Johan Richter (inventor)

Johan Richter (Johan Christopher Fredrik Carl Richter, 12 November 1901 – 13 June 1997) was a Norwegian-Swedish engineer, industrialist and inventor in the area of pulp and paper production. He developed the continuous process for digesting wood pulp used by Kamyr (now is part of Andritz AG and Metso Paper).[1][2][3]

Johan Richter.
Johan Richter with son Ole Johan. 1989
The middle tower is a typical Richter designed digester for pulp. The right cylinder is for preparation of the chips and the left silo is for intermediate storage.

Background

Richter was born in Lier, Buskerud and grew up at Narvik in Nordland, Norway. His father had a management position at LKAB which shipped its ore through Narvik. From 1919 he went to school in Trondheim. He graduated as a mechanical engineer Norwegian University of Science and Technology in 1924. He took on a position in France where he worked on turbines and advanced pumping equipment. In France he met and married Astri Rören (1908–1992). Two children: Ole Johan (1929) Einar Christian (1932–1997). Richter returned to Norway and settled in Oslo where he joined Thunes Mechanical workshop. He continued to work on turbines. Due to the Great Depression, he was let go in 1932.[1][4][2]

Inventor and executive

Myrens Verkstäder hired Richter to head up the organisation with the specific task to develop and market new technologies for bleaching and other innovations within pulp and paper. Myrens Verkstäder and Karlstads Mekaniska Verkstad in Sweden already had a small joint venture within pulp and paper technology named Kamyr that was located in Karlstad, Sweden.[1][4][5]

In the middle on the 1930s, Kamyr launched their new process for continuous bleaching that was developed and patented by Richter. The company had an immediate success initially in Europe and later worldwide. Kamyr grew quickly and obtained the necessary resources and creditability for innovations to come.

Richter already had a vision to introduce a process for continuous cooking of pulp. So far this had been done in batches, with its drawback in quality variance and being a barrier to rational nonstop production of paper. It took more than ten years from the first pilot in 1940 to a fully operational unit. Richter always insisted on full-scale testing. The first installation was able to produce 30 tons per day. A Richter digester of today will produce more than 2500 tons per day.[6]

Richter became the CEO of Kamyr in 1950 while still being directly responsible for Research and Development. In the following years Kamyr obtains more or less a monopoly position as no other supplier was capable of presenting something similar. Paper mills all over the world switched to continuous uninterrupted production of pulp and paper which created considerable savings and a stable quality of the end-product.[1]

Post CEO activity

In 1959, Richter decided to step down as CEO of the company in order to re-focus on the technology. He assumed the title Chief Technical Advisor to the Kamyr Group. He stayed in that role until 1993. One of Richter’s strengths was that he did not regard innovation as a one-off event, but rather a process of improvements. Hence he was able to reach more than 750 patents awarded worldwide. During this period Richter had relocated to France and collaborated with his son, Ole Johan, who was building and testing equipment and eventually also adding to the patented solutions.[7][8]

Honours and awards

References
  1. "Johan Richter". Paper Discovery Center (PDC). Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  2. "Johan Richter". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  3. "Kamyr continuous digester". Chmltech. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  4. "Johan Richter". Norsk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  5. "Myrens Verksted A/S". Norsk Teknisk Museum. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  6. "The Role of the Digester in Paper Making". PaperIndustry.com. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
  7. Example of one of the last awarded patents (at the age of 96).
  8. "Patents by Inventor Johan C. F. C. Richter". Justia Legal Resources. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  9. "Honorary doctors at KTH". www.kth.se. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  10. "Johan Richter". 2009 Paper Industry International Hall of Fame Inductee. Retrieved August 1, 2017.

Other sources
  • S.L. Lövold et al.: “Johan Richter. Den moderne celluloseindustriens far, ISBN 82-994811-0-4, Kværner ASA, 1998
  • ”Fiberlines, Kvaerner Pulping Publication” nr 1 1999, pp. 6–11
  • Johan Richter: ”The History of Kamyr Continuous Cooking”, 1981
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