Cobitis

Cobitis
	Cobitis delicata
	Cobitis paludica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cypriniformes
Family:	Cobitidae
Genus:	Cobitis; Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
	Cobitis taenia; Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
	Acanestrinia Bǎcescu, 1962; Acanthopsis Agassiz, 1832; Acantophthalmus van Hasselt, 1823; Beyshehiria Erk'akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1999; Bicanestrinia Bǎcescu, 1962; Cobitinula Hankó, 1924; Iberocobitis Bǎcescu, 1962 ; Iksookimia Nalbant, 1993 [1]; Kichulchoia Kim, Park & Nalbant, 1999 [1]; Niwaella Nalbant, 1963 [1]

Cobitis is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cobitidae from temperate and subtropical Eurasia. It contains the "typical spiny loaches", including the well-known spined loach of Europe.[2] Similar spiny loaches, occurring generally south of the range of Cobitis, are nowadays separated in Sabanejewia.[3]

Species

There are currently 96 recognized species in this genus:

Cobitis amphilekta Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2012 (Khvalyn spined loach) [4]
Cobitis arachthosensis Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
Cobitis arenae (S. Y. Lin, 1934)
Cobitis australis Y. X. Chen, Y. F. Chen & D. K. He, 2013 [5]
Cobitis avicennae Mousavi-Sabet, Vatandoust, Esmaeili, Geiger & Freyhof, 2015 (Zagros spined loach) [6]
Cobitis baishagensis Y. X. Chen, X. Y. Sui, N. Liang & Y. F. Chen, 2015 [7]
Cobitis battalgili Băcescu, 1962 (Battalgil's spined loach)
Cobitis bilineata Canestrini, 1865
Cobitis bilseli Battalgil, 1942 (Beyşehir spined loach)
Cobitis biwae D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901
Cobitis brevifasciata (I. S. Kim & W. O. Lee, 1995) [1]
Cobitis calderoni Băcescu, 1962
Cobitis choii I. S. Kim & Y. M. Son, 1984 (Choi's spined loach)
Cobitis crassicauda Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013 [8]
Cobitis dalmatina S. L. Karaman, 1928
Cobitis damlae Erk' Akan & Özdemir, 2014 (Dalaman spined loach) [9]
Cobitis delicata Niwa, 1937 [1]
Cobitis dolichorhynchus Nichols, 1918
Cobitis dorademiri Erk' Akan, Özdemir & Özeren, 2017 [10]
Cobitis elazigensis Coad & Sarıeyyüpoglu, 1988 (Tigris spined loach)
Cobitis elongata Heckel & Kner, 1857
Cobitis elongatoides Băcescu & R. F. Mayer, 1969
Cobitis evreni Erk' Akan, Özeren & Nalbant, 2008 (Ceyhan spined loach)
Cobitis fahireae Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Küçük Menderes spined loach)
Cobitis faridpaki Mousavi-Sabet, Vasil'eva, Vatandoust & Vasil'ev, 2011 [11]
Cobitis fasciola Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013 [8]
Cobitis gracilis Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2016 [12]
Cobitis guttatus (V. H. Nguyễn, 2005)
Cobitis hankugensis I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park, Y. M. Son & Nalbant, 2003
Cobitis hellenica Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
Cobitis hereromacula Y. X. Chen, X. Y. Sui, N. Liang & Y. F. Chen, 2015 [7]
Cobitis herzegoviniensis Buj & Šanda, 2014 [13]
Cobitis hugowolfeldi (Nalbant, 1993) [1]
Cobitis illyrica Freyhof & Stelbrink, 2007
Cobitis jadovaensis Mustafić & Mrakovčić, 2008
Cobitis kaibarai Nakajima, 2012 [14]
Cobitis kellei Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Göksu spined loach)
Cobitis koreensis I. S. Kim, 1975 [1]
Cobitis laoensis (Sauvage, 1878)
Cobitis laterimaculata J. P. Yan & M. L. Zheng, 1984 [1]
Cobitis lebedevi Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 1985
Cobitis levantina Krupp & Moubayed-Breil, 1992 (Orontes spined loach)
Cobitis linea (Heckel, 1847)
Cobitis longibarba (Y. F. Chen & Y. X. Chen, 2005) [1]
Cobitis longicorpus I. S. Kim, K. C. Choi & Nalbant, 1976 [1]
Cobitis lutheri Rendahl (de), 1935 (Luther's spined loach) [15]
Cobitis macrostigma Dabry de Thiersant, 1872
Cobitis magnostriata Nakajima, 2012 [14]
Cobitis maroccana Pellegrin, 1929
Cobitis matsubarai Okada & Ikeda, 1939
Cobitis megaspila Nalbant, 1993
Cobitis melanoleuca Nichols, 1925
Cobitis meridionalis S. L. Karaman, 1924
Cobitis microcephala Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2011 [16]
Cobitis minamorii Nakajima, 2012 [14]
Cobitis minhi S. V. Ngô, 2008
Cobitis multifasciata Wakiya & T. Mori, 1929 [1]
Cobitis multimaculata Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2011 [16]
Cobitis nalbanti Vasil'eva, D. M. Kim, Vasil'ev, M. H. Ko & Y. J. Won, 2016 (Nalbant's spined loach) [15]
Cobitis narentana S. L. Karaman, 1928
Cobitis ohridana S. L. Karaman, 1928
Cobitis pacifica I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park & Nalbant, 1999 [1]
Cobitis paludica (F. de Buen, 1930)
Cobitis phrygica Battalgazi, 1944 (Acı spined loach)
Cobitis pontica Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2006 (Pontic spined loach)
Cobitis pumila I. S. Kim & W. O. Lee, 1987 (Puan spined loach) [1]
Cobitis puncticulata Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Spotted spined loach)
Cobitis punctilineata Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
Cobitis rara J. X. Chen, 1981
Cobitis sakahoko Nakajima & Suzawa, 2015 [17]
Cobitis saniae Eagderi, Jouladeh-Roudbar, Jalili, Sayyadzadeh & Esmaeili, 2017 [18]
Cobitis satunini Gladkov, 1935
Cobitis shikokuensis Suzawa, 2006
Cobitis sibirica Gladkov, 1935
Cobitis simplicispina Hankó (hu), 1925 (Sakarya spined loach)
Cobitis sinensis Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874 (Siberian spined loach)
Cobitis sipahilerae Erk' Akan, Özdemir & Özeren, 2017 [10]
Cobitis splendens Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Splendid spined loach)
Cobitis stenocauda Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013 [8]
Cobitis stephanidisi Economidis, 1992
Cobitis striata Ikeda, 1936 [14]
Cobitis strumicae S. L. Karaman, 1955 (Bulgarian spined loach)
Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 (Spined loach)
Cobitis takatsuensis Mizuno, 1970
Cobitis takenoi Nakajima, 2016 [19]
Cobitis tanaitica Băcescu & R. F. Mayer, 1969
Cobitis taurica Vasil'eva, Vasil'ev, Janko, Ráb & Rábová, 2005
Cobitis tetralineata I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park & Nalbant, 1999
Cobitis trichonica Stephanidis, 1974
Cobitis turcica Hankó (hu), 1925 (Turkish spined loach)
Cobitis vardarensis S. L. Karaman, 1928 (Vardar spined loach)
Cobitis vettonica Doadrio & Perdices, 1997
Cobitis xinjiangensis (Y. F. Chen & Y. X. Chen, 2005) [1]
Cobitis ylengensis S. V. Ngô, 2003
Cobitis yongdokensis (I. S. Kim & J. Y. Park, 1997) [1]
Cobitis zanandreai Cavicchioli, 1965
Cobitis zhejiangensis Y. M. Son & S. P. He, 2005

