Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union

The All-Union Central Executive Committee (Russian: Всесоюзный Центральный Исполнительный Комитет, Vsesoyuznyy Tsentral'nyy Ispolnitel'nyy Komitet) was the most authoritative governing body of the USSR during the interims of the sessions of the All-Union Congress of Soviets. Established in 1922 by the First All-Union Congress of Soviets (see Treaty on the Creation of the USSR), in 1938 it was replaced by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of first convocation.

All-Union Central Executive Committee
Всесоюзный Центральный Исполнительный Комитет
 Soviet Union
Type
Type
History
Established1922
Disbanded1938
Preceded byNone (creation of a new state)[lower-alpha 1]
Succeeded byPresidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
Elections
Election by the All-Union Congress of Soviets
Election by the All-Union Congress of Soviets
This article is part of a series on the
Politics of the Soviet Union
 
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Initially the Committee consisted of four members, after 1925 there were seven. The Kazakh SSR and Kirghiz SSR were created in 1936 and did not have representatives in the Committee.

Except for Kalinin and Petrovsky, all of the Committee members were arrested and executed by shooting in 1938 during the Great Purge except for Alexander Chervyakov who committed suicide to avoid the Purge.

Description

The Central Executive Committee was created with adaptation of the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR in December of 1922. The Central Executive Committee was elected by the Congress of Soviet to govern on its behalf whenever the Congress of Soviets was not in session. The Central Executive Committee was convened by the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee, which was elected by the Central Executive Committee to govern on its behalf whenever it was not in session.

By the 1924 Soviet Constitution, the Central Executive Committee comprised two chambers: the Soviet of the Union (delegates elected broadly) and the Soviet of Nationalities (delegates elected regionally). At the constituent republic level there operated a Central Executive Committee in each of the federal republics:

Leadership

Presidium chairmen

The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee consisted of 21 members and included the Presidia of the Soviet of the Union and the Soviet of Nationalities. A representative of each constituent republic (initially four) was elected one of the directors of the presidium.

As more entities (usually previously Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics) were promoted to the status of constituent republics of the USSR, they received representation among the directors of the Presidium:

Presidium secretaries

Soviet of Nationalities chairmen

Powers

The 1924 Soviet Constitution defined the powers of the CEC as:

See also

Notes
  1. per statement of the First All-Union Congress of Soviets
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