Gastrique

Gastrique is caramelized sugar, deglazed with vinegar or other sour liquids, used as a sweet and sour flavoring for sauces.[1]

Scallop with a tangerine gastrique

The gastrique is generally added to a fond, reduced stock or brown sauce. It is also used to flavor sauces such as tomato sauce, savory fruit sauces and others, such as the orange sauce for duck à l'orange.

The term is often broadened to mean any sweet and sour sauce, e.g. citrus gastrique or mango gastrique.[2] An agrodolce is a similar sauce found in Italian cuisine.

History

Caramel dissolved in vinegar is used by Escoffier in 1903, with no special name, just described as "sucre cuit au caramel blond, dissous avec 1 décilitre de vinaigre" in his recipes for Sauce Romaine and Carpe à la Polonaise;[3] similarly, Prosper Montagné in 1922 just says "caramel au vinaigre",[4] and the Répertoire de la Cuisine says "caramel blond dissous au vinaigre".[5]

The name gastrique appears to have come in with Nouvelle cuisine by the 1980s, defined as an "indispensable preparation used in making sauces to accompany hot creations including fruits, such as duck à l'orange".[6][7]

References
  1. Sarah Labensky, Alan Hause (1999) On Cooking 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, New Jersey ISBN 0-13-862640-5
  2. Top Chef
  3. August Escoffier, Le guide culinaire, 1903, s.v.
  4. Prosper Montagné, "À la cuisine: Plats excentriques", "L'Œuvre" féminine, June 29, 1922, p. 1
  5. Théodore Gringoire, Louis Saulnier, Le Répertoire de la Cuisine 3rd edition, 1923, p. 21
  6. Jean-Paul Champenier, Jacques Sylvestre, Jean Planche, Les "Nouvelles" bases de la cuisine , 1986, ISBN 2-86268-085-0, glossary
  7. Henry Viard, Ninette Lyon, Eloge de la gourmandise, 1983, ISBN 290382603X, p. 21


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