References

Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., Šlechtová, V. & Doadrio, I. (2016): Molecular Evidence for Multiple Origins of the European Spined Loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae). PLoS ONE, 11 (1): e0144628.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Cobitis in FishBase. June 2017 version.
Perdices, A., Bohlen, J. & Doadrio, I. (2008): The molecular diversity of adriatic spined loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46 (1): 382–390.
Vasil'eva, E.D. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2012): Cobitis amphilekta sp. nova, a New Species of Spined Loaches (Cobitidae, Cypriniformes) from the Caspian Sea Basin. Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (3): 200–206.
Chen, Y.-X., Chen, Y.-F. & He, D.-K. (2013): A new species of spined loach (Osteichthyes, Cobitidae) from the Pearl River, Guangxi of China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 38 (2): 377-387.
Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vatandoust, S., Esmaeili, H.R., Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. (2015): Cobitis avicennae, a new species of spined loach from the Tigris River drainage (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa, 3914 (5): 558–568.
Chen, Y., Sui, X., Liang, N. & Chen, Y. (2015): Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from southern China. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 34 (3): 517–525.
Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2013): Three new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Xinjiang and the River Le’anjiang, tributaries of Lake Poyang of China, with remarks on their classification. Folia Zoologica, 62 (2): 83-95.
Erkakan, F. & Özdemir, F. (2014): The first new cave fish species, Cobitis damlae (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 42 (2): 275–279.
Erkakan, F., Özdemir, F. & Özeren, S.C. (2017): Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey. FishTaxa, 2 (2): 82-89.
Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vasil'eva, E.D., Vatandoust, S. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2011): Cobitis faridpaki sp. nova — a New Spined Loach Species (Cobitidae) from the Southern Caspian Sea Basin (Iran). Journal of Ichthyology, 51 (10): 925–931.
Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2016): A new species of the genus Cobitis (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from the Northeast China. Zoological Systematics, 41 (4): 379-391.
Buj, I., Šanda, R., Marčić, Z., Ćaleta, M. & Mrakovčić, M. (2014): Combining Morphology and Genetics in Resolving Taxonomy – A Systematic Revision of Spined Loaches (Genus Cobitis; Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) in the Adriatic Watershed. PLoS ONE, 9 (6): e99833.
Nakajima, J. (2012): Taxonomic study of the Cobitis striata complex (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) in Japan. Zootaxa, 3586: 103–130.
Vasil'eva, E.D., Kim, D., Vasil'ev, V.P., Ko, M.-H. & Won, Y.-J. (2016): Cobitis nalbanti, a new species of spined loach from South Korea, and redescription of Cobitis lutheri (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa, 4208 (6): 577-591.
Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2011): Two new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Nanliu and the River Beiliu, China. Archived 2017-09-21 at the Wayback Machine Folia Zoologica, 60 (2): 143–152.
Nakajima, J. & Suzawa, Y. (2015): Cobitis sakahoko, a new species of spined loach (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from southern Kyushu Island, Japan. Ichthyological Research, 63 (1): 68–78.
Eagderi, S., Jouladeh-Roudbar, A., Jalili, P., Sayyadzadeh, G. & Esmaeili, H.R. (2017): Taxonomic status of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran with description of a new species. FishTaxa, 2 (1): 48-61.
Nakajima, J. (2016): Cobitis takenoi sp. n. (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae): a new spined loach from Honshu Island, Japan. ZooKeys, 568: 119–128.

