Judiciary of Bangladesh

The Judiciary of Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের বিচার বিভাগ — Bānlādēśēra bicāra bibhāga) or Judicial system of Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের বিচার ব্যবস্থা — Bānlādēśēra bicāra byabasthā) is based on the Constitution and the laws are enacted by the legislature and interpreted by the higher courts. Bangladesh Supreme Court is the highest court of Bangladesh. The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh has been described in Article 94(1) of the Constitution of Bangladesh.[1] It consists of two divisions, the High Court Division and the Appellate Division. These two divisions of the Supreme Court have separate jurisdictions.[2]

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The Bangladeshi judiciary faces a severe shortage of judges. As of July 2017, 1,268 judges deal with over 2.7 million cases in lower courts, 86 High Court justices deal with 431,000 cases and 6 Supreme Court justices deal with 13,000 cases.[3]

Supreme Court

Appellate Division

The Supreme Court of Bangladesh has two divisions namely the Appellate Division and the High Court Division (HCD). The Appellate Division hears both civil and criminal appeals from the High Court Division. The Appellate Division may also decide a point of law reserved for its decision by the High Court, as well as any point of law of public interest arising in the course of an appeal from a subordinate court to the High Court, which has been reserved by the High Court for the decision of the Appellate Division.

High Court Division

The High court division of the Supreme court consists of Civil courts, Criminal courts and some Special courts and tribunals.

District Courts

Civil Courts

Five civil courts exist in this hierarchy:

  • District Judge Court
  • Additional District Judge Court
  • Joint District Judge Court
  • Senior Assistant Judge Court
  • Assistant Judge Court

Criminal Courts

Two types of Criminal Courts exist in this hierarchy:[4]

District Sessions Courts
  • District Session Judge Court
  • Additional District Session Judge Court
  • Joint District Session Judge Court

Magistrate Courts
  • Chief Judicial Magistrate Court
  • Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate Court
  • Senior Judicial Magistrate Court
  • Judicial Magistrate Court

City Criminal Courts
Main article: Metropolitan courts in Bangladesh

Metropolitan Sessions Courts
Main article: Metropolitan Sessions Judge Courts in Bangladesh

Metropolitan Magistrates Courts
Main article: Metropolitan Magistrate Courts in Bangladesh

Specialized Courts and Tribunals
  • Constitutional Court
    • None
  • Administrative Court
    • Administrative Tribunals
  • Finance Court
    • Money Loan Courts
    • Insolvency Courts
    • Income Tax Appellate Tribunals
    • Special Tribunal for Share Market Scam
  • Labour Court
    • Labour Courts
  • Court of Justice
  • Social Court
    • Druto Bichar Tribunal
    • Bangladesh Cyber Tribunal

Bangladesh Judicial Service Association
Main article: Bangladesh Judicial Service Association

Bangladesh Judicial Service Association (BJSA)(Bengali: বাংলাদেশ জুডিসিয়াল সার্ভিস এসোসিয়েশন (বিজেএসএ) is a professional association of Judges and Magistrates of Bangladesh. The Association headquarters is located in Dhanmondi, Dhaka.

Md. Helal Chowdhury, the District and Sessions Judge Dhaka, is the current President and Bikash Kumar Saha, Joint Secretary at the Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, is the Secretary-General of the Association.[5]

References
  1. "Home : Supreme Court of Bangladesh". www.supremecourt.gov.bd. Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  2. "Legal system of Bangladesh". Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  3. Sarkar, Ashutosh (8 July 2017). "Top court faces acute shortage of judges". The Daily Star.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-09-25. Retrieved 2017-07-07.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. "Chief Justice, law minister attend BJSA Iftar". Daily Sun. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
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