2014 Indonesian legislative election

Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2014 to elect 136 members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD), 560 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of regional assemblies at the provincial and regency/municipality level.[1] For eligible voters residing outside Indonesia, elections were held on 5 or 6 April 2014 based on the decision of the electoral commission of each different countries.

2014 Indonesian legislative election

9 April 2014

All 692 seats to the MPR
(DPR: 560, DPD: 132)
281 DPR seats needed for a majority
Turnout75.11%
4.12%
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Megawati Sukarnoputri Aburizal Bakrie Prabowo Subianto
Party PDI-P Golkar Gerindra
Last election 94 seats, 14.03% 106 seats, 14.45% 26 seats, 4.46%
Seats won 109 91 73
Seat change 15 15 47
Popular vote 23,681,471 18,432,312 14,760,371
Percentage 18.95% 14.75% 11.81%
Swing 4.92% 0.30% 7.35%

  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Hatta Rajasa Muhaimin Iskandar
Party Demokrat PAN PKB
Last election 148 seats, 20.85% 46 seats, 6.01% 28 seats, 4.94%
Seats won 61 49 47
Seat change 87 3 19
Popular vote 12,728,913 9,481,621 11,298,957
Percentage 10.19% 7.59% 9.04%
Swing 10.66% 1.58% 4.10%

  Seventh party Eighth party Ninth party
 
Leader Anis Matta Suryadharma Ali Surya Paloh
Party PKS PPP Nasdem
Last election 57 seats, 7.88% 38 seats, 5.32% New party
Seats won 40 39 35
Seat change 17 1 New party
Popular vote 8,480,204 8,157,488 8,402,812
Percentage 6.79% 6.53% 6.72%
Swing 1.09% 1.21% New party
Logo
Mascot name Si Kora

Speakers before election

MPR: Sidarto Danusubroto
DPR: Marzuki Alie
DPD: Irman Gusman

Speakers-designate

MPR: Zulkifli Hasan
DPR: Setya Novanto
DPD: Irman Gusman

Seats up for election

Legislative elections in Indonesia: April 2014[2]
Level Institution Seats contested
National People's Representative Council
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR)
560
National Regional Representative Council
Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD)
132
Province
Provinsi
People's Regional Representative Council Level I
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah I (DPRD I)
2,112
Regency
Kabupaten/Kota
People's Regional Representative Council Level II
Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat Daerah II (DPRD II)
16,895
Total 19,699

Parties contesting the elections

A total of 46 parties registered to take part in the election nationwide, from which only 12 parties (plus 3 Aceh parties) passed the requirements set by the General Elections Commission (KPU). To contest the elections, all parties had to have

  • A branch office and branch in every province
  • A branch office and branch in at least 75% of the regencies or municipalities in every province
  • A branch (but not necessarily a permanent office) in at least 50% of the districts in every regency or municipality
  • At least 1,000 registered members

In addition, at least one-third of each party's candidates had to be female.[2]

Initially, all parties with seats in the DPR were to be allowed to contest the election without the need for verification, but on 29 August 2012, Indonesia's Constitutional Court overturned this provision, obliging all parties to undergo the process.[3]

The results were instrumental to the presidential election in July. The requirement for a presidential ticket had to be supported by a party or a coalition of parties winning at least 20% of the seats or 25% of the popular votes in the legislative election.

The 12 national and three Aceh parties together with their ballot numbers were:

  1. National Democratic Party (Partai Nasional Demokrat, Nasdem)
  2. National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, PKB)
  3. Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, PKS)
  4. Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI–P)
  5. Golkar Party (Partai Golongan Karya)
  6. Great Indonesia Movement Party (Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra)
  7. Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat, PD)
  8. National Mandate Party (Partai Amanat Nasional, PAN)
  9. United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP)
  10. People's Conscience Party (Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura)
  11. Aceh Peace Party (Partai Damai Aceh, PDA)
  12. Aceh National Party (Partai Nasional Aceh, PNA)
  13. Aceh Party (Partai Aceh, PA)
  14. Crescent Star Party (Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB)
  15. Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia, PKPI)

Election schedule

A polling station used for the 2014 Indonesian legislative elections. The four ballot boxes are at the front, while the voting booths are at the rear.

