Chi (kana)

, in hiragana, or in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. Both are phonemically /ti/, although, for phonological reasons, the actual pronunciation is [t͡ɕi] (listen).

chi
hiragana
katakana
transliterationchi, ti
translit. with dakutenji, zi, di
hiragana origin
katakana origin
Man'yōgana知 智 陳 千 乳 血 茅
Voiced Man'yōgana遅 治 地 恥 尼 泥
spelling kana千鳥のチ
(Chidori no "chi")

The kanji for one thousand (千, sen), appears similar to チ, and at one time they were related, but today チ is used as phonetic, while the kanji carries an entirely unrelated meaning.

Many onomatopoeic words beginning with ち pertain to things that are small or quick.[1]

The dakuten forms ぢ, ヂ, pronounced the same as the dakuten forms of the shi kana in most dialects (see yotsugana), are uncommon. They are primarily used for indicating a voiced consonant in the middle of a compound word (see rendaku), and they can never begin a word, although some people will write the word for hemorrhoids (normally じ) as ぢ for emphasis. The dakuten form of the shi character is sometimes used when transliterating "di", as opposed to チ's dakuten form; for example, Aladdin is written as アラジン Arajin, and radio is written as ラジオ. More common, though, is to use ディ instead, such as ディオン to translate the name Dion.

In the Ainu language, チ by itself is pronounced [t͡ʃi], and can be combined with the katakana ヤ, ユ, エ, and ヨ to write the other [t͡ʃ] sounds as well as [t͡s] sounds. The combination チェ (pronounced [t͡se]), is interchangeable with セ゚.

Form variants

Form Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
Hepburn Kunrei-shiki Nihon-shiki
Normal ch-/t-
(た行 ta-gyō)
chi ti
chii
chī
tii
ちい, ちぃ
ちー
チイ, チィ
チー
Addition yōon ch-/ty-
(ちゃ行 cha-gyō)
cha tya ちゃ チャ
chaa
chā
tyaa
tyā
ちゃあ
ちゃー
チャア
チャー
chu tyu ちゅ チュ
chuu
chū
tyuu
tyū
ちゅう
ちゅー
チュウ
チュー
cho tyo ちょ チョ
chou
choo
chō
tyou
tyoo
tyō
ちょう
ちょお
ちょー
チョウ
チョオ
チョー
Addition dakuten d- (j/z-)
(だ行 da-gyō)
ji zi di
jii
zii
dii
ぢい, ぢぃ
ぢー
ヂイ, ヂィ
ヂー
Addition yōon and dakuten dy- (j/zy-)
(ぢゃ行 dya-gyō)
ja zya dya ぢゃ ヂャ
jaa
zyaa
zyā
dyaa
dyā
ぢゃあ
ぢゃー
ヂャア
ヂャー
ju zyu dyu ぢゅ ヂュ
juu
zyuu
zyū
dyuu
dyū
ぢゅう
ぢゅー
ヂュウ
ヂュー
jo zyo dyo ぢょ ヂョ
jou
joo
zyou
zyoo
zyō
dyou
dyoo
dyō
ぢょう
ぢょお
ぢょー
ヂョウ
ヂョオ
ヂョー
Other additional forms
Form A (ch-)
Romaji Hiragana Katakana
(cha) (ちゃ) (チャ)
(chyi, chi) (ちぃ, ち) (チ)
(chu) (ちゅ) (チュ)
che ちぇ チェ
(cho) (ちょ) (チョ)
Form B (dy/j-)
Romaji Hiragana Katakana
(dya, ja) (ぢゃ) (ヂャ)
(dyi, ji) (ぢぃ, ぢ) (ヂィ, ヂ)
(dyu, ju) (ぢゅ) (ヂュ)
dye (je) ぢぇ ヂェ
(dyo, jo) (ぢょ) (ヂョ)

Stroke order

Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing チ
Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing チ

Other communicative representations

  • Full Braille representation
ち / チ in Japanese BrailleCh/J/Dy + Yōon braille
ち / チ
chi
ぢ / ヂ
ji/di
ちい / チー
chī
ぢい / ヂー
/
ちゃ / チャ
cha
ぢゃ / ヂャ
ja/dya
ちゃあ / チャー
chā
ぢゃあ / ヂャー
/dya
Ch/J/Dy + Yōon braille
ちゅ / チュ
chu
ぢゅ / ヂュ
ju/dyu
ちゅう / チュー
chū
ぢゅう / ヂュー
/dyū
ちょ / チョ
cho
ぢょ / ヂョ
jo/dyo
ちょう / チョー
chō
ぢょう / ヂョー
/dyō
Character information
Preview
Unicode nameHIRAGANA LETTER TIKATAKANA LETTER TIHALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TIHIRAGANA LETTER DIKATAKANA LETTER DI
Encodingsdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhex
Unicode12385U+306112481U+30C165409U+FF8112386U+306212482U+30C2
UTF-8227 129 161E3 81 A1227 131 129E3 83 81239 190 129EF BE 81227 129 162E3 81 A2227 131 130E3 83 82
Numeric character referenceちちチチチチぢぢヂヂ
Shift JIS[2]130 19182 BF131 9683 60193C1130 19282 C0131 9783 61
EUC-JP[3]164 193A4 C1165 193A5 C1142 1938E C1164 194A4 C2165 194A5 C2
GB 18030[4]164 193A4 C1165 193A5 C1132 49 152 5784 31 98 39164 194A4 C2165 194A5 C2
EUC-KR[5] / UHC[6]170 193AA C1171 193AB C1170 194AA C2171 194AB C2
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[7]198 197C6 C5199 89C7 59198 198C6 C6199 90C7 5A
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[8]199 72C7 48199 189C7 BD199 73C7 49199 190C7 BE
Character information
Preview
Unicode nameCIRCLED KATAKANA TI
Encodingsdecimalhex
Unicode13024U+32E0
UTF-8227 139 160E3 8B A0
Numeric character reference㋠㋠

See also

References

  1. Hiroko Fukuda, Jazz Up Your Japanese with Onomatopoeia: For All Levels, trans. Tom Gally. New York: Kodansha International (2003): 19 - 20, Introduction, Words Beginning with ち Chi, Indicating Smallness or Quickness.
  2. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  3. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  4. Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
  5. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  6. Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  7. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-02-11]. "BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)".
  8. van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
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