Hyparrhenia
Hyparrhenia is a genus of grasses.[3][4] Many species are known commonly as thatching grass.[5][6][7][8]
| Thatching grass | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Hyparrhenia rufa | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Subfamily: | Panicoideae |
| Supertribe: | Andropogonodae |
| Tribe: | Andropogoneae |
| Subtribe: | Andropogoninae |
| Genus: | Hyparrhenia Andersson ex Fourn. |
| Type species | |
| Hyparrhenia foliosa (Kunth) Andersson ex Fourn.[1] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
They are mostly native to tropical Africa; some can be found in warmer areas in temperate Eurasia, Australia, and Latin America. These are annual and perennial bunch grasses. The inflorescence branches into twin spikes of paired spikelets.[9][10][11]
- Species[2]
- Hyparrhenia anamesa - dry Africa from Ethiopia to Cape Province
- Hyparrhenia andongensis - Angola
- Hyparrhenia anemopaegma - Zambia
- Hyparrhenia anthistirioides - dry Africa from Eritrea to Malawi
- Hyparrhenia arrhenobasis - Ethiopia
- Hyparrhenia bagirmica - West Africa
- Hyparrhenia barteri - from Burkina Faso to Malawi
- Hyparrhenia bracteata - Africa (from Mali to Zimbabwe), Thailand, Vietnam, New Guinea, Latin America (from Veracruz to Paraná)
- Hyparrhenia claytonii - Ethiopia
- Hyparrhenia coleotricha - Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Tanzania, Yemen
- Hyparrhenia collina - dry Africa from Nigeria to Ethiopia to KwaZulu-Natal
- Hyparrhenia confinis - tropical Africa from Zaïre to Ethiopia
- Hyparrhenia coriacea - Central African Rep
- Hyparrhenia cyanescens from Gambia to Zaïre
- Hyparrhenia cymbaria - Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, India
- Hyparrhenia dichroa - from Djibouti to KwaZulu-Natal
- Hyparrhenia diplandra - tropical Africa, southern China, Thailand, Vietnam, Sulawesi
- Hyparrhenia dregeana - from Yemen + Eritrea to Swaziland
- Hyparrhenia dybowskii - Zaïre, Central African Rep
- Hyparrhenia exarmata - from Mali to Kenya
- Hyparrhenia familiaris - from Guinea to Angola
- Hyparrhenia figariana - from Nigeria to Tanzania
- Hyparrhenia filipendula - from Guinea to KwaZulu-Natal; Madagascar, Yunnan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, New Guinea, Queensland, New South Wales
- Hyparrhenia finitima - from Sierra Leone to Mpumalanga
- Hyparrhenia formosa - from Ethiopia + Yemen to Malawi
- Hyparrhenia gazensis - from Uganda to KwaZulu-Natal
- Hyparrhenia glabriuscula - tropical Africa
- Hyparrhenia gossweileri - Zaïre, Tanzania, Angola, Zambia
- Hyparrhenia griffithii - Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Madagascar, Yunnan, Assam, Myanmar, Vietnam
- Hyparrhenia hirta - Africa, southern Europe, southwest Asia from France to Cape Province to Pakistan; naturalized in scattered sites in Australia, North + South America
- Hyparrhenia involucrata - from Burkina Faso to Congo Rep
- Hyparrhenia madaropoda - from South Sudan to Mozambique
- Hyparrhenia mobukensis - from Ethiopia to Malawi
- Hyparrhenia multiplex - Ethiopia + Sudan
- Hyparrhenia neglecta - Ethiopia
- Hyparrhenia newtonii - Africa (from Guinea to Swaziland), Madagascar, China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea
- Hyparrhenia niariensis - from Cameroon to Zambia
- Hyparrhenia nyassae - tropical Africa, Madagascar, Thailand, Vietnam
- Hyparrhenia papillipes - Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Yemen, Tanzania, Madagascar
- Hyparrhenia pilgeriana - from Ethiopia to KwaZulu-Natal
- Hyparrhenia pilosa - Central African Rep
- Hyparrhenia poecilotricha - from Guinea to KwaZulu-Natal
- Hyparrhenia praetermissa - Sulawesi
- Hyparrhenia quarrei - from Yemen to Nigeria + KwaZulu-Natal
- Hyparrhenia rudis - tropical Africa, Madagascar
- Hyparrhenia rufa - tropical - southern Africa; Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand; naturalized in Florida, Texas, Latin America (from Chihuahua to Paraguay); various islands in Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean
- Hyparrhenia schimperi - from Ethiopia to Cape Province; Madagascar
- Hyparrhenia smithiana - from Guinea to Congo Rep
- Hyparrhenia subplumosa - from Guinea to Zimbabwe
- Hyparrhenia tamba - from Eritrea to Lesotho
- Hyparrhenia tuberculata - Ethiopia
- Hyparrhenia umbrosa - from Nigeria to KwaZulu-Natal; Comoros
- Hyparrhenia variabilis - from Yemen + Eritrea to KwaZulu-Natal; Comoros, Madagascar
- Hyparrhenia violascens - Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon
- Hyparrhenia welwitschii - from Guinea to Zimbabwe; Comoros
- Hyparrhenia wombaliensis - Cameroon, Congo Rep, Zaïre
- formerly included[2]
see Andropogon Elymandra Exotheca Hyperthelia Parahyparrhenia
- Hyparrhenia abyssinica - Exotheca abyssinica
- Hyparrhenia archaelymandra - Elymandra archaelymandra
- Hyparrhenia baddadae - Elymandra grallata
- Hyparrhenia cornucopiae - Hyperthelia cornucopiae
- Hyparrhenia dissoluta - Hyperthelia dissoluta
- Hyparrhenia djalonica - Parahyparrhenia annua
- Hyparrhenia edulis - Hyperthelia edulis
- Hyparrhenia eylesii - Elymandra grallata
- Hyparrhenia grallata - Elymandra grallata
- Hyparrhenia jaegeriana - Parahyparrhenia annua
- Hyparrhenia lithophila - Elymandra lithophila
- Hyparrhenia macrolepis - Hyperthelia dissoluta
- Hyparrhenia monathera - Exotheca abyssinica
- Hyparrhenia pusilla - Andropogon pusillus
- Hyparrhenia sulcata - Parahyparrhenia annua
References
- lectotype designated by Clayton, Kew Bull., Add. Ser. 2: 38 (1969)
- Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- Fournier, Eugène Pierre Nicolas. 1886. Mexicanas Plantas 2: 51, 67 in Latin
- Tropicos, Hyparrhenia Andersson ex E. Fourn
- Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
- Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 631 苞茅属 bao mao shu Hyparrhenia Andersson ex Fournier, Mexic. Pl. 2: 51, 67. 1886.
- "Altervista Flora Italiana genere hyparrhenia". Archived from the original on 2015-02-01. Retrieved 2015-02-21.
- Atlas of Living Australia
- Filgueiras, T. S. 1981. O genero Hyparrhenia (Gramineae) no Brasil. Anais do XXXII Congresso Nacional de Botanica 44–57.
- Pohl, R. W. 1994. 164. Hyparrhenia Andersson ex Fourn. 6: 393–394. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F..
- Sanbi, Red List of South African Plants
External links
- Jepson Manual Treatment
- Grass Manual Treatment
- USDA Plants: North American Species
- Photo: Double Spikes
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