Courts of appeal in Sweden

The courts of appeal have jurisdiction in appeals from the district courts. The territorial jurisdiction (Swedish: domkrets), dividing Sweden into nine court districts, is based on the geographic boundaries of several district courts, as prescribed by the government. The courts of appeal are:[3]

Name	Founded	Arms	Seat
Svea Court of Appeal	1614		Stockholm
Göta Court of Appeal	1634		Jönköping
Scania and Blekinge Court of Appeal	1821		Malmö
Court of Appeal for Western Sweden	1948		Göteborg
Court of Appeal for Southern Norrland	1948		Sundsvall
Court of Appeal for Northern Norrland	1936		Umeå

The largest is Svea Court of Appeal, covering fifteen judicial districts.[1] In the courts of appeal, a judge other than the president of a court or a division of a court is titled Judge of Appeal (Swedish: hovrättsråd). A judge who presides over a division is titled Senior Judge of Appeal (Swedish: hovrättslagman), and the head official of the appellate court is titled President, Court of Appeal (Swedish: hovrättspresident).[4][5]

Approximately 650 people work for the courts of appeal in Sweden. Each court of appeal is divided into a number of departments, headed by a Senior Judge of Appeal or the President. There are also more than 600 lay judges (Swedish: nämndeman) linked to the courts of appeal. Lay judges are laymen, not legally qualified representatives of the people, appointed by the county councils, serving four years at a time. The appellate court make use of lay judges in criminal cases only.[1][6]

The main rule in civil cases is that the appellate court should consist of three legally qualified judges, but there are some exceptions to this rule. At least four legally qualified judges are required to sit for the adjudication of the case, if the district court consisted of three legally qualified judges. If one of the legally qualified judges is prevented from adjudicating after the commencement of the main hearing, the bench nevertheless constitutes a quorum.[3][6]

In criminal cases, three legally qualified judges and two lay judges constitute a quorum. If there is no reason to impose a sanction more severe than fines in a criminal case, three legally qualified judges constitute a quorum. If one of the legally qualified judges or one of the lay judges are prevented from adjudicating after the commencement of the main hearing, the bench nevertheless constitutes a quorum.[3][6]

Svea Court of Appeal is, in addition to its regular responsibilities as the appellate court for the districts, also responsible for appeals for some of the special courts, like the rent tribunals. The Land and Environment Court of Appeal (Swedish: Mark- och miljööverdomstolen) and the Patent and Market Court of Appeal (Swedish: Patent- och marknadsöverdomstolen) are also part of the Svea Court of Appeal.[1]

A leave to appeal is required for a case to be considered by the highest instance in civil and criminal cases, the Supreme Court. This is granted by the Supreme Court itself, and only done when it is deemed important to establish a precedent for the lower courts.[7]

Court of Appeal for Northern Norrland Gällivare Haparanda Luleå Lycksele Skellefteå Umeå   Court of Appeal for Southern Norrland Gävle Hudiksvall Sundsvall Ångermanland Östersund   Svea Court of Appeal Attunda Eskilstuna Falun Gotland Mora Nacka Norrtälje Nyköping Solna Stockholm Södertälje Södertörn Uppsala Västmanland

Göta Court of Appeal Eksjö Jönköping Kalmar Linköping Norrköping Skaraborg Växjö Örebro   Court of Appeal for Western Sweden Alingsås Borås Gothenburg Halmstad Uddevalla Varberg Vänersborg Värmland   Scania and Blekinge Court of Appeal Blekinge Helsingborg Hässleholm Kristianstad Lund Malmö Ystad

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The map shows geographic boundaries of the general courts, i.e. the district courts and its appellate court.

• Judiciary of Sweden
• Crime in Sweden

1.^ List of district courts on the official website of the Swedish National Courts Administration and SFS 1982:996.