebajio.edu.mx.
  6. "Colegio México Celaya – La Verdad Os Hará Libres". www.colegio-mexico.edu.mx.
  7. "Escuela Guilford". 18 December 2007. Archived from the original on 18 December 2007.
  8. "Instituto Hans Christian Andersen". www.institutoandersen.edu.mx.
  9. . 22 July 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110722224624/http://www.institutowinston.edu.mx/. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. "Portal Web ITCelaya - Site". www.itc.mx.
  11. "Instituto Tecnológico de Roque". 21 July 2008. Archived from the original on 21 July 2008.
  12. "Inicio - Universidad de Celaya". www.udec.edu.mx.
  13. "UNITESBA - Universidad". www.unitesba.edu.mx.
  14. "Universidad Lasallista Benavente". www.ulsab.edu.mx.
  15. "Universidad Latina de Mexico - Offline". 28 February 2010. Archived from the original on 28 February 2010.
  16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2013-05-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

Sources

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