Dual-mode bus

A dual-mode bus is a bus that can run independently on power from two different sources, typically electricity from overhead lines (in the same way as trolleybuses) or batteries, alternated with conventional fossil fuel (generally diesel fuel).

This article is about buses that can operate from two independent fuel sources. For other hybrid technologies, see Hybrid electric bus and Fuel cell bus.
Boston Neoplan AN460LF dual-mode trolleybus, operating in diesel mode (with its trolley poles lowered)

In contrast to other hybrid buses, dual-mode buses can run forever exclusively on their electric power source (wires). Several of the examples listed below involve the use of dual-mode buses to travel through a tunnel on electric overhead power.

Many modern trolleybuses are equipped with auxiliary propulsion systems, either using a small diesel engine or battery power, allowing movement away from the overhead wires, called "off-wire" movement, but such vehicles are generally not considered to be dual-mode buses if their off-wire capability is very limited. Examples include the fleet of about 300 trolleybuses in San Francisco[1] and the trolleybuses used on a 2005-opened system in Rome, Italy,[2] which are capable of running on battery power only for short distances or short periods of time before needing recharging. The Rome vehicles are powered from overhead trolley wires over most of the 11.5-km route and only use battery power on the 500-metre section closest to the city centre.[2] Dual mode trolleybuses in a number of Chinese cities can operate significant distances (8 to 10 km) off-wire on battery power.[3]

Examples
The Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel was served exclusively by dual-mode buses from its opening in 1990 until the early 2000s.
A dual-mode bus in Ploiești, Romania, 2010.
This transport-related list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

See also

Media related to Dual-mode buses at Wikimedia Commons

References
  1. "About Trolley Buses". San Francisco MTA. Retrieved 2009-12-15.
  2. Webb, Mary (ed.) (2009). Jane's Urban Transport Systems 2009-2010, p. 195. Coulsdon (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0-7106-2903-6.
  3. 张侃理. "上海无轨电车"复兴":全换成新型辫子车 车辆增加两倍-无轨电车 辫子 高油价时代 混搭 上海公交-上海频道-东方网". sh.eastday.com. Retrieved 2017-10-11.
  4. "北京多措并举治理PM2.5 一微克一微克往下抠-新华网". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
  5. Dave Chick. "Castellon". British Trolleybus Society. Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-10.
  6. "Castellón-de-la-Playa (sic) Trolleybus Photos". Retrieved 2009-01-10.
  7. "A First in Spain: Optiguide for Castellon's Trolleybus Line". Retrieved 2009-01-11.
  8. "Castellón de la playa notes". Retrieved 2009-01-10.
  9. "Retired - Breda 5000 dual-mode bus". Retrieved 2009-12-04.
  10. "Breda Articulated Trolley Bus". Retrieved 2009-12-04.
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