The schedule for the elections, as determined by the Indonesian General Elections Commission is as follows:[4]

DateEvent
9 August 2012Voter registration begins
9–15 April 2013Registration of candidates for the DPR, DPD and DPRD
4 August 2013Publication of final list of DPR candidates
16 August 2013Publication of provisional electoral roll
16 March 2014Start of election campaign
6–8 April 2014Quiet period - no campaigning allowed
9 April 2014Election day
7–9 May 2014Announcement of results
11–17 May 2014Announcement of seat allocations
1 October 2014DPR and DPD members sworn in

Electoral system

On polling day, voters were given four ballot papers, one each for the national People's Representative Council (DPR) and Regional Representative Council (DPD) and one each for their local provincial and regency/municipality Regional Representative Councils (DPRD I and DPRD II). Candidates for the DPR and DPRDI/II stand on a party platform. The ballot papers had a section for each of the parties with the party number and symbol. Under the symbols, that parties candidates were listed. Voters could vote for just the party, or one of the candidates (or both) by punching a hole in the ballot paper with the tool provided. Candidates for the DPD stood on an individual basis, so voters need to punch a hole in the candidate's picture, ballot number or name.[5]

Allocation of seats

For the DPR election, each province was divided into between one and eleven electoral districts depending on population. Each of these electoral districts elected between three and ten members by proportional representation with a 3.5% national threshold.[5]

ProvinceDPR seatsElectoral
districts
Aceh132
North Sumatra303
West Sumatra142
Riau112
Riau Islands31
Jambi71
South Sumatra172
Bangka–Belitung Islands31
Bengkulu41
Lampung182
Jakarta213
West Java9111
Banten223
Central Java7710
Yogyakarta81
East Java8711
Bali91
West Nusa Tenggara101
East Nusa Tenggara132
West Kalimantan101
Central Kalimantan61
South Kalimantan112
East Kalimantan81
North Sulawesi61
Gorontalo31
Central Sulawesi61
South Sulawesi243
Southeast Sulawesi51
West Sulawesi31
Maluku41
North Maluku31
Papua101
West Papua31
Total56077

Once the votes were counted, the General Elections Commission eliminated any party that had failed to obtain a 3.5% share of the national vote. It then allocated seats in the DPR via a two-stage process. First, the number of votes to secure one DPR seat in each electoral district was calculated by dividing the number of valid votes by the number of seats to be elected in each district. Each party's vote in each district was divided by this amount to determine the number of seats won outright. Any party with less than this amount won no seats in this first stage. The remaining votes were then used to determine which party won any seats so far unallocated by awarding these seats to the parties with the largest remainders until all seats were allocated.[2]

For the DPD, each province returns four members regardless of size and population. The candidates for DPD stood independently. Voters were given one and only one vote. The system used is the Single Non-Transferable Vote.

Only parties with at least 25% of the popular vote or that control 20% of seats in the DPR were able to nominate candidates for the presidential election. Parties that did not achieve this percentage had to form a coalition with other parties to make up the required percentage share to nominate a candidate.[6]

Opinion polls

Numerous opinion polls have been done by many different pollsters to gauge the voting intention of the electorate. However, many of them are regarded to be unreliable.[7] The quality of polling in Indonesia varies considerably. Further, some of the polling institutions provide little information about their polling methods. Therefore, the data set out below should be treated with care.

