Crustacyanin

Crustacyanin is a carotenoprotein biological pigment found in the exoskeleton of lobsters and responsible for their blue colour.[1] β-Crustacyanin (β-CR), is composed of two stacked astaxanthin carotenoids that absorb at λ = 580–590 nm (2.10–2.14 eV).[2] α-crustacyanin (α-CR) is an assembly of eight β-CR protein dimers. It is a 320 kDa (atomic mass) complex containing 16 astaxanthin molecules.[3] Although the β-CR dimer has a peak wavelength of 580 nm, α-CR exhibits a bathochromic shift to 632 nm; the mechanism and function of the additional wavelength shift is not understood.[3]

Crustacyanin is a biological pigment responsible for giving lobsters their blue colour.

References
  1. Quarmby, R., Nordens, D.A., Zagalsky, P.F., Ceccaldi, H.J. and Daumas, R. (1977). "Studies on the quaternary structure of the lobster exoskeleton carotenoprotein, crustacyanin". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B. 56 (1): 55–61. doi:10.1016/0305-0491(77)90222-x. PMID 830471.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. Gamiz‐Hernandez, A.P., Angelova, I.N., Send, R., Sundholm, D., and Kaila, V.R. (2015). "Protein‐induced color shift of carotenoids in β‐Crustacyanin". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 54 (39): 11564–11566. doi:10.1002/anie.201501609. PMID 26220698.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Rhys, N.H., Wang, M.C., Jowitt, T.A., Helliwell, J.R., Grossmann, J.G. and Baldock, C. (2011). "Deriving the ultrastructure of α-crustacyanin using lower-resolution structural and biophysical methods". Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. 18 (1): 79–83. doi:10.1107/s0909049510034977. PMC 3004261. PMID 21169698.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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