Division 1-A Rugby

Division 1-A Rugby (formerly known as the College Premier Division) is the highest level of college rugby within the United States and is administered by USA Rugby. Division 1-A rugby is modeled after NCAA athletic competitions, with the 67 D1-A rugby schools divided into eight conferences: East, Mid-South, Rocky Mountain, California, Big Ten, Liberty, Red River, and PAC.

Division 1-A Rugby (D1A Rugby)
SportRugby union
Formerly known asCollege Premier Division
Instituted2010 (2010)
Inaugural seasonFirst championship in 1980, became Premier Division in 2011
Number of teams67
CountryUnited States (USA Rugby)
HoldersLife University (4th title) (2018)
Most titlesCalifornia (26 titles)
Websited1arugby.com
Broadcast partnerCBSSN, ESPN+

The regular season sees all teams in the conference play one another, with the two top seeds qualifying for the playoffs. Playoffs are a single-elimination format, occurring each year in April and May, with the winner of D1-A declared the National Champion.[1] Regular seasons for most conferences are played in the spring, although some cold-weather conferences, such as the Big Ten Universities, play their regular season in the fall.

The competition's first season was played during 2011 and consisted of teams from 31 schools from across the United States. The first ever match of the competition was played on Friday March 4, the Arizona State Sun Devils hosted the Colorado Buffaloes at the Arizona State University Soccer Stadium in Tempe, Arizona.[2] The 2011 final was played at Rio Tinto Stadium, in Sandy, Utah, on the 21 May 2011.

D1-A Rugby secured sponsorships in 2012 with World Rugby Shop and Veloce.

Several players who have excelled in the top level competitions in college rugby have also represented their country as part of the United States national under-20 rugby union team or the All Americans rugby union team.

Formation

History of college rugby in the U.S.

A group of British Army officers organized a game of rugby against the students of McGill University (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) in 1865; the Canadians were so enamored of the game that they decided to continue to play football by the Rugby code. In 1874 McGill organized two games of football against Harvard, one was played under Harvard's rules, the other being a game of rugby. After this game, the Harvard students also decided to adopt rugby, making them the first American institution to do so. Columbia, Princeton and Yale were persuaded by Harvard to play football according to the Rugby School code in 1876, these four colleges thus formed the Intercollegiate Football Association (IFA), an organization that eventually expanded to become the "Ivy League." In fact, the governing body of all American intercollegiate varsity sports, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) traces its roots to the IFA and is thus a product of rugby rather than any of the sports it now governs.

1920 USA Olympic Rugby Team.

By 1886 the Yale coach Walter Camp had modified rugby's rules in order to solve the problem of tackled players lying on the ball by introducing a series of four downs to gain ten yards; ironically in the same year the Rugby Football Union in England solved the same problem by requiring that tackled players release the ball. This is still one of the most fundamental differences between Rugby Union and American Football but one further modification, that of allowing one forward pass per down, was suggested by the Notre Dame coach Knute Rockne which, when accepted in 1905, gave rise to that distinctly American form of football.

1924 USA Olympic Rugby Team.

Around the turn of the century American football was being frowned upon for its violence. Publication of graphic photographs of a harsh game between Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania[3] caused a stir; President Theodore Roosevelt was forced to insist upon reform or abolition of the game. During this period of uncertainty, rugby made a brief but important reappearance in many colleges, most notably at the University of California and at Stanford. It was Stanford that supplied most of the players to the two US Olympic rugby teams, along with Santa Clara University and the University of California. (1920 & 1924) who claimed fame by winning both Gold medals (as 1924 was the last time the Olympic Games staged a rugby competition, this will make the USA the defending Olympic Champions when rugby is re-introduced, after almost a century in 2016).

In 1934, there was only one official rugby body in the United States, the Eastern Rugby Union, with a total of 9 member teams. By 1950, there were 30 clubs in the US, existing only in small pockets on the East and West Coasts.

