Good Riddance (film)

Good Riddance (French: Les Bons débarras) is a 1980 French-language Canadian drama film. Directed by Francis Mankiewicz and written by Réjean Ducharme, the film concerns Manon (Charlotte Laurier), an unstable young girl who lives with her mother Michelle (Marie Tifo) and her alcoholic and intellectually disabled uncle Ti-Guy (Germain Houde).

Good Riddance
Film poster
Directed byFrancis Mankiewicz
Produced byMarcia Couëlle
Claude Godbout
Written byRéjean Ducharme
StarringCharlotte Laurier
Marie Tifo
Germain Houde
Music byBernard Buisson
CinematographyMichel Brault
Edited byAndré Corriveau
Distributed byPan-Canadian Film Distributors
Release date
  • 29 February 1980 (1980-02-29)
Running time
120 minutes
CountryCanada
LanguageFrench
BudgetCAD 600,000[1]

Starting as the first screenplay by the novelist Ducharme, the film was shot by Mankiewicz and cinematographer Michel Brault on a low budget. It debuted at the Berlin International Film Festival and won several Genie Awards, including Best Motion Picture. It was established as a classic Canadian film, with the Toronto International Film Festival repeatedly placing it in the Top 10 Canadian Films of All Time.

Plot

Manon is a precocious 13-year-old[2] girl living with her mother Michelle and intellectually challenged uncle Ti-Guy in the Laurentides. Manon wants to quit school and obtain the true love of her mother, whom she accuses of not loving her. Michelle is pregnant with the child of Maurice, a police officer who tries to convince her to give up caring for Ti-Guy, by placing him in an institution. Ti-Guy is frequently stealing from Michelle, drinking excessively, driving dangerously and stalking the family's wealthy female neighbour. Maurice also pressures Michelle to get an abortion. Michelle is determined to have the child, and insistent on keeping Ti-Guy with her.

Manon strongly dislikes Ti-Guy for his misbehavior and Maurice for being a cop, and when Michelle tells Manon of her pregnancy, Manon becomes upset. Manon prefers Gaetan, Michelle's former lover who gives her marijuana, and also steals the book Wuthering Heights from their neighbour and starts reading it.

On her birthday, Manon runs away for a time and phones her mother asking for her exclusive love, which Michelle takes as hurtful. After Manon comes back, she tells Michelle that Maurice molested her, at which point Michelle angrily chases Maurice away. Michelle consequently begins dining with Gaetan and Manon, with Manon promising to no longer hurt her. Confronting Ti-Guy in his vehicle, Manon screams at him and convinces him to commit suicide by crashing the vehicle. While sleeping with her mother, Manon receives Maurice's call about the death, but shields Michelle from the news.

Cast

Themes

There have been numerous interpretations of the film. Critic Ian Lockerbie suggested the film is an allegory for Quebec nationhood in the aftermath of the 1980 Quebec referendum, substituting nationalism for victimization. However, author Peter Morris replies English Canadian films were exploring similar themes at the time and that Les bons débarras was made before the referendum.[3] Author Chris Gittings observes interpretations of Les bons débarras as symbolism of Quebec as being a victim of English Canada, and writes that the film depicts class inequality in Quebec society, given the impoverished state of Michelle's family.[4]

Author Janis L. Pallister argues the film fits in Québécois cinema as introspective, and that it is about desire and envy and is in part psychological horror and political symbolism.[5] Professor Claire Portelance, writing for Le Devoir, suggested the impoverished state of the family indicated the film's message was that the Quiet Revolution did not improve the lives of Quebeckers, and that many things still looked like the past.[6]

Production
Michel Brault, right, shot the film and won the Genie Award for Best Cinematography.

The screenplay was written by Quebecois novelist Réjean Ducharme, marking his first attempt at writing a film.[7] It was shot by Francis Mankiewicz at an inexpensive[8] cost of about $600,000[1] in a "Gothic" style creating "a sense of the menace of evil."[2] Mankiewicz had selected Michel Brault as his cinematographer, aiming for a textured look without high contrasts.[9] They also took inspiration from the paintings of Edward Hopper.[9] Filming took place in 1979.[10]

In 1981, Mankiewicz said the character of Manon symbolizes a romantic outlook, whereas Michelle was more realistic. "Manon is the filmmaker and Michelle is the everyday person in me. I am a dreamer," he said.[8] The film was produced by Productions Prisma, based in Montreal.[11]

Release

The film was first screened in the 30th Berlin International Film Festival in 1980.[12] It subsequently had a release in France.[13] As the film is in Canadian French, a survey found 48% of viewers in France had difficulty understanding it.[14] It opened in Kentucky in October 1981.[15] Les bons débarras was seen by more people than any French Canadian film since Mon oncle Antoine (1971), but it was later eclipsed by Denys Arcand's The Decline of the American Empire (1986) and Jesus of Montreal (1989).[16]

In 2013, the film was given a 4K resolution restoration by the Elephant project and Quebecor and screened at the Lumière Film Festival in Lyon, France on 14 October 2014.[17][18] The Elephant restoration subsequently screened in the classics section of the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in the Czech Republic in July 2015.[19][20]

