Indian Open (tennis)
The Indian Open originally called the All India Championships [1] or formally the All India Lawn Tennis Championships [1] and also known as The National Lawn Tennis Championships of India and later the Indian International Championships is a defunct combined (men's and women's) tennis tournament. It was played from 1910 until 1982 and the men's event was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit, 1970 to 1979. It was held in various cities in, India and was played outdoor on multiple surfaces. Ramanathan Krishnan won most titles during the pre-Open era with six titles and Vijay Amritraj won most titles during the open era with four titles.
Indian Open | |
---|---|
Defunct tennis tournament | |
Tour | Grand Prix circuit |
Founded | 1910 |
Abolished | 1982 |
Editions | 50 (men's), 68 (women's) |
Location | Various India |
Surface | Clay, Grass, Hard |
History
Lawn tennis in India can be traced back within the first decade of the establishment of the Wimbledon championships with early local championships being established in places like Punjab (1885) and Calcutta (1887).[1] However, there was no national championships, in 1910 colonial officers of the British Raj established the All India Lawn Tennis Championships in Allahabad [1] which was 10 years before the All India Tennis Association was founded. The championships staged both men's and women's singles play and also doubles.[1] In 1946, the All-India Championships tournament was renamed the National Lawn Tennis Championships of India by the India Lawn Tennis Association. The tournament was hosted at different cities around India and was also played on different surfaces, such as grass courts (1910–59, 1964–66, 1969, 1970, 1973), hard courts (1967) and clay courts (1960–61, 1974–79).[2]
Venues
The tournament was staged in different cities for the duration of its run they included:[3]
Host city | years staged |
---|---|
Allahabad [4] | 1910–1938, 1944, 1946–1949, 1950–1951 |
Bombay | 1939, 1974, 1977, 1979 |
Calcutta [5] | 1940, 1952–1953, 1955, 1957–1959, 1962, 1964–1965, 1967, 1975, 1978 |
Baroda | 1941 |
Lahore | 1942 |
Indore | 1943 |
Madras [6] | 1944, 1945, 1954 |
New Delhi | 1956, 1960–1961, 1966, 1969, 1970, 1980, 1982 |
Bangalore | 1976 |
Pune | 1981 |
Finals
Included:[7]
Men's singles
Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1910 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–5, 7–5, 7–5 | ||||||
1911 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1912 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–0, 6–3, 2–6, 4–6, 6–1 | ||||||
1913 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1914 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1915 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1916 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–1 | ||||||
1917–18 | Not held | ||||||||
1919 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1920 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1921 | ![]() | ![]() | ? | ||||||
1922 | ![]() | ![]() | 8–6, 6–1, 6–1 | ||||||
1923 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–4, 3–6, 6–4 | ||||||
1924 | ![]() | ![]() | 8–6, 7–5, 7–5 | ||||||
1925 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–3, 6–8, 6–4 | ||||||
1926 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 4–6, 4–6, 6–2, 7–5 | ||||||
1927 | ![]() | ![]() | 5–7, 7–5, 8–6, 6–3 | ||||||
1928–29 | Not held | ||||||||
1930 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 5–7, 6–3, 6–2 | ||||||
1931 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 7–5, 5–7, 6–2, 6–1 | ||||||
1932 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–0, 6–2, 6–2 | ||||||
1933 | ![]() | ![]() | 5–7, 3–6, 6–3, 6–1, 10–8 | ||||||
1934 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 3–6, 6–1, 6–8, 6–2 | ||||||
1935 | ![]() | ![]() | 4–6, 7–5, 6–3, 6–2 | ||||||
1936 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 7–5, 5–5 ret. | ||||||
1937 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 7–5, 6–3 | ||||||
1938 | ![]() | ![]() | 8–6, 6–4, 6–4 | ||||||
1939 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–2 | ||||||
1940 | ![]() | ![]() | 11-9. 6–4, 7–5 | ||||||
1941 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–0, 6–3, 7–5 | ||||||
1942 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–1, 6–0 | ||||||
1943 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 7–5, 4–6, 6–3 | ||||||
1944 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–4, 6–0 | ||||||
1945 | ![]() | ![]() | 9–7, 9–7, 5–7, 6–0 | ||||||
1946 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–5, 3–6, 6–3, 6–3 | ||||||
1947 | ![]() | ![]() | 4–6, 6–3, 6–2, 6–0 | ||||||
1948 | ![]() | ![]() | 8–6, 6–1, 6–4 | ||||||
1949 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 6–3, 6–3, 8–6 | ||||||
1950 | ![]() | ![]() | 5–7, 8–6, 8–6, 6–1 | ||||||
1951 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–3, 7–5 | ||||||
1952 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–4, 8–6 | ||||||
1953 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–8, 2–6, 6–3, 9–7, 6–3 | ||||||
1954 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–3, 4–6, 6–2 | ||||||
1955 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1956 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–1, 15–17, 6–4 | ||||||
1957 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–0, 8–6 | ||||||
1958 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–2, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3 | ||||||
1959 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–2, 6–1 | ||||||
1960 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–3, 6–1 | ||||||
1961 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 3–6, 14–16, 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1962–63 | Not held | ||||||||
1964 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–3, 6–4 | ||||||
1965 | ![]() | ![]() | w.o. | ||||||
