Ha (kana)

Ha (hiragana: は, katakana: ハ) is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represent one mora. Both represent [ha]. They are also used as a grammatical particle (in such cases, they denote [wa], including in the greeting "kon'nichiwa") and serve as the topic marker of the sentence. は originates from 波 and ハ from 八.

ha
hiragana
 katakana
transliterationha, wa
hiragana origin波
katakana origin八
Man'yōgana八 方 芳 房 半 伴 倍 泊 波 婆 破 薄 播 幡 羽 早 者 速 葉 歯
Voiced Man'yōgana伐 婆 磨 魔
spelling kanaはがきのハ Hagaki no "ha"
unicodeU+306F, U+30CF
braille
Note: This syllable was historically pronounced as "Pa".
kana gojūon
warayamahanatasakaa
wiri mihinichishikii
ruyumufunutsusukuu
were mehenetesekee
woroyomohonotosokoo
n

sokuon · dakuten · chōonpu

yori · koto · hentaigana

In the Sakhalin dialect of the Ainu language, the katakana ハ can be written as small ㇵ to represent a final h sound after an a sound (アㇵ ah).[1] This, along with other extended katakana, was developed by Japanese linguists to represent sounds in Ainu not present in standard Japanese katakana. When used as a particle, は is pronounced as わ [wa]. は is also pronounced as わ in some words.

Form Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
Normal h-
(は行 ha-gyō)		 ha は ハ
haa
hā, hah		 はあ, はぁ
はー		 ハア, ハァ
ハー
Addition dakuten b-
(ば行 ba-gyō)		 ba ば バ
baa
bā, bah		 ばあ, ばぁ
ばー		 バア, バァ
バー
Addition handakuten p-
(ぱ行 pa-gyō)		 pa ぱ パ
paa
pā, pah		 ぱあ, ぱぁ
ぱー		 パア, パァ
パー

Stroke order
Stroke order in writing は
Stroke order in writing ハ
Stroke order in writing は

The Hiragana は is made with three strokes:

  1. A vertical line on the left side with a small curve.
  2. A horizontal stroke near the center.
  3. A vertical stroke on the right at the center of the second stroke followed by a loop near the end.
Stroke order in writing ハ

The Katakana ハ is made with two strokes:

  1. A straight stroke from the top pointing towards the bottom left.
  2. Another straight stroke going the opposite way, i.e. from the top to the bottom right

The kana は is read as "wa" when it represents a particle.

Other communicative representations
  • Full Braille representation
は / ハ in Japanese Braille
は / ハ
ha		ば / バ
ba		ぱ / パ
pa		はあ / ハー
hā		ばあ / バー
bā		ぱあ / パー
pā		Other kana based on Braille は
ひゃ / ヒャ
hya		びゃ / ビャ
bya		ぴゃ / ピャ
pya		ひゃあ / ヒャー
hyā		びゃあ / ビャー
byā		ぴゃあ / ピャー
pyā
Character information
Previewはハﾊㇵ㋩
Unicode nameHIRAGANA LETTER HAKATAKANA LETTER HAHALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER HAKATAKANA LETTER SMALL HACIRCLED KATAKANA HA
Encodingsdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhex
Unicode12399U+306F12495U+30CF65418U+FF8A12789U+31F513033U+32E9
UTF-8227 129 175E3 81 AF227 131 143E3 83 8F239 190 138EF BE 8A227 135 181E3 87 B5227 139 169E3 8B A9
Numeric character referenceははハハﾊﾊㇵㇵ㋩㋩
Shift JIS (plain)[2]130 20582 CD131 11083 6E202CA
Shift JIS-2004[3]130 20582 CD131 11083 6E202CA131 24183 F1
EUC-JP (plain)[4]164 207A4 CF165 207A5 CF142 2028E CA
EUC-JIS-2004[5]164 207A4 CF165 207A5 CF142 2028E CA166 243A6 F3
GB 18030[6]164 207A4 CF165 207A5 CF132 49 153 5684 31 99 38129 57 188 5781 39 BC 39
EUC-KR[7] / UHC[8]170 207AA CF171 207AB CF
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[9]198 211C6 D3199 103C7 67
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[10]199 86C7 56199 203C7 CB
Character information
Previewばバぱパ
Unicode nameHIRAGANA LETTER BAKATAKANA LETTER BAHIRAGANA LETTER PAKATAKANA LETTER PA
Encodingsdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhex
Unicode12400U+307012496U+30D012401U+307112497U+30D1
UTF-8227 129 176E3 81 B0227 131 144E3 83 90227 129 177E3 81 B1227 131 145E3 83 91
Numeric character referenceばばババぱぱパパ
Shift JIS[2]130 20682 CE131 11183 6F130 20782 CF131 11283 70
EUC-JP[4]164 208A4 D0165 208A5 D0164 209A4 D1165 209A5 D1
GB 18030[6]164 208A4 D0165 208A5 D0164 209A4 D1165 209A5 D1
EUC-KR[7] / UHC[8]170 208AA D0171 208AB D0170 209AA D1171 209AB D1
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[9]198 212C6 D4199 104C7 68198 213C6 D5199 105C7 69
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[10]199 87C7 57199 204C7 CC199 88C7 58199 205C7 CD

See also

References
  1. http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/katakana_phonetic_extensions.html
  2. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  3. Project X0213 (2009-05-03). "Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 1) vs Unicode mapping table".
  4. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  5. Project X0213 (2009-05-03). "EUC-JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 3) vs Unicode mapping table".
  6. Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
  7. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  8. Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  9. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-02-11]. "BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)".
  10. van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.

[1]

  1. Soergel, Nicolas (3 October 2011). "Particle は (wa)". Nihongo Ichiban.
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