Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau

Sir Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau KCMG PC (November 9, 1840 – June 13, 1898), born in Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec, was a French-Canadian lawyer and politician.

The Honourable

Sir Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau

KCMG
5th Premier of Quebec
In office
October 31, 1879 – July 29, 1882
MonarchVictoria
Lieutenant GovernorThéodore Robitaille
Preceded byHenri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière
Succeeded byJoseph-Alfred Mousseau
MLA for Terrebonne
In office
September 1, 1867 – July 29, 1882
Preceded byProvincial district created in 1867
Succeeded byGuillaume-Alphonse Nantel
Member of the Canadian Parliament
for Terrebonne
In office
July 29, 1882 – December 5, 1892
Preceded byGuillaume-Alphonse Nantel
Succeeded byPierre-Julien Leclair
7th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
In office
December 5, 1892 – January 20, 1898
MonarchVictoria
Governor GeneralThe Lord Stanley of Preston
The Earl of Aberdeen
PremierCharles Boucher de Boucherville
Louis-Olivier Taillon
Edmund James Flynn
Félix-Gabriel Marchand
Preceded byAuguste-Réal Angers
Succeeded byLouis-Amable Jetté
Personal details
Born(1840-11-09)November 9, 1840
Sainte-Thérèse, Lower Canada
DiedJune 13, 1898(1898-06-13) (aged 57)
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Political partyConservative Party of Quebec
Other political
affiliations		Conservative
Spouse(s)
Marie-Louise King
​
(m. 1874)​
CabinetSolicitor General (1873–1874)
Minister Without Portfolio (1876–1878)
Provincial Secretary (1876–1878)
Commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works (1879–1881)
Commissioner of Railways (1880–1881)
Secretary of State of Canada (1882–1892)
Minister of Customs (1892)

Life

As a lawyer, he defended Ambroise-Dydime Lépine against the charge of murdering Thomas Scott during the Red River Rebellion of 1869 – 1870.

He served as the fifth Premier of the Canadian province of Quebec, federal Cabinet minister, and the seventh Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.

After the 1878 Quebec election, he was the Leader of the Opposition. He became premier in 1879 after the fall of the minority government of Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière. He won the 1881 election, but resigned on July 29, 1882 to seek election to the federal House of Commons. He won a by-election held on August 16, 1882.

Chapleau planned to quit politics in 1885 when Louis Riel was sentenced to be hanged but decided to stay, fearing it would only inflame the situation. After Riel was hanged, he was attacked by Quebecers who accused him of the death of Riel along with John A. Macdonald.

He served as Minister of Justice under prime ministers John A. Macdonald and John Abbott, but declined to serve under John Thompson. He resigned in 1892, and was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Quebec from December 1892 until January 1898. He died in June of that same year in Montreal, Quebec. His funeral monument can be seen at the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery.[1]

Funeral monument of Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau in the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery.

Elections as party leader

He won the 1881 election.

Family

On November 25, 1874, he married Marie Louise, daughter of Lieutenant-colonel Charles King of Sherbrooke in the province of Quebec.[2]

See also

References
  1. "Monument funéraire de Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau". Répertoire du patrimoine culturel du Québec (in French). n.d. Retrieved March 13, 2019.
  2. Carlyle 1901.

Further reading
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