Juchart

A Juchart (also Jucharte or Juchard, in French Pose, in Italian Pertica) was a unit of area measurement used in rural Switzerland until the early 20th century. In other German speaking regions it was known as a Joch, Jochart, Jauchart, Jauch, Juck or Juckert. The Juchart was a measurement of the amount of farm land that a man could plow in one day. It is similar to the northern German traditional measurement of a Morgen, which was approximately the amount of land tillable by one man behind an ox in the morning hours of a day. In the French speaking Canton of Vaud a related unit of acreage, the Pose was used.[1]

Size

As with most units of this type, the size of a Juchart varied widely. It depended on the productivity and shape of the land.

Size of the Juchart
Region (timespan)NameSize in m²Size in acresSubdivisions
Plains (traditional) Juchart[2]4,100–6,2001.0–1.5 acres4 Vierlinge or 16 Quärtli
Swiss Plateau (traditional) Juchart[2]2,700–3,6000.67–0.89 acres4 Vierlinge or 16 Quärtli
St. Gallen (traditional) Tagehri[3]1,7380.429 acres
St. Gallen, Graubünden, Vorderrhein (traditional) Mal[4]1,050–1,7600.26–0.43 acres
Graubünden Rhein valley (vineyards, traditional) Mal[4]1,1000.27 acres
Ticino (traditional) Pertica[2]700–8500.17–0.21 acresSpazzo (4–5 m²), Staggio (7–33 m²)
Valais (traditional) Fischela[2]380–8500.094–0.210 acres
Neuchâtel (traditional) Journal[5]2,7000.67 acresperche or émine
Valais (traditional) Journal[5]6,2001.5 acres
Fribourg (traditional) Béquille[6]1350.033 acres
Moutier (traditional) Chaîne[7]1060.026 acres
Wooded land (traditional) Juchart3,360–4,4600.83–1.10 acres
Meadows (traditional) Mannwerk/seiteur or faux [8]2,900–3,9000.72–0.96 acres
Vaud – Meadows (1822) Fossorier[8]4,5001.1 acres
Vaud (1822) Pose[2]4,5001.1 acres8 Fossorier or Ouvrier
Ticino (1826) Pertica[2]5000.12 acresTavole, Gettate, Once or Quadretti
German Switzerland (1838) Juchart[2]3,6000.89 acres4 Vierlinge or 16 Quärtli
Notes ^a Also a unit of grain volume, approx. 12.3–29.7 liters

References

  1. Christian Noback, Friedrich Eduard Noback: Vollständiges Taschenbuch der Münz-, Maß- und Gewichtsverhältnisse. Book 1, F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1851, pg. 463
  2. Juchart in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  3. Tagehri in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  4. Mal in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  5. Journal in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  6. Béquille in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  7. Chaîne in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  8. Mannwerk [Mannsmad] in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
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