1966 | ![]() | ![]() | 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–0 | ||||||
1967 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 4–6, 6–2, 5–7, 6–4 | ||||||
Open era | |||||||||
1968 | Not held | ||||||||
1969 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–2, 4–6, 6–4 | ||||||
1970 | ![]() | ![]() | 9–7, 6–0, 5–7, 6–3 | ||||||
1971–72 | Not held | ||||||||
1973 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 5–7, 8–9, 6–3, 11–9 | ||||||
1974 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–3, 7–6 | ||||||
1975 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–5, 6–3 | ||||||
1976 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–2 | ||||||
1977 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–6, 6–4 | ||||||
1978 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–2 | ||||||
1979 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 7–5 |
Men's doubles
Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
---|---|---|---|
1973 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 6–2, 6–4 |
1974 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 6–4, 7–6 |
1975 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 1–6, 6–4, 6–3 |
1976 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 6–2, 7–6 |
1977 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 6–7, 6–4, 6–4 |
1978 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 7–6, 6–4 |
1979 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | 7–6, 6–2 |
Ladies singles
Year | Champion | Runner up | Score | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1910 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–3 | ||||||
1911 | ![]() | ![]() | (score?) | ||||||
1912 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–0, 6–3 | ||||||
1913 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–3 (Lahore, March) | ||||||
1914 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–0 | ||||||
1915–18 | No event WW1 | ||||||||
1919 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–3 | ||||||
1920 | ![]() | ? | 6–3, 9-11, 6–1 | ||||||
1921 | ![]() | ? | ? | ||||||
1922 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 7–5 * | ||||||
1923 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1924 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–3 | ||||||
1925 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–4 | ||||||
1926 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 1–6, 6–1 | ||||||
1927 | ![]() | ![]() | 8–6, 6–4 | ||||||
1928 | Abandoned | ||||||||
1929 | ![]() | ? | ? | ||||||
1930 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–0 | ||||||
1931 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–1 | ||||||
1932 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–5, 6–3 | ||||||
1933 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 6–2, 6–1 | ||||||
1934 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1935 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1936 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–0 | ||||||
1937 | ![]() | ![]() | 2–6, 9–7, 6–2 | ||||||
1938 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–2 | ||||||
1939 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–8, 9–7 | ||||||
1940 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 6–2 | ||||||
1941 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–1 | ||||||
1942 | ![]() | ![]() | 2–6, 7–5, 6–2 | ||||||
1943 | ![]() | ![]() | |||||||
1944 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–1 | ||||||
1945 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 6–2, 6–0 | ||||||
1946 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 10–12, 6–0 | ||||||
1947 | ![]() | ![]() | w.o. | ||||||
1948 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–4 | ||||||
1949 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 9–7, 6–3 | ||||||
1950 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–2 | ||||||
1951 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 4–6, 6–3 | ||||||
1952 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–0, 4–6, 7–5 | ||||||
1953 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–1 | ||||||
1954 | ![]() | ![]() | 0–6, 6–2, 6–2 | ||||||
1955 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–1 | ||||||
1956 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–2 | ||||||
1957 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–5, 7–5 | ||||||
1958 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1959 | ![]() | ![]() | 2–6, 7–5, 6–2 | ||||||
1960 | ![]() | ![]() | 4–6, 7–5, 6–0 | ||||||
1961 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–2 | ||||||
1962 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–3 | ||||||
1963 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–2 | ||||||
1964 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–3, 4–6, 6–4 | ||||||
1965 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–4 | ||||||
1966 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 3–6, 6–4 | ||||||
1967 | ![]() | ![]() | 8–6, 6–3 | ||||||
Open era | |||||||||
1968 | ![]() | ? | ? | ||||||
1969 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–1 | ||||||
1970 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 6–3 | ||||||
1971 | ![]() | ![]() | 4–6, 6–1, 6–1 | ||||||
1972 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–2 | ||||||
1973 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–2, 7–5 | ||||||
1974 | ![]() | ![]() | (score?) | ||||||
1975 | ![]() | ![]() | 7–5, 6–4 | ||||||
1976 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–3 | ||||||
1977 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–3 | ||||||
1978 | ![]() | ![]() | 3–6, 6–1, 8–6 | ||||||
1979 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–0 | ||||||
1980 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–0, 6–3 | ||||||
1981 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–1, 6–4 | ||||||
1982 | ![]() | ![]() | 6–4, 6–3 |
