Ida-Viru County

Ida-Viru County (Estonian: Ida-Viru maakond), (Russian: Ида-Вируский уезд, Ида-Вирумаа) or Ida-Virumaa, is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is the most north-eastern part of the country. The county contains large deposits of oil shale - the main mineral mined in Estonia. Oil shale is used in the production of shale oil and in thermal power plants. The capital of the county is the town of Jõhvi which is administratively united with the Jõhvi Parish; nevertheless, Narva is the largest town in the county in terms of population and at the same time the third largest city in Estonia after Tallinn and Tartu. In January 2019 Ida-Viru County had a population of 136,240 – constituting 10.3% of the total population in Estonia.[1][2] It borders Lääne-Viru County in the west, Jõgeva County in the southwest and Russia (Leningrad Oblast) in the east.

Ida-Viru County
County of Estonia
Coat of arms
CountryEstonia
CapitalJõhvi
Largest townNarva
Area
 • Total2,972 km2 (1,147 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total134,259
 • Rank3rd
 • Density45/km2 (120/sq mi)
Ethnicity
 • Russians73.1%
 • Estonians18.9%
 • Ukrainians2.3%
 • other5.7%
ISO 3166 codeEE-45
Vehicle registrationI

History

During the latter part of the period of Soviet rule of Estonia, Ida-Virumaa was called Kohtla-Järve district, and its administrative capital was Kohtla-Järve.

County Government (Estonian: maavalitsus), led by a governor (Estonian: maavanem), ceased to exist after administrative reform in 2017. The last governor of Ida-Viru county was Andres Noormägi.[3]

Demographics
The population of Ida-Viru county declined from 221,807 in 1990 to 168,656 in 2010.

In January 2017, the population of Ida-Virumaa was 143,880, which makes it the third largest county in Estonia (after Harju and Tartu counties, which include the capital Tallinn and country's second-largest city Tartu). 44.6% of the population are men and 55.4% women.[2]

By January 2020, the population of Ida-Virumaa had decreased to 134,259, of which 33% were of native origin and 67% of foreign origin.[4]

In the aftermath of World War II, Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union and large swaths of Ida-Viru County underwent ethnic cleansing by the Soviet authorities. Estonians, who were forced out of the major population centers, including Narva, were replaced by colonists from Russia. As a result of mass migration from the Soviet Union, Ida-Viru County is now the only county in Estonia where ethnic Russians have largely replaced the indigenous Estonian population.

By ethnic origin, on 1 January 2017, 73.1% of the population were Russians, 18.9% were Estonians, 2.3% were Ukrainians, 2.1% were Belarusians and 0.9% were Finns.[2]

Municipalities

Ida-Virumaa County is subdivided into eight municipalities, of which four are urban (Estonian: linnad — cities or towns) and four are rural (Estonian: vallad — parishes). There are 217 villages in Ida-Virumaa.

Municipalities of Ida-Viru County
RankMunicipalityTypePopulation
(2018)[5]		Area
km2[5]		Density[5]
1Alutaguse ParishRural4,9291,4653.4
2Jõhvi ParishRural11,64512493.9
3Kohtla-JärveUrban35,39539907.6
4Lüganuse ParishRural8,94259914.9
5NarvaUrban58,61085689.5
6Narva-JõesuuUrban4,82841111.7
7SillamäeUrban13,406111,218.7
8Toila ParishRural4,80726618.1

Landmarks

References
  1. "Population number, area and density. administrative division as at 01.01.2018". Statistics Estonia. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
  2. "Population by sex, ethnic nationality and County, 1 January". stat.ee. Statistics Estonia. 2010-04-19. Retrieved 2010-08-19.
  3. "Maavanem". Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  4. https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvastik__rahvastikunaitajad-ja-koosseis__rahvaarv-ja-rahvastiku-koosseis/RV071
  5. "Elanike demograafiline jaotus maakonniti". Kohaliku omavalitsuse portaal. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2018.

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