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[Perdices2016-1] Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., Šlechtová, V. & Doadrio, I. (2016): Molecular Evidence for Multiple Origins of the European Spined Loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae). PLoS ONE, 11 (1): e0144628.

[FB-2] Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Cobitis in FishBase. June 2017 version.

[Perdices2008-3] Perdices, A., Bohlen, J. & Doadrio, I. (2008): The molecular diversity of adriatic spined loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46 (1): 382–390.

[Vasileva2012-4] Vasil'eva, E.D. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2012): Cobitis amphilekta sp. nova, a New Species of Spined Loaches (Cobitidae, Cypriniformes) from the Caspian Sea Basin. Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (3): 200–206.

[Chen2013a-5] Chen, Y.-X., Chen, Y.-F. & He, D.-K. (2013): A new species of spined loach (Osteichthyes, Cobitidae) from the Pearl River, Guangxi of China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 38 (2): 377-387.

[Mousavi2015-6] Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vatandoust, S., Esmaeili, H.R., Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. (2015): Cobitis avicennae, a new species of spined loach from the Tigris River drainage (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa, 3914 (5): 558–568.

[Chen2015-7] Chen, Y., Sui, X., Liang, N. & Chen, Y. (2015): Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from southern China. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 34 (3): 517–525.

[Chen2013-8] Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2013): Three new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Xinjiang and the River Le’anjiang, tributaries of Lake Poyang of China, with remarks on their classification. Folia Zoologica, 62 (2): 83-95.

[Erkakan2014-9] Erkakan, F. & Özdemir, F. (2014): The first new cave fish species, Cobitis damlae (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 42 (2): 275–279.

[Erkakan2017-10] Erkakan, F., Özdemir, F. & Özeren, S.C. (2017): Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey. FishTaxa, 2 (2): 82-89.

[Mousavi2011-11] Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vasil'eva, E.D., Vatandoust, S. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2011): Cobitis faridpaki sp. nova — a New Spined Loach Species (Cobitidae) from the Southern Caspian Sea Basin (Iran). Journal of Ichthyology, 51 (10): 925–931.

[Chen2016-12] Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2016): A new species of the genus Cobitis (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from the Northeast China. Zoological Systematics, 41 (4): 379-391.

[Buj2014-13] Buj, I., Šanda, R., Marčić, Z., Ćaleta, M. & Mrakovčić, M. (2014): Combining Morphology and Genetics in Resolving Taxonomy – A Systematic Revision of Spined Loaches (Genus Cobitis; Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) in the Adriatic Watershed. PLoS ONE, 9 (6): e99833.

[Nakajima2012-14] Nakajima, J. (2012): Taxonomic study of the Cobitis striata complex (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) in Japan. Zootaxa, 3586: 103–130.

[Vasileva2016-15] Vasil'eva, E.D., Kim, D., Vasil'ev, V.P., Ko, M.-H. & Won, Y.-J. (2016): Cobitis nalbanti, a new species of spined loach from South Korea, and redescription of Cobitis lutheri (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa, 4208 (6): 577-591.

[Chen2011-16] Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2011): Two new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Nanliu and the River Beiliu, China. Archived 2017-09-21 at the Wayback Machine Folia Zoologica, 60 (2): 143–152.

[Nakajima2015-17] Nakajima, J. & Suzawa, Y. (2015): Cobitis sakahoko, a new species of spined loach (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from southern Kyushu Island, Japan. Ichthyological Research, 63 (1): 68–78.

[Eagderi2017-18] Eagderi, S., Jouladeh-Roudbar, A., Jalili, P., Sayyadzadeh, G. & Esmaeili, H.R. (2017): Taxonomic status of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran with description of a new species. FishTaxa, 2 (1): 48-61.

[Nakajima2016-19] Nakajima, J. (2016): Cobitis takenoi sp. n. (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae): a new spined loach from Honshu Island, Japan. ZooKeys, 568: 119–128.