Gymnothorax

Gymnothorax is a genus of fish in the family Muraenidae found in Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean. With more than 120 species, it the most speciose genus of moray eels.

Gymnothorax
Gymnothorax maderensis
Gymnothorax tile
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Family: Muraenidae
Subfamily: Muraeninae
Genus: Gymnothorax
Bloch, 1795
Type species
Gymnothorax reticularis[1]
Bloch, 1795

Smith (2012) noted that Gymnothorax as currently recognized is polyphyletic, but cautioned that comparative studies are needed before action is taken to resurrect generic synonyms of Gymnothorax.[2]

Species

Both FishBase and World Register of Marine Species recognize a total of 128 valid species in the genus.[3][4] However, each database includes three species that the other does not list, which are noted in the list below.

Notes
  1. G. indicus, G. mishrai, and G. odishi are listed in FishBase, but not in WoRMS.
  2. G. microspila, G. sagenodeta, and G. visakhaensis are listed in WoRMS, but not in FishBase.

References
  1. Jordan, David Starr (1926). "Opinion 93: Twelve Generic Names of Fishes Placed in the Official List, by Suspension of the Rules". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 73 (4): 5–11.
  2. Smith, D. G., 2012. A checklist of the moray eels of the world (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae). Zootaxa No. 3474: 1-64.
  3. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Gymnothorax in FishBase. June 2016 version.
  4. "Gymnothorax Bloch, 1795". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
  5. Mohapatra, Anil; Kiruba-Sankar, R.; Praveenraj, J.; Mohanty, Swarup Ranjan (2019-08-27). "A new short brown unpatterned moray eel Gymnothorax andamanensis (Muraenidae: Muraeninae) from Andaman waters, India". Zootaxa. 4661 (1): 189–196. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4661.1.11. ISSN 1175-5334.
  6. Yonela Sithole, David G. Smith, Monica Mwale and Gavin Gouws. 2020. A Taxonomic Revision of Gymnothorax undulatus (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) in the Western Indian Ocean, with Description of A New Species. Zootaxa. 4767(1); 161–181. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4767.1.7
  7. Prokofiev, A.M. (2010): Two New Species of Fishes from Families Muraenidae (Anguilliformes) and Mugiloididae (Perciformes) from the Waters of Vietnam. Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Ichthyology, 50 (8): 580-589.
  8. Mohapatra, A., Ray, D., Smith, D.G. & Mishra, S.S. (2016): A new species of elongate unpatterned moray eel of the genus Gymnothorax (Muraenidae: Muraeninae) from the Bay of Bengal. Zootaxa, 4150 (5): 591–598.
  9. Loh, K.-H., Shao, K.-T. & Chen, H.-M. (2011): Gymnothorax melanosomatus, a new moray eel (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from southeastern Taiwan. Zootaxa, 3134: 43–52.
  10. Ray, D., Mohapatra, A. & Smith, D.G. (2015): A new species of Short Brown Unpatterned Moray Eel of the Genus Gymnothorax (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from the Bay of Bengal. Zootaxa, 4027 (1): 140–144.
  11. Mohapatra, A., S. R. Mohanty, D. G. Smith, S. S. Mishra and S. Roy 2018. Gymnothorax odishi sp. nov. (Muraenidae: Muraeninae), a short brown unpatterned moray eel from Bay of Bengal, India. Zootaxa 4420 (no. 1): 123-130.
  12. Loh, K.-H., Shao, K.-T., Ho, H.-C., Lim, P.-E. & Chen, H.-M. (2015): A new species of moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from Taiwan, with comments on related elongate unpatterned species. Zootaxa, 4060 (1): 30-40.
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