It was not until the mid-1960s that rugby began to re-appear with regular fixtures and competitions; the game suited the mildly anarchistic temperament of American College students of the period; it required minimal costs for the individual, the style of the game provided constant action, there was an emphasis on enjoyment rather than winning because rugby was not part of the now rigidly institutionalized athletic system that American Universities had developed. The formation of the United States of America Rugby Football Union (USARFU, now USA Rugby) in 1976 was a major organizational milestone for the sport in the US, and by 1980 there were over 1,000 clubs nationwide.

In 2011, there were 2433 clubs in the United States with more than 88,000 registered players, approximately 40% of which are college players (about three-quarters being male and one quarter female).[4]

The 2011 CPD participants, colored by conference
Pacific gold -- West green -- Mid-South blue -- East red

Formation of Division 1-A

Prior to the formation of Division 1-A, there had been some difficulty in determining how many teams each territory would send to the Sweet 16 tournament, as the relative strengths of the rugby teams in each territory fluctuated over time, and despite the disparity in the levels of rugby, it was politically difficult to deny a union any playoff bids, even though the team that came third or fourth in a more powerful territory might be a better side. Further problems occurred because of the different competitive seasons across the continent; in the East the league season is played in the fall while in the South and West spring is the primary season, so this structure was frequently open to criticism.

Because of these issues, and to raise the level of rugby in the consciousness of the American public, USA Rugby restructured Division 1 college rugby. In 2010, several of the top college teams agreed to form the College Premier League to begin play in spring 2011.[5] USA Rugby and the top colleges believed that an elite level college rugby competition would make it easier to get college rugby onto TV and attract sponsors.[5] USA Rugby also believed that a higher level college competition would develop players to potentially play for the U.S. national team.[6]

D1-A Championships

Year Venue Metro Area Champion Score Runners-up Attend TV Coverage Semi-finalists
2011 Rio Tinto StadiumSalt Lake City, UTCalifornia21–14BYU11,000ESPN3 / ESPNUArkansas St. / Utah
2012 Rio Tinto StadiumSalt Lake City, UTBYU49–42Arkansas St.8,733ESPN3Life University / St. Mary's
2013 UNCG Soccer StadiumGreensboro, NCLife University16–14St. Mary's (CA)4,000ESPN3 / ESPNUArkansas St. / Cal Poly
2014 Steuber Rugby StadiumPalo Alto, CASt. Mary's (CA)21–6Life University4,000USA Rugby TVArkansas St. / Lindenwood
2015 Fifth Third Bank StadiumAtlanta, GASt. Mary's (CA)30–24Life University3,100ESPN3Lindenwood / Davenport
2016 St. Mary's StadiumMoraga, CALife University24–20St. Mary's (CA)2,000Rugby ChannelLindenwood / Utah
2017 St. Mary's StadiumMoraga, CASt. Mary's (CA)30–24Life University2,000CBSSNBYU / Arizona
2018 Stevens StadiumSanta Clara, CALife University60–5California4,000CBSSNPenn State / Lindenwood
2019 Stevens StadiumSanta Clara, CALife University29–26California4,000CBSSNSt. Mary's (CA) / Lindenwood

Previous Division 1 Championships

The earliest claims to a national title go back to the mid-1960s when Sports Illustrated Magazine started demonstrating an interest in Collegiate rugby. During the 1965-1966 season, the University of Notre Dame won several cups and tournaments and, in the absence of a bona fide national championship, Sports Illustrated named them unofficial Collegiate Rugby Champions.[7] The next year, under the authority of USARFU, Notre Dame played a match on April 8, 1967 against California at Memorial Stadium for the unofficial national championship, again as a result of both teams being highly rated by Sports Illustrated; Cal won 37-3.[8]

The first official National Collegiate Championship series began in 1980. Rugby in the United States is divided into territorial unions (the Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Northeast, Pacific Coast, the South, Southern California and the West),[a] each of these unions organise collegiate rugby into "Division One" and "Division Two" league competitions, generally with promotion and relegation between the divisions. Between 1980 and 2010 each Territory qualified Division One and Two teams for the Sweet 16 of a D1 and D2 National championship.

