Glera (grape)

Glera, also known as Prosecco, is a white variety of grape of Slovenian origin, which was brought to the village of Prosecco (Slovene: Prosek) from the Karst region. The variety was formerly mostly referred to as Prosecco, but in the EU was renamed "Glera" in 2009 to make room for the protection of "Prosecco" as the name of a geographically-protected wine.[1][2][3]

This article is about the grape. For the river in Iceland, see Glerá. For another type of grape called Glera, see Ribolla Gialla.
Glera
Grape (Vitis)
Prosecco sparkling wine made from Glera
Color of berry skinBlanc
SpeciesVitis vinifera
Also calledProsecco and other synonyms
OriginItaly
Notable regionsVeneto
Notable winesProsecco
VIVC number9741

Glera is a rather neutral grape variety which is mainly cultivated for use in sparkling Italian wine styles, frizzante or spumante, from the various Prosecco DOCG and DOC areas, although still wines also exist.[4]

It is grown mainly in the Veneto region of Italy, traditionally in an area near Conegliano and Valdobbiadene, in the hills north of Treviso.

History
A Prosecco sparkling wine made from Glera.

Glera is believed to be an old variety, and the name Prosecco was derived from the village Prosecco near Trieste, where the grape may have originated.[5] It has been proposed that it was cultivated already in Roman times,[6] possibly as the vinum pucinum praised by Pliny the Elder, although that is not known with any certainty. It ranks about thirtieth in importance among the country's some 2,000 grape varieties.[7]

Name change
The vineyards of Valdobbiadene

Prosecco was traditionally used as the name for the grape variety. In Italy, it was also used more specifically for sparkling wines produced primarily from it, such as Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene, Prosecco di Conegliano and Prosecco di Valdobbiadene, all of which had DOC status, and there was also an IGT zone surrounding them. When the higher DOCG status was sought for Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene, it became a complication that the grape (which had become cultivated over a larger area, including outside Italy) and the protected designation of origin had the same name. To resolve the issue, within the EU the old synonym Glera was officially adopted for the variety at the same time as the DOCG was approved in 2009.[8][9] The change reduced the ability of other producers (in Italy and overseas) to label sparkling wines made elsewhere as "Prosecco" by using the grape variety's name.[10]

The name change was rejected by wine producers outside Italy, and leading wine experts including Jancis Robinson MW, Julia Harding MW and José Vouillamoz, who continue to refer to the grape variety as 'Prosecco'.[11]

Relationship to other grapes

Glera is a parent variety of two Manzoni grapes, the red wine grape variety Incrocio Manzoni 2.15 (a crossing with Cabernet Sauvignon) and another red skinned variety known as Incrocio Manzoni 2.14 (a crossing with Cabernet Franc).[12]

Synonyms

Glera is also known under the synonyms Ghera, Glere, Prosecco Tondo, Prosecco, Prosecco Balbi, Prosecco Bianco, Prosecco Nostrano, Prosecco Tondo, Proseko Sciprina, Serpina, and Uva Pissona.[2]

References
  1. Tomasi, Diego; Gaiotti, Federica; Jones, Gregory V. (2013). The Power of the Terroir: the Case Study of Prosecco Wine. Basel: Springer. pp. 7-10. ISBN 978-3-0348-0627-5.
  2. Prosecco Archived 2012-01-19 at the Wayback Machine, Vitis International Variety Catalogue.
  3. Thirsty New York Altaneve Prosecco Sets Sail to Change Your Perception of Prosecco Archived 2016-07-01 at the Wayback Machine May 28, 2014
  4. Jancis Robinson, ed. (2006). "Prosecco". Oxford Companion to Wine (Third ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 550. ISBN 0-19-860990-6.
  5. Cortese, Amy (December 26, 2008). "Italian Makers of Prosecco Seek Recognition". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
  6. Koelliker, Beat (2008). Die neue Hallwag Weinschule: Mit 13 Weinproben zum Weinkenner (in German). HALLWAG. p. 104. ISBN 3-8338-1221-4.
  7. Kinssies, Richard, Seattle Post-Intelligencer (July 10, 2002). "On Wine: Proseccos sparkle on their own terms". Retrieved 2008-12-29.
  8. Prosecco to become DOCG Archived 2010-07-25 at the Wayback Machine, Decanter, May 28, 2009
  9. Prosecco to become DOCG Archived 2009-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, Decanter, July 10, 2009
  10. Prosecco, Italy Archived 2010-08-21 at the Wayback Machine, Tom Canavan, 2009
  11. "Prosecco wars: Defiant Aussie winemakers fight Italy's claim to naming rights". Australian Financial Review. 2018-04-10. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
  12. J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours pgs 469-471, 594-595 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2
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