Records
Included:[45]
Men's singles
- Most titles:
Ramanathan Krishnan (6 titles)
- Most finals:
Ramanathan Krishnan (8 finals)
- Most consecutive titles:
Edward Vivian Bobb (3 titles) (1927–27, 1930)
- Most consecutive finals:
Ramanathan Krishnan, (4 finals) (1957–60)
- Most matches played:
Vijay Amritraj (26)
- Most matches won:
Vijay Amritraj (24)
- Most consecutive matches won:
Edward Vivian Bobb (13)
- Most editions played:
Premjit Lall (11)
- Best match winning %:
Edward Vivian Bobb, 92.8%, (pre-open era)
- Best match winning %:
Vijay Amritraj, 92.3%, (open era)
- Oldest champion:
Jack Arkinstall, 34y 7m & 26d (1955)
- Youngest champion:
Ramanathan Krishnan, 16y 8m & 17d (1954)
- Longest final:
Vijay Amritraj v
Mal Anderson result: 6-4, 5-7, 8-9, 6-3, 11-9, (68 games), in (1973)
- Shortest final:
Kim Warwick v
Sashi Menon result: 6–1, 6–2, (15 games), in (1976)
References
- Majumdar, Boria; Mangan, J. A. (2013). Sport in South Asian Society: Past and Present. Routledge. pp. 117–118. ISBN 9781317998945.
- "All India Championships/Indian Open Tournament Roll of Honour, Surfaces". thetennisbase.com. The Tennis Base. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- "All India Championships/Indian Open. Tournament Roll of Honour, Locations". thetennisbase.com. The Tennis Base. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- "LAWN TENNIS". Daily Telegraph. Launceston, Tasmania. 21 February 1921. p. 7. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- "Indian Tennis". Sunday Times. Perth. 30 December 1951. p. 20. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- "Arkinstall Wins Indian Tennis". Advertiser. Adelaide. 4 February 1954. p. 16. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- "INDIAN OPEN Tournament Roll of honour". thetennisbase.com. Tennis Base. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1910". Times of India 1910. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1911". Times of India 1911. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1912". Times of India 1912. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1913". Times of India 1913. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1914". Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
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- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1921". Times of India 1920. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1922". Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1923". Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1924". Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack and Tournament Guide 1924. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1925". Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack and Tournament Guide and Times of India 1925. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
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- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1927". Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack and Tournament Guide 1928. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1930". Times of India 1930. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1931". Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack and Tournament Guide 1932. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1932". American Lawn Tennis 1932. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1933". Times of India 1933. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- "LAWN TENNIS". The West Australian. Perth. 23 January 1934. p. 10. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1934". Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1935". Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- "LAWN TENNIS ABROAD". Sydney Morning Herald. 1 April 1936. p. 17. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1937". Lawn tennis and badminton 1937. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- Archives, Tennis. "All India Championships 1938". American Lawn Tennis 1938. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via www.tennisarchives.com.
- "TENNIS". Cairns Post. Qld. 19 February 1940. p. 4. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
- "Arkinstall Wins Indian Tennis". Advertiser. Adelaide. 4 February 1954. p. 16.
- "New Delhi Results 1973". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Bombay Results 1974". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Calcutta Results 1975". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Bangalore Results 1976". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Bombay Results 1977". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Calcutta Results 1978". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Bombay Results 1979". ATP World Tour. ATP. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "Indian Championships". Cairns Post. Qld. 16 February 1920. p. 8. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- "A MAID IN MAYFAIR". Advertiser. Adelaide. 14 November 1929. p. 15. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
- Boria Majumdar, J. A. Mangan (2005), Sport in South Asian Society: Past and Present, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-35953-8,
... The first woman Champion was Khanum Singh (nee Haji) ...
- Williams, Frances Clayton Gray, Yanick Rice Lamb ; foreword by Bill Cosby ; afterword by Venus (2004). Born to win : the authorized biography of Althea Gibson. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons. p. 219. ISBN 9780471471653.
- Trade, TI (10 January 2017). "The Assam Tribune Online". Retrieved 17 October 2017.
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Sources
- Majumdar, Boria; Mangan, J. A. (2013). Sport in South Asian Society: Past and Present. Routledge. ISBN 9781317998945.
- http://www.tennisarchives.com/All India Championships 1910–1956
- https://app.thetennisbase.com/All India Championships draws 1910–1979