California was dominant in Division One for the 31 years that the competition was run in this format, winning 28 titles, (26 in Division 1 & 2 in the Varsity Cup Championship). Air Force has won three titles; San Diego State and Brigham Young University have each won one D1 national championship but two in the Varsity Cup with one having been stripped.[9]

Year Location Champion Score Runner-up 3rd Place 4th Place
1980Davenport, IACalifornia15–9Air ForceIllinoisNavy
1981Dayton, OHCalifornia6–3 OTHarvardMiami (OH)Kansas St.
1982Greeley, COCalifornia15–14Life CollegeMichiganNew Mexico St.
1983Athens, GACalifornia13–3Air ForceNavyIllinois
1984Pebble Beach, CAHarvard12–4ColoradoLong Beach St.Miami (OH)
1985Pebble Beach, CACalifornia31–6MarylandColoradoIllinois
1986Pebble Beach, CACalifornia6–4DartmouthAir ForceBowling Green
1987Pebble Beach, CASan Diego State10–9Air ForceBowling GreenDartmouth
1988Pebble Beach, CACalifornia9–3DartmouthAir ForceBowling Green
1989Colorado Springs, COAir Force25–7Penn StateArmyLong Beach St.
1990Pebble Beach, CAAir Force18–12ArmyOhio StateLong Beach St.
1991Houston, TXCalifornia20–14ArmyOhio StateWyoming
1992Colorado Springs, COCalifornia27–17ArmyAir ForcePenn State
1993Houston, TXCalifornia36–6Air ForceHarvardWisconsin
1994Washington, DCCalifornia27–13NavyAir ForcePenn State
1995Berkeley, CACalifornia48–16Air ForcePenn StateArmy
1996Colorado Springs, COCalifornia47–6Penn StateStanfordNavy
1997Berkeley, CACalifornia41–15Penn StateUC DavisStanford
1998San Francisco, CACalifornia34–15StanfordNavyIndiana Univ.
1999San Francisco, CACalifornia36–5Penn StateNavyArmy
2000Tampa Bay, FLCalifornia62–16WyomingArmyIndiana Univ. of PA (IUP)
2001Virginia Beach, VACalifornia86–11Penn StateNavyArmy
2002Virginia Beach, VACalifornia43–22UtahArmyWyoming
2003Stanford, CAAir Force45–37HarvardCaliforniaArmy
2004Stanford, CACalifornia46–24Cal Poly, SLONavy / Air Force
2005Stanford, CACalifornia44–7UtahBYU / Navy
2006Stanford, CACalifornia29–26BYUUtah / Penn State
2007Stanford, CACalifornia37–7BYUNavy / Penn State
2008Stanford, CACalifornia59–7BYUSt. Mary's / Colorado
2009Stanford, CABYU25–22CaliforniaArmy / San Diego State
2010Stanford, CACalifornia19–7BYUArkansas State / Army

Participants

Map of Conferences in D1-A Rugby

East

East Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Army Patriot League West Point, NY Matt Sherman Anderson Complex, Warrior Field 1961 2011
Kutztown D2 – PSAC Kutztown, PA Dr. Gregg Jones Luckenbill Avenue Rugby Pitch 1984[10] 2011
Penn State Big 10 State College, PA Don Ferrell PSU West Campus Pitch 1962[11] 2011
St. Bonaventure A-10 Allegany, NY Tui Osbourne Marra Athletics Complex 1975 2014
Mary Washington D3 - CAC Fredericksburg, VA 2019
Notre Dame College D2 - MEC South Euclid, OH