Poll source
Date(s) administered Sample size Demokrat
Golkar
PDI-P
PKS
PAN
PPP
PKB
Gerindra
Hanura
Nasdem
PBB
PKPI
Und.
Lead
2009 election 9 April 2009 104,048,118 20.85% 14.45% 14.03% 7.88% 6.01% 5.32% 4.94% 4.46% 3.77% 1.79% 0.90% 15.60% 6.40%
LSI (Lingkaran) 1–8 March 2013 1,200 11.7% 22.2% 18.8% 3.7% 4.0% 4.0% 4.5% 7.3% 2.6% 4.5% 16.7% 3.4%
LSN 26 February–15 March 2013 1,230 4.3% 19.2% 20.5% 4.6% 4.1% 3.4% 4.1% 11.9% 6.2% 5.3% 0.4% 0.2% 15.8% 1.3%
LKP 20–30 March 2013 1,225 7.8% 19.2% 18.8% 5.1% 4.6% 3.9% 4.4% 10.5% 8.1% 6.3% 0.9% 0.3% 10.1% 0.4%
LSN 1–10 May 2013 1,230 6.1% 19.7% 18.3% 3.8% 3.8% 4.3% 4.6% 13.9% 6.9% 4.8% 1.4% 0.05% 11.9% 1.4%
LIPI 10–31 May 2013 1,799 11.1% 14.5% 14.9% 2.6% 2.5% 2.9% 5.6% 7.4% 1.9% 2.2% 0.6% 0.3% 31.1% 0.4%
IRC May 2013 - 7.5% 12.2% 14.7% 2.8% 2.8% 2.4% 2.8% 11.1% 4.0% 4.5% 0.4% 0.3% - 3.6%
PDB 11–18 June 2013 1,200 9.4% 14.1% 14.53% 1.2% 2.56% 2.31% 2.56% 8.89% 1.03% 3.33% 0.34% 0.09% 21.11% 0.43%
IRC 8–11 July 2013 794 7.66% 7.00% 17.96% 3.30% 1.45% 0.9% 1.19% 6.61% 5.95% 2.11% 1.4% 1.5% 44.1% 10.30%
Kompas July 2013 1,400 10.1% 16.0% 23.6% 2.20% 2.5% 4.2% 5.7% 13.6% 2.7% 4.1% 13.4% 7.6%
Alvara 15–23 August 2013 1,532 7.4% 8.4% 14.8% 3.4% 2.1% 2.2% 1.7% 12.5% 3.8% 4.6% 0.1% 0.1% 39.0% 2.3%
SSSG 25 August–9 September 2013 1,250 10.3% 5.0% 13.6% 2.9% 2.7% 0.9% 0.6% 5.6% 2.2% 1.9% 0.9% 0.1% 3.3%
LSI (Lingkaran) 12 September–5 October 2013 1,200 9.8% 20.4% 18.7% 4.4% 5.2% 4.6% 4.6% 6.6% 3.4% 2.0% 0.6% 0.3% 19.4% 1.7%
Pol-Tracking Institute 13 September–11 October 2013 2,010 8.8% 16.9% 18.5% 2.9% 2.0% 3.4% 4.6% 6.6% 3.5% 2.1% 0.7% 0.1% - 2.4%
Indikator 10–20 October 2013 1,200 (400) 9.2% 17.5% 21.6% 3.1% 1.2% 4.7% 4.5% 9.1% 4.1% 3.7% 0.9% 0% 20.3% 4.1%
Indikator (if Joko Widodo runs) 8.8% 16.9% 37.8% 0.6% 2.5% 3.6% 2.5% 6.6% 3.5% 1.4% 0.3% 0% 21.1% 20.9%
Morgan October 2013 2,985 15% 21% 24% 5% 5% 2% 7% 12% 5% 2% 1% 1% 3%
Morgan November 2013 2,960 14% 21% 29% 5% 5% 2% 5% 12% 5% 2% 0% 8%
Charta Politika 28 November–6 December 2013 2,010 7.4% 12.6% 15.8% 3.8% 4.4% 3.8% 5.9% 7.8% 4.1% 3.9% 0.4% 0.3% 29.7% 3.2%
Indo Barometer 4–15 December 2013 1,200 5.4% 14.2% 28.8% 2.5% 4.2% 2.1% 7.1% 9.2% 2.5% 0.8% 0.4% 0.0% 22.9 14.6%
Pol-Tracking Institute 16–23 December 2013 1,200 7.92% 15.93% 22.44% 3.00% 2.67% 4.50% 4.59% 8.67% 4.25% 2.50% 0.25% 0.00% 23.27% 6.49%
Kompas December 2013 1,380-1,400 7.2% 16.5% 21.8% 2.3% 3.2% 2.4% 5.1% 11.1% 6.6% 6.9% 1.1% 0.1% 6.7% 5.3%
Morgan December 2013 2,144 14% 20% 26% 4% 5% 2% 6% 12% 6% 3% 1% 1% 6%
LSI (Lingkaran) 6–16 January 2014 1,200 4.7% 18.3% 18.2% 2.2% 3.3% 3.6% 3.7% 8.7% 4.0% 2.0% 0.7% 0.5% 30.1% 0.1%
LSJ 12–26 January 2014 1,240 6.12% 17.74% 19.83% 3.87% 4.51% 4.83% 4.67% 12.58% 6.85% 6.94% 1.20% 0.24% 10.62% 2.09%
Morgan January 2014 3,000 11% 20% 27% 4% 5% 2% 7% 14% 6% 2% 1% 1% 7%
Median 28 January–15 February 2014 1,500 5.7% 17.8% 21.4% 5.1% 3.5% 4.9% 5.0% 6.2% 4.8% 3.6% 1.1% 0.1% 20.8% 3.6%
Morgan February 2014 2,934 10% 20% 29% 4% 4% 2% 6% 15% 7% 2% 1% 9%
LKP 26 February–4 March 2014 1,240 6.7% 18.1% 21.8% 3.7% 3.3% 3.5% 5.7% 11.1% 11.3% 3.1% 1.1% 0.3% 10.3% 3.7%
Charta Politika 1–8 March 2014 1,200 8.0% 16.4% 21.2% 3.2% 4.5% 5.1% 7.2% 12.0% 4.8% 2.6% 0.4% 0.1% 14.5% 4.8%
Morgan 1–15 March 2014 2,300 11% 22% 27% 4% 4% 3% 3% 17% 6% 2% 1% 5%
Morgan 16–30 March 2014 1,965 10% 17% 37% 4% 4% 2% 3% 14% 6% 3% 20%
JSI 24–30 March 2014 1,200 9.0% 18.0% 24.7% 4.3% 6.5% 5.4% 7.9% 11.8% 6.1% 4.4% 0.9% 0.9% 6.7%
Election results 9 April 2014 124,972,491 10.19% 14.75% 18.95% 6.79% 7.59% 6.53% 9.04% 11.81% 5.26% 6.72% 1.46% 0.91% 4.20%

Results

Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle won the election by 18.95% votes, followed by Golkar with 14.75% votes and Great Indonesia Movement Party with 11.81% vote. However, neither of the parties can submit their own presidential candidate for the next 2014 Indonesian presidential election because none of them reached the electoral threshold for the presidential election, 20%.