Reception

Critical reception

Good Riddance is widely considered one of the classic films in both Quebec and Canadian cinema.[18] Don Haig of the National Film Board of Canada said it was considered "one of the great Quebecois films of all time."[21] The Toronto International Film Festival ranked it in the Top 10 Canadian Films of All Time three times, in 1984, 1993 and 2004.[22] In 1998, Take One named it as one of the 20 best Canadian films, writing "the kid is a dangerously compelling seductress who wreaks havoc out of a need to control those she loves."[23] It was selected for preservation in 2006 by the Audio-Visual Preservation Trust of Canada, a charitable non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the preservation of Canada’s audio-visual heritage.[24] In 2015, La Presse columnist Marc Cassivi named it one of Quebec's best films, saying Mankiewicz's intimate direction and Ducharme's poetic writing blended particularly well, citing Manon's speech about a flower growing out of her and her mother's blood.[25]

The film received less favourable reviews in the United States.[5] The New York Times called the film "a meandering movie with a curious kind of staying power."[26] The Chicago Reader wrote "Mankiewicz possesses a dark, provocative sensibility, yet he isn't sufficiently in control of his medium to produce a coherent work out of his conflicting moods."[27] Conversely, David Denby of New York wrote the Manon character was "a little monster" but heart-breaking, and that Jean Cocteau would have admired the film.[28] William Mootz of The Courier-Journal in Louisville, Kentucky wrote the film "has obviously been much admired in Canada, and with good reasons. It is a beautifully acted movie, filmed with an almost painful sincerity under the direction of Francis Mankiewicz."[15]

Accolades

The film won the Genie Award for Best Canadian Film, along with seven other Genies, including for best original screenplay.[1] It was selected as the Canadian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 53rd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.[29]

Award Date of ceremony Category Recipient(s) Result Ref(s)
Genie Awards March 12, 1981 Best Motion Picture Claude Godbout and Marcia Couelle Won [30]
Best Direction Francis Mankiewicz Won
Best Actress Marie Tifo Won
Charlotte Laurier Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Germain Houde Won
Best Original Screenplay Réjean Ducharme Won
Best Art Direction Michel Proulx Nominated
Best Cinematography Michel Brault Won
Best Costume Design Diane Paquet Nominated
Best Editing André Corriveau Won
Best Sound Henri Blondeau and Michel Descombes Won

See also

References
  1. Morris 2002, p. 99.
  2. Morris 1999, p. 1324.
  3. Morris 2002, p. 102.
  4. Gittings 2012.
  5. Pallister 1995, p. 245.
  6. Portelance, Claire (8 March 2016). "Cinéma québécois: de l'enracinement à l'exode". Le Devoir. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  7. Laforest, Kevin (1 May 2002). "Les Bons Debarras". Montreal Film Journal. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
  8. Lacey, Liam (30 November 2007). "A masterpiece? Maybe not, but it's a fine". The Globe and Mail.
  9. Morris 2002, p. 101.
  10. Loiselle 2003, p. 127.
  11. Playback Staff (1 November 1999). "Prisma declares bankruptcy". Playback. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  12. Pratley 1987, p. 240.
  13. Marshall 2005, p. 392.
  14. Marshall 2001, p. 85.
  15. Mootz, William (21 October 1981). "Chillingly well-acted study of possessiveness". The Courier-Journal. p. 29.
  16. Pallister 1995, p. 256.
  17. Montpetit, Caroline (19 March 2015). "Les grands classiques aux grands écrans". Le Devoir. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  18. De Pablos, Emiliano (16 October 2014). "Quebec's Elephant Hits 500,000 Buys For Heritage Films". Variety. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  19. "Six films canadiens au Festival du film de Karlovy Vary". La Presse. 26 June 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  20. Demers, Maxime (5 July 2015). "Du cinéma québécois en République Tchèque". Le Journal de Montréal. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  21. Lee, Janice (7 November 1994). "A look back at Genies' best films". Playback. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  22. "Top 10 Canadian Films of All Time". The Canadian Encyclopedia. 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  23. "Take One's Top 20: The Best Canadian Films of All Time". Take One. Spring 1998. p. 20.
  24. Ross, Val (25 October 2006). "Magic moments preserved". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  25. Cassivi, Marc (24 February 2015). "Les meilleurs scénarios québécois, selon Marc Cassivi". Radio-Canada. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  26. Maslin, Janet (15 January 1981). "LES BONS DEBARRAS, ABOUT JEALOUSY". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
  27. Kehr, Dave. "Good Riddance". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
  28. Denby, David (26 January 1981). "Enfant Terrible". New York. p. 47.
  29. Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
  30. "Les bons débarras (Good Riddance)". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 1 August 2016.

Bibliography
  • Gittings, Chris (2 October 2012). Canadian National Cinema. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1134764853.
  • Loiselle, André (2003). Stage-Bound: Feature Film Adaptations of Canadian and Québécois Drama. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 0773526102.
  • Marshall, Bill (2001). Quebec National Cinema. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 077352116X.
  • Marshall, Bill (2005). France and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. 2. Santa Barbara, California, Denver and Oxford: ABC-Clio. ISBN 1851094113.
  • Morris, Peter (1999). "Les Bons Débarras/Good Riddance". The Canadian Encyclopedia (2000 ed.). Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Inc.
  • Morris, Peter (2002). "Canadian gothic and Les bons débarras: The night side of the soul". In Walz, Eugene P. (ed.). Canada's Best Features: Critical Essays on 15 Canadian Films. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi. ISBN 9042015985.
  • Pallister, Janis L. (1995). The Cinema of Québec: Masters in Their Own House. Associated University Presses. ISBN 0838635628.
  • Pratley, Gerald (1987). Torn Sprockets: The Uncertain Projection of the Canadian Film. Newark: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 0874131944.
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