French ironclad Dévastation

The Dévastation was an Dévastation-class ironclad battleship of the French Navy of central battery (casemate) design. She was used as a school ship for manoeuvres.

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Dévastation.
History
France
Name: Dévastation
Builder: Lorient
Laid down: 20 December 1875[1]
Launched: 19 August 1879[1]
Completed: 15 July 1882[1]
Out of service: 1922[2]
Fate: Scrapped 1923[1]
General characteristics
Class and type: Dévastation class battleship
Type: Battleship with central battery and barbettes
Displacement:
  • 9,659 tonnes
  • 10,090 tonnes full load[1]
Length:
  • 95 m (312 ft) between perpendiculars
  • 98.70 m waterline
  • 10.25 m overall[1]
Beam: 21.25 m (69.7 ft)[1]
Draught:
  • 7.51 m (24.6 ft) loaded draught forward
  • 8.10 m loaded draught aft
  • 7.80 m loaded draught amidships[1]
Depth of hold: 7.34 m (24.1 ft)[1]
Installed power: 12 boilers, 2 Woolf triple expansion engines totally 8,000 ihp (6,000 kW)[1]
Propulsion: twin screw (5.24 m diameter) + sail
Sail plan: ship rig, sail area 1,833 m²[1]
Speed: 15 kn (28 km/h) at full load (steam)[1]
Range: 3,100 nmi (5,700 km) at 10 kn (19 km/h) (steam)[1]
Complement: 689[2]
Armament:
  • As built:
  • 4 × 34cm/18 model 1875
  • 4 × 27cm/18 model 1870M
  • 6 × 14cm model 1870M
  • 18 × 37mm Hotchkiss revolving cannon
  • 4 × 14in torpedo tubes
  • State in May 1896:
  • 4 × 320mm/25 model 1870-81
  • 4 × 274.4mm model 1875
  • 6 × 138.6mm
  • 2 × 65mm
  • 6 × 47mm QF
  • 20 × 37mm QF
  • 2 × 14in torpedo tubes
  • After March 1902 refit:
  • 4 × 274.4mm model 1893
  • 2 × 240mm/40 model 1893/96
  • 10 × 100mm model 1891 and 1892
  • 14 × 47mm QF
  • 2 × 37mm QF[1][2]
Armour:
  • wrought iron
  • 38cm belt amidships
  • 24cm redoubt
  • 6cm main deck[1]

In 1922, she sank off Lorient, France. She was refloated on 18 April 1927.[3]

Commanding officers of Dévastation
Date Commanding Officer
6 October 1880 Captain Rallier[1]
18 August 1882 Captain Boucheron de Boissondy[1]
16 December 1882 Captain Olliver[1]
25 December 1884 Captain Dupuis[1]
31 January 1885 Captain Le Bourgeois[1]
11 December 1886 Captain Dieulouard[1]
27 December 1887 Captain Boulineau[1]
26 November 1890 Captain Floucaud de Fourcroy[1]
27 August 1891 Captain Gigon[1]
24 September 1892 Captain Caillard[1]
20 February 1893 Captain Marquis[1]
13 June 1893 Captain Pissere[1]
9 March 1895 Captain Antoine[1]
19 March 1896 Captain Bellue[1]
20 May 1897 Captain Cordier[1]
29 November 1897 Captain Fortin[1]
26 January 1901 Captain Simon (EP)[1]

Flag officers flying their flag in Dévastation
Start End Flag Officer
1 August 1882 14 November 1882 Vice-Admiral Thomasset,
C-in-C, Reserve Squadron[1]
17 February 1885 17 January 1886 Rear-Admiral Rallier,
Evolutionary Squadron[1]
17 January 1886 18 December 1887 Rear-Admiral Devaresse,
Evolutionary Squadron[1]
18 December 1887 27 October 1889 Rear-Admiral Alquier,
Evolutionary Squadron[1]
15 October 1892 11 March 1893 Rear-Admiral Buge,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
12 March 1893 17 June 1893 Rear-Admiral Dupont,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
18 June 1893 14 March 1895 Rear-Admiral Gadaud,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
14 March 1895 5 May 1896 Rear-Admiral Maigret,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
5 May 1896 7 February 1897 Rear-Admiral Pottier,
commanding a division of the
E. Mediterranean & Levant Squadron[1]
20 January 1898 14 March 1898 Rear-Admiral Godin,
commanding the Division of the Reserve[1]

Note: Rear-admirals of the Evolutionary Squadron were under the command of the vice-admiral of the squadron.

French ironclad Dévastation (in the middle of the photo) in Brest, 1912

Footnotes
  1. Saibène, Marc, Les Cuirasses Redoutable, Dévastation, Courbet, Programme de 1872, pub Marine Édition, ISBN 2-909675-16-5
  2. Chesnau, Roger and Kolesnik, Eugene (Ed.) Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905. Conway Maritime Press, 1979. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4
  3. "(untitled)". The Times (44559). London. 19 April 1927. col F, p. 12.
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