Liberty

Liberty Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Empire
AlbanyAECAlbany, New YorkJohn Durant
BuffaloMACBuffalo, New York
BrockportD3 - SUNYACBrockport, New YorkBarton Pareschi
ColgatePatriot LeagueHamilton, New York
CortlandD3 - SUNYACCortland, New York
BinghamtonAECVestal, New York
SyracuseACCSyracuse, New YorkBob Wilson1969
I-95
American InternationalD2 - NE10Springfield, MARonald J. Abdow Field2018
FordhamA-10Bronx, New York
IonaMAACNew Rochelle, NYBruce McLane19772014
RutgersBig TenPiscataway, New Jersey
Stony BrookAECStony Brook, New York
New England
Boston CollegeACCChestnut Hill, MARob ConwayAlumni Stadium1968
FairfieldMAACFairfield, Connecticut1963
NortheasternCAABoston, Massachusetts
Rhode IslandA-10Kingston, Rhode Island
TuftsD3 - NESCACMedford, Massachusetts
UConnAACStorrs, ConnecticutBob Merola
UMassA-10Amherst, Massachusetts

Mid-South

Mid-South Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Lindenwood D2 - MIAA St. Charles, Missouri Josh Macy Harlen C. Hunter Stadium 2011 2013
Life (NAIA - MSC) Marietta, Georgia Dan Payne Life University Sports Complex 1980 2011
Davenport (NAIA D2 - GLIAC) Caledonia, Michigan Kruger Van Biljon Turf Field 2009 2012
Arkansas State Sun Belt Conference Jonesboro, Arkansas Blake White 2011
Clemson ACC Clemson, SC Steve Lynch National Athletic Village Field 1967
Navy Patriot League and AAC Annapolis, Maryland Gavin Hickie 1963 2011

California

California Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium (capacity) Founded Joined D1-A
Cal Poly BWC San Luis Obispo, CA David Burnett Cal Poly Sports Complex 2011
Saint Mary's WCC Moraga, CA Tim O'Brien St. Mary's Stadium (5,500) 2011
San Diego State MW San Diego, CA Jason Merrill ENS 700 Field 1958 2012
UC Santa Barbara BWC Santa Barbara, CA 2012
Santa Clara WCC Santa Clara, CA Paul Keeler 1961 2012
UC Davis BWC Davis, CA Andy Malpass 2016
Grand Canyon WAC Phoenix, Arizona

Rocky Mountain

Rocky Mountain Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
BYU WCC Provo, Utah Steve St. Pierre South Field 1962 2011
Air Force MW Colorado Springs, CO Denny Merideth 1968 2011
Colorado Pac-12 Boulder, Colorado Sean Edris[12] Kittredge Field 2011
Colorado State MW Fort Collins, Colorado Justin Mort[13] 1970 2011
Wyoming MW Laramie, Wyoming 2011
Utah State MW Logan, Utah Zac Root[14] USU Legacy Field 1967 2016
New Mexico Mountain West Albuquerque, NM Johnson Field 2012
UVU WAC Orem, Utah

Big Ten

Big Ten Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Illinois Big Ten Champaign, Illinois
Indiana Big Ten Bloomington, Indiana
Michigan Big Ten Ann Arbor, Michigan
Michigan State Big Ten East Lansing, Michigan
Minnesota Big Ten Minneapolis, Minnesota
Ohio State Big Ten Columbus, Ohio
Purdue Big Ten West Lafayette, Indiana
Wisconsin Big Ten Madison, Wisconsin

Red River Conference

Red River Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Baylor Big 12 Waco, TX
Texas Big 12 Austin, TX
LSU SEC Baton Rouge, LA
Oklahoma Big 12 Norman, OK
North Texas Conference USA Denton, TX
Texas A&M SEC College Station, TX
Texas Tech Big 12 Lubbock, TX

PAC

PAC Conference
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Arizona Pac-12 Tucson, AZ
California Pac-12 Berkeley, CA
UCLA Pac-12 Westwood, CA
Utah Pac-12 Salt Lake City, UT

Independent

Independent Teams
School NCAA Conf. City Coach Stadium Founded Joined D1-A
Central Washington D2 - GNAC Ellensburg, Washington
Notre Dame ACC Notre Dame, Indiana

Rankings

Notes:

  • Green shading indicates the highest-ranked team to debut in the rankings that year. Silver shading indicates the team that increased the largest number of places in the rankings that year.
  • 2012: Cal was not included in the D1A rankings because it withdrew from D1A mid-season.
  • 2013: Utah was not ranked because its rugby program was suspended by the school. Central Florida, and Bowling Green were new to the rankings; they had been ranked #17 and #19 respectively in D1-AA during the previous 2012 season.
  • 2014: Army was ranked low, due in large part to the team's suspension during the season.

