JNR Class C51

The Class C51 (C51形) is a type of 4-6-2 steam locomotive built by Kisha Seizo Mitsubishi and Japanese National Railways (JNR) Hamamatsu Works . The C classification indicates three sets of driving wheels. The C51 introduced 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) diameter driving wheels to Japan. C51s raised the average speed on the Tōkaidō Main Line from 47.3 km/h (29.4 mph) to 55.3 km/h (34.4 mph). In 1930, a C51 hauled the first Tsubame (swallow) express, reducing travel time between Tokyo and Kōbe to 9 hours.[1]

JGR/JNR Class C51
Central China Ry Pashina class (パシナ)
China Railways SL9 (勝利9)
Class C51 locomotive C51 5 at Ome Railway Park, May 2006
Type and origin
Reference:[1]
Power typeSteam
BuilderKisha Seizō, Mitsubishi, JNR - Hamamatsu
Build date1919-1928
Total produced289
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-6-2 Pacific
Gauge1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Leading dia.940 mm (3 ft 1 in)
Driver dia.1,750 mm (5 ft 9 in)
Trailing dia.940 mm (3 ft 1 in)
Wheelbase10 m (32 ft 10 in)
Length19.994 m (65 ft 7.2 in)
Loco weight69.6 t
Total weight113.8 t
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity8 t
Water cap17 m3 (4,491 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		2.53 m2 (27 sq ft)
Boiler pressure13 kg/cm2 (180 lbf/in2)
Heating surface127.4 m2 (1,371 sq ft)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area41.4 m2 (446 sq ft)
CylindersTwo
Cylinder size53 cm × 66 cm (21 in × 26 in)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Maximum speed99.1 km/h (61.6 mph)
Career
Retired1966
Disposition4 Preserved in Japan

China Railway class SL9
Central China Railway C51 116 at Suzhou Station, 30 January 1939

To alleviate a severe motive power shortage, sixteen JGR Class C51 locomotives, C51 8, 28, 30, 33 - 35, 88, 95, 96, 116, 130 - 132, 173, 175, and 178, all equipped with a Sumiyama feedwater heater, were converted to standard gauge and sent to the Central China Railway in 1939, where they operated primarily between Nanjing and Shanghai, at first with their original JGR numbers, later as パシナ (Pashina) class. After the Liberation of China and the establishment of the People's Republic, these became China Railway class ㄆㄒ9 (PX9) in 1951, and reclassified as class SL9 (勝利9, Shènglì, "victory") in 1959.[2]

Preserved examples

As of 2012, four Class C51 locomotives were preserved at various locations.

See also

References
  1. Naotaka Hirota Steam Locomotives of Japan (1972) Kodansha International Ltd. pp.57&96 ISBN 0-87011-185-X
  2. 中国蒸汽機車世紀集影 (Centennial Collection of Chinese Steam Locomotives), China Railway Publishing House, July 2001, ISBN 7-113-04148-5 (in Chinese)
  3. Sasada, Masahiro (September 2012). 国鉄&JR保存車大全 [JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide]. Tokyo, Japan: Ikaros Publications Ltd. p. 132. ISBN 978-4863206175.
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