Hiệp Hòa
Hiệp Hòa (Hanoi: [hiəp̚˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩], Hán tự: 協和, lit. "harmonization",[2] 11 January 1847 - 29 November 1883), born Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Dật, was the sixth emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn Dynasty and reigned for four months (30 July 1883 – 29 November 1883).
| Emperor Hiệp Hòa 協和帝 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emperor of Đại Nam | |||||||||||||||||
 Portrait of Emperor Hiệp Hòa | |||||||||||||||||
| Emperor of Đại Nam | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 30 July 1883–29 November 1883 | ||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Dục Đức | ||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Kiến Phúc | ||||||||||||||||
| Regent | Tôn Thất Thuyết & Nguyễn Văn Tường | ||||||||||||||||
| Emperor of Nguyễn Dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 30 July 1883–29 November 1883 | ||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Dục Đức | ||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Kiến Phúc | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | November 1, 1847 Imperial City, Huế, Đại Nam | ||||||||||||||||
| Died | November 29, 1883 (aged 36) Imperial City, Huế, Đại Nam | ||||||||||||||||
| Issue | 17 including 11 sons and 6 daughters | ||||||||||||||||
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| House | Nguyễn | ||||||||||||||||
| Father | Thiệu Trị | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Concubine Trương Thị Thuận | ||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Ruism, Buddhism | ||||||||||||||||
Hiệp Hòa was the 29th son of Emperor Thiệu Trị.[3] After his nephew Dục Đức was deposed by court officials following a three-day reign in 1883 he reasserted the family's claim on the throne. However he presided over his nation's defeat by the French navy at the Battle of Thuận An in August 1883, and on 25 August 1883 he signed a treaty which made Vietnam a protectorate of France, ending Vietnam's independence. For this, he was deposed and forced by officials to commit suicide.[4][5]
References
- When he ascended the throne, the era name "Hiệp Hòa" was planned to start to use in Tết of the next lunar year. But he was deposed after four months, the era name "Tự Đức" (嗣德) remained unchanged.
- Derived from Book of Documents: "harmonized the myriad states" (協和萬邦, translated by James Legge)
- (in Vietnamese) Nguyễn Phúc tộc Thế phả. Huế: Thuận Hóa Publishing House. 1995. p. 366.
- Chapuis, Oscar (2000). The last emperors of Vietnam : from Tu Duc to Bao Dai. Westport, Conn., USA: Greenwood Press. pp. 16–17. ISBN 978-0-313-31170-3. OCLC 231866735.
- Corfield, Justin J. (2008). The history of Vietnam. Westport, Conn., USA: Greenwood Press. pp. xvii, 22–23. ISBN 978-0-313-34193-9. OCLC 182857138.
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