2011 season

Notable events

  • First Season of the College Premier Division
  • Funding for Cal Rugby, which previously was announced would be dropped,[23] was restored after additional funding was raised by donors, alumni and fans.[24]
  • Life University participated in its first playoff game in school history[25]
  • BYU hosted its first rugby playoff game in club history.[26]
  • BYU and California played for the national championship for the 6th consecutive year (2006-10 in USA Rugby Collegiate Tournament, 2011 USA Rugby College Premier Division)

Regular season

Records and final standings for 2011.[27]

Playoffs and final

Quarterfinals (May 7–8)
@Higher Seed
Semi-Finals (May 14)
Infinity Park, Glendale, CO
ESPN3
Championship (May 21)
Rio Tinto Stadium, Sandy, UT
ESPN3/ESPNU
         
W1 Brigham Young 64
E2 Navy 12
W1 Brigham Young 36
MS1 Arkansas State 15
MS1 Arkansas State 30
PC2 St. Mary's (CA) 17
W1 Brigham Young 14
PC1 California 21
PC1 California 43
MS2 Life University 10
PC1 California 62
W2 Utah 14
E1 Army 26
W2 Utah 32

After the season

2012 season

Regular season

Records and final standings for 2012.[28]

x-Conference champion
y-Qualified for playoffs

Playoffs and final

Quarterfinals (May 5)
@Higher Seed
Semi-Finals (May 12)
Location determined by Quarterfinal results
Championship (May 19)
Rio Tinto Stadium; Sandy, UT
ESPN3
         
W1 Brigham Young 103
PC2 UCLA 24
W1 Brigham Young 26
MS1 Life University 20
MS1 Life University 75
E2 Penn State 3
W1 Brigham Young 49
MS2 Arkansas State 42
E1 Army 20
MS2 Arkansas State 36
MS2 Arkansas State 31
PC1 Saint Mary's 17
PC1 Saint Mary's 24
W2 Utah 15

After the season

  • Nine schools from the Big-10 joined Ohio State in D1-A and formed the Big Ten Universities conference.
  • Texas A&M and Oklahoma were joined by several other Texas schools to form the Allied Rugby Conference, composed mostly of Big-12 South schools.
  • The Pacific Coast Conference was renamed the California Conference, several former D1-AA California schools were promoted to this conference, and Central Washington became an independent D1-A school.
  • D1-AA champion Davenport was promoted to D1-A and joined the Mid-South Conference.
  • UCLA, Utah, Arizona and Arizona State moved from their respective past conferences to the newly formed D1-A PAC Rugby Conference.
  • BYU moved from Division 1A to the D1-AA Mountain States Conference; Navy moved from D1-A to the Atlantic Coast Rugby League; and Rutgers moved from D1-A to the Empire Rugby Conference.

2013 season

x = conference champion and automatic quarterfinal berth
y = conference runner-up and eligible for playoffs
z = conference champion and eligible for playoffs

Playoffs and final

Quarterfinals (April 27)
@ Higher Seed
Semi-Finals (May 4)
@ Higher Seed
Final (May 18)
Greensboro, NC
ESPN3/ESPNU
         
Cal1 St. Mary's 65
W2 Colorado 25
Cal1 St. Mary's 58
Cal2 Cal Poly 24
W1 Colorado State 19
Cal2 Cal Poly 40
Cal1 St. Mary's 14
M/S2 Life University 16
M/S1 Arkansas State 31
East2 Kutztown 10
M/S1 Arkansas State 13
M/S2 Life University 18
East1 Army 29
M/S2 Life University 55