 Summary of the 9 April 2014 Indonesian People's Representative Council election results
Parties Votes % Swing Seats % +/-
Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI–P) 23,681,471 18.95 4.92 109 19.47 15
Golkar (Partai Golongan Karya) 18,432,312 14.75 0.30 91 16.25 15
Great Indonesia Movement Party (Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra) 14,760,371 11.81 7.35 73 13.04 47
Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat, PD) 12,728,913 10.19 10.66 61 10.89 87
National Mandate Party (Partai Amanat Nasional, PAN) 9,481,621 7.59 1.58 48 8.57 3
National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, PKB) 11,298,957 9.04 4.10 47 8.39 19
Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, PKS) 8,480,204 6.79 1.09 40 7.14 17
United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP) 8,157,488 6.53 1.21 39 6.96 1
Nasdem Party (Partai Nasdem, Nasdem) 8,402,812 6.72 New 36 6.43 New
People's Conscience Party (Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura) 6,579,498 5.26 1.49 16 2.86 1
Crescent Star Party (Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB) 1,825,750 1.46 0.33 0 0.00
Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia, PKPI) 1,143,094 0.91 0.01 0 0.00
Total 124,972,491 100.00 560 100.00
Spoilt and null votes 14,601,436 7.86 6.57
Voter turnout 139,573,927 75.11 4.12
Electorate 185,826,024
Source: General Election Commission and People's Representative Council website
Note: Seat change totals are displayed only for parties which stood in the previous election, including those which changed party names
Parties contesting in Aceh only
Aceh Party (Partai Aceh)
Aceh National Party (Partai Nasional Aceh, PNA) New
Aceh Peace Party (Partai Damai Aceh, PDA) New
Source: [8][9][10][11][12]

Note: 1. Results are pending to appeals made in the Constitutional Court.
2. Aceh local parties only contested for the regional legislative assemblies, not the DPR. Results are included here for completeness. The remainder of the votes were won by national parties.

Popular vote
PDI–P
18.95%
Golkar
14.75%
Gerindra
11.81%
Demokrat
10.19%
PKB
9.04%
PAN
7.59%
PKS
6.79%
Nasdem
6.72%
PPP
6.53%
Hanura
5.26%
Other
2.37%
DPR seats
PDI–P
19.46%
Golkar
16.25%
Gerindra
13.04%
Demokrat
10.89%
PAN
8.75%
PKB
8.39%
PKS
7.14%
PPP
6.96%
Nasdem
6.25%
Hanura
2.86%
The disproportionality of the DPR in the 2014 election was 3.02 according to the Gallagher Index, mainly between Hanura and the minor parties.

References

  1. KPU (General Elections Commission) (8 June 2012). "Launching Tahapan Pemilu, KPU Tetapkan Pemungutan Suara: 9 April 2014 (Launching of the Election Stages, KPU Sets Voting Day: 9 April 2014)" (in Indonesian). KPU Media Center. Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  2. Vikram Nehru; Nadia Bulkin (2014). "How Indonesia's 2014 Elections Will Work". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
  3. "46 political parties meet deadline to register for 2014 elections". The Jakarta Post. 8 September 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  4. Tahapan Pemuilu (Election Stages) (PDF) (in Indonesian), Komisi Pemilihan Umum (General Elections Commission), archived from the original (PDF) on 15 April 2014, retrieved 24 March 2014
  5. General Elections Commission (Indonesia) (6 April 2014), "Coblos Pilihanmu!!! (Punch your choice!!!)", Kompas, Jakarta, pp. A–D
  6. "Ruling stymies Prabowo's bid". The Jakarta Post. 25 January 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
  7. "Ratusan Lembaga Survei Tidak Terpercaya" (in Indonesian). Kompas. March 12, 2014. Archived from the original on March 16, 2014. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
  8. Inggried Dwi Wedhaswary. "PDI-P Pemenang Pemilu Legislatif 2014" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
  9. http://www.kpu.go.id/koleksigambar/952014_SK_KPU_411.pdf
  10. http://www.kpu.go.id/koleksigambar/952014_SK_KPU_412.pdf
  11. Palupi Annisa Auliani. "Lebih dari 14 Juta Suara Pemilu Legislatif 2014 Rusak?" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  12. Deytri Robekka Aritonang. "Ini Sebaran Kursi Partai di 33 Provinsi" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
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