Great Indonesia Movement Party

The Great Indonesia Movement Party (Indonesian: Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra) is a political party in Indonesia. Formed in 2008, Gerindra serves as the political vehicle of former general Prabowo Subianto. It is presently the third-largest party in the House of Representatives, where it has 78 seats. Gerindra had positioned itself as an opposition party, but in 2019 it joined President Joko Widodo's Onward Indonesia Cabinet, despite Prabowo having run against Widodo in Indonesia's 2014 and 2019 presidential elections.

Great Indonesia Movement Party

Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya
General ChairmanPrabowo Subianto
Secretary-GeneralAhmad Muzani
Founded6 February 2008 (6 February 2008)
Split fromGolkar
HeadquartersJakarta
Youth wingTIDAR (Great Indonesia Bud)
Women's wingPIRA (Great Indonesia Women)
Muslim wingGEMIRA (Great Indonesia Muslim Movement)
Christian wingGEKIRA (Great Indonesia Christian Movement)
Hindu-Buddhist wingGEMA SADHANA (Sanathana Dharma Nusantara Society Movement)
IdeologyPancasila
Anti-communism
Conservatism[1]
Indonesian nationalism[2]
National conservatism[3]
Right-wing populism[4]
Political positionRight-wing[5]
Ballot number2
DPR seats
78 / 560
Provincial DPRD seats
288 / 2,207
Website
http://partaigerindra.or.id/

History

After coming last in Golkar's presidential convention on 21 April 2004, Prabowo served as a member of Golkar's Advisory Board until his resignation on 12 July 2008. Gerindra was formed on 6 February 2008 at the suggestion of Prabowo's younger brother, Hashim Djojohadikusumo, who helped pay for party's prime-time TV advertising campaign.[6] Prabowo was appointed chairman of the party's Founding Board.

Gerindra's provincial level election teams were formed in February 2009. The party then claimed a membership of approximately 15 million, with its support base coming from across Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi.[7]

The party won 4.5% of the vote in the 2009 legislative election, and was awarded 26 seats in the People's Representative Council.[8]

In the national legislative election on 9 April 2014, the party's vote share jumped to 11.8%, making it the third-most popular party in Indonesia.[9] Gerindra almost trebled the number of seats it won from 26 seats in 2009 to 73 seats in 2014.

Following the death of Gerindra chairman Suhardi on 28 August 2014, Prabowo was appointed general chairman on 20 September 2014.[10]

Policies

Gerindra follows a populist nationalist economic platform, targeting the lower middle class such as farmers and fishers, although its supporters in the 2014 general election were disproportionately urban dwellers.[11]

In November 2019, Gerindra deputy chairman Fadli Zon said the party firmly rejects lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people. Gerindra's Twitter account said the party supports early efforts to prevent LGBT in the community and schools, by involving religious leaders and health experts.[12]

Wing organizations

Gerindra's wing organizations include:

  • TIDAR (Tunas Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Bud)
  • PIRA (Perempuan Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Woman)
  • GEMIRA (Gerakan Muslim Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Muslim Movement)
  • GEKIRA (Gerakan Kristiani Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Christian Movement); formerly named KIRA (Kristen Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Christians).
  • GEMA SADHANA (Gerakan Masyarakat Sanathana Dharma Nusantara, Sanathana Dharma Nusantara Society Movement); for Hindus and Buddhists.
  • PETIR (Persatuan Tionghoa Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Chinese Association)

Election results

Legislative election results
Election Ballot number Total seats won Total votes Share of votes Outcome of election Party leader
2009 5
26 / 560
 4,642,795 4.46%[13] 26 seats, Opposition Prabowo Subianto (Founding board chair)
Suhardi (General chair)
2014 6
73 / 560
 14,760,371 11.81%[14] 47 seats, Opposition Prabowo Subianto (Founding board chair)
Suhardi (General chair)
2019 2
78 / 575
 17,594,839 12.57%[15] 5 seats, Opposition (until 2019)
Governing Coalition (after 2019)		 Prabowo Subianto

Presidential election results
Election Ballot number Pres. candidate Running mate 1st round
(Total votes)		 Share of votes Outcome 2nd round
(Total votes)		 Share of votes Outcome
2009 1 Megawati Sukarnoputri Prabowo Subianto 32,548,105 26.79% Lost N
2014 1 Prabowo Subianto[16] Hatta Rajasa 62,576,444 46.85% Lost N
2019 02 Prabowo Subianto Sandiaga Uno 68,650,239 44.50% Lost N

Note: Bold text suggests the party's member, or a former member who was still active in the party by the time of his nomination.

References
  1. "Former Indonesian dictator's son builds momentum towards 2019 election". Asian Correspondent. 11 March 2017.
  2. Bourchier, David (2014). Illiberal Democracy in Indonesia. Routledge. p. 255.
  3. Lee, Doreen (2016). Activist Archives: Youth Culture and the Political Past in Indonesia. Duke University Press.
  4. van Klinken, Gerry (2009). "Patronage Democracy in Provincial Indonesia". Rethinking Popular Representation. Springer. p. 157.
  5. "Voters Are Going to the Polls in an Election Seen as a Barometer of Indonesian Secularism". Time. 15 February 2017.
  6. "Prabowo nominated as presidential candidate by Gerindra Party". Jakarta Post. 14 July 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
  7. "Indonesia's dark-horse candidate". Asia Times Online. Mar 31, 2009.
  8. "KPU Ubah Perolehan Kursi Parpol di DPR (KPU Changes Allocations of Parties' seats in the DPR)". Indonesian General Election Commission (in Indonesian). 14 May 2009. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
  9. "KPU Successfully Set and Authorize Pileg Results On Time". indonesiaelectionportal.org. May 10, 2014. Archived from the original on October 23, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2014.
  10. "Prabowo replaces Suhardi as Gerindra chairman". Kontan.co.id. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  11. Saiful Mujani; R. William Liddle; Kuskridho Ambardi (26 February 2018). Voting Behaviour in Indonesia since Democratization: Critical Democrats. Cambridge University Press. pp. 107–. ISBN 978-1-108-42179-9.
  12. Ibrahim, Gibran Maulana (29 November 2019). "Fadli Zon: Gerindra Jelas Tolak LGBT". detikcom. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  13. "Bab V - Hasil Pemilu - KPU" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  14. "KPU sahkan hasil pemilu, PDIP nomor satu" (in Indonesian). BBC. 10 May 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  15. Zunita Putri (21 May 2019). "KPU Tetapkan Hasil Pileg 2019: PDIP Juara, Disusul Gerindra-Golkar". Detik.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  16. Wardah, Fathiyah (19 May 2014). "6 Parpol Dukung Pasangan Prabowo-Hatta dalam Pilpres". Voice of America Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 1 August 2018.
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