After the season

2014 season

Playoffs and final

Quarterfinals (April 26)
@ Higher Seed
Semifinals (May 3)
@ Higher Seed
Final (May 10)
Stanford, CA
USA Rugby TV
         
St. Mary's 103
Santa Clara 10
St. Mary's 72
Lindenwood 7
Lindenwood 64
Davenport 32
St. Mary's 21
Life University 6
Arkansas State 43
Cal Poly SLO 12
Arkansas State 27
Life University 34
Life University 57
Colorado 3

After the season

2015 season

For the 2014–2015 school year, a number of conferences — particularly those in the colder northeast and upper midwest — played their regular seasons in the fall.

Playoffs and final

Quarterfinals (April 25) Semifinals (May 2) Final (May 9)
         
M1 Life 64
E2 Penn State 3
M1 Life 43
M3 Lindenwood 14
W1 Air Force 12
M3 Lindenwood 59
M1 Life 24
C1 St. Mary's 30
E1 Army 24
M2 Davenport 50
M2 Davenport 32
C1 St. Mary's 48
C1 St. Mary's 72
Utah 26

2016 season

Playoffs

Quarterfinals Semifinals Final
         
1 St. Mary's (CA) 77
Air Force 17
St. Mary's (CA) 81
Utah 32
4 Utah 36
Arizona 14
St. Mary's (CA) 20
Life Univ 24
2 Life Univ 44
Davenport 0
Life Univ. 41
Lindenwood 7
3 Lindenwood 36
Indiana 28

2017

Playoffs

Quarterfinals
April 22
Semifinals
April 29
Final
May 6
         
1 St. Mary's (CA) 72
9 San Diego State 5
1 St. Mary's (CA) 43
14 Arizona 7
14 Arizona 48
16 Baylor 5
1 St. Mary's (CA) 30
2 Life Univ 24
Lindenwood 20
2 Life Univ. 37
2 Life Univ. 36
3 BYU 26
3 BYU 44
7 Indiana 17

After the season

The Varsity Cup folded in November 2017 when the organizer, broadcast partner and a major sponsor, Penn Mutual, withdrew their support.[29]

2018

Standings

Source: As of April 14

Playoffs

Sweet 16
(April 14)
Elite Eight
(April 21)
Final Four
(April 28)
National Championship Game
(May 5)
            
1 Saint Mary's 58
16 Cal Poly 22
1 Saint Mary's 22
9 Lindenwood 43
8 Texas A&M 12
9 Lindenwood 83
9 Lindenwood 22
3 California 43
6 Indiana 0
11 Navy 47
11 Navy 27
3 California 33
3 California 85
14 Grand Canyon 14
3 California 5
2 Life 60
2 Life 87
15 Central Washington 7
2 Life 44
10 Army 10
7 Colorado State 15
10 Army 52
2 Life 69
5 Penn State 14
5 Penn State 51
12 Arizona 34
5 Penn State 48
4 BYU 46
4 BYU 34
13 Arkansas State 23

2019

Playoffs

Sweet 16
(April 13)
Elite Eight
(April 20)
Final Four
(April 27)
National Championship Game
(May 4)
            
1 California 141
8 UC Davis 3
1 California 61
4 Arizona 16
4 Arizona 28
5 Central Washington 19
1 California 28
WEST
2 Saint Mary's 24
3 BYU 50
6 UCLA 12
3 BYU 12
2 Saint Mary's 71
2 Saint Mary's 74
7 Grand Canyon 12
1 California 26
1 Life 29
1 Life 34
8 Penn State 3
1 Life 40
5 Navy 25
4 Oklahoma 0
5 Navy 71
1 Life 27
EAST
6 Lindenwood 19
3 Wisconsin 0
6 Lindenwood 97
6 Lindenwood 22
7 Arkansas State 18
2 Army 24
7 Arkansas State 31

[30]

See also

Notes

a. ^ There are also four independent State Unions (Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho and Montana).[31]

References

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