Junud al-Sham
Junud al-Sham (Soldiers of the Levant), sometimes also called Jund al-Sham,[3] is a group of Chechen and Lebanese Sunni mujahideen that fight in the Syrian Civil War and are led by Muslim Abu Walid al Shishani.
Junud al-Sham | |
---|---|
جنود الشام | |
Logo of Junud al-Sham | |
Leaders | Muslim Abu Walid al Shishani[1] |
Dates of operation | 2012 – present |
Group(s) | Liwaa Usud al-Idlam Artillery and Infantry Battalion (former)[2] |
Headquarters | Jisr al-Shughur[3] |
Active regions | Syria |
Ideology | Sunni Islamism Salafi movement |
Size | 30 (2016 estimate)[6] |
Allies | Ahrar al-Sham[5] Tahrir al-Sham[1] Group of the One and Only[7] |
Opponents | Syria Iran Russia Syrian Resistance Hezbollah Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (2017-2018) |
Battles and wars | Syrian Civil War |
History
Unlike many other foreign mujahideen, Junud al-Sham remained mostly independent from other Syrian rebel groups. Many of its fighters defected to Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant commander Abu Omar al-Shishani in 2014. The remainder of the group remained combat-ready, and continued to take part in military operations in 2015.[3] Financial difficulties caused a further decline, however, and some sources claimed that it was reduced to merely 30 fighters by early 2016.[6] Many of its members had reportedly left in order to join the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. In a video address, Muslim Shishani consequently reproached other insurgent groups in Syria for not providing assistance, which regional expert Joanna Paraszczuk described as a "rant".[6][9] In September 2016, Junud al-Sham travelled to Hama Governorate in order to fight in a local rebel offensive.[10] Later that year, there were reports according to which the group had dissolved, reportedly as result of clashes with Ahrar al-Sham,[11] with many of its Chechen fighters reportedly joining Ajnad al-Kavkaz.[12]
Despite these reports, however, other reports suggested remnants of Junud al-Sham were still active by 2018. In January 2018, pro-government media reported that "a military source in Damascus" said the group took part in a major military campaign against the government in northwestern Syria.[13] Meanwhile, the Turkish newspaper Yeni Akit claimed he was participating in the Turkish military operation in Afrin.[14] However, Shishani denied that he or his followers were in Afrin, and confirmed he was in Hama, fighting alongside another Chechen militia, Tarkhan Gaziyev's Katiba Abd Ar-Rahman.[15] A German foreign fighter with the group named Abu Khalid al-Shami said in an interview from 22 July 2019 that the group clashed with ISIL in Abu Dali.[16]
References
- "Split Among North Caucasian Fighters in Syria". The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst. 2 July 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ""Jaish al-Hama" regional rebel merger pledges allegiance to Hayat Tahrir al-Sham". Conflict News. 15 August 2017. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017.
- Mairbek Vatchagaev (1 October 2015). "Is Moscow Set to Target Russians Fighting Against Assad in Syria?". Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- "Syrian opposition groups fail to capture Aleppo prison". Al Monitor. 2 February 2014. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
- "Chechen al Qaeda commander, popular Saudi cleric, and an Ahrar al Sham leader spotted on front lines in Latakia". Long War Journal. 27 March 2014. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
- Joanna Paraszczuk (12 January 2016). "Muslim Shishani makes video address about situation in Latakia". From Chechnya to Syria. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- "GUEST POST: The 4 Chechen Brigades In Jamaat Ahadun Ahad". From Chechnya To Syria. 16 August 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- Weiss, Caleb (23 April 2015). "Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria involved in new Idlib offensive". Long War Journal.
- "Chechens Fighting in Syria Increasingly Joining Forces With Islamic State". Jamestown Foundation. 3 March 2016.
- Fadel, Leith (14 September 2016). "Chechen jihadist group joins rebels in northern Hama". Al-Masdar News. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
- "Der Syrische Bürgerkrieg - Update 19 04 2017". Truppendienst.com (Austrian Armed Forces) (in German). 27 April 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
- Rao Komar (19 November 2016). "Most Chechens left and joined Ajnad al-Kavkaz. Junud leader Muslim Shishani has not joined another group and is not fighting currently". Retrieved 10 May 2017.
- Leith Aboufadel (26 January 2018). "Al-Qaeda linked Chechen group and infamous commander head to southern Idlib to fight Syrian Army". al-Masdar News. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- "Ünlü Çeçen komutan Zeytin Dalı operasyonuna katıldı". yeniakit (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 1 February 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
- Joanna Paraszczuk (29 January 2018). "Tarkhan's jamaat (Katiba abd ar-Rahman) fighting in Hama alongside Muslim Shishani". From Chechnya to Syria. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (8 September 2019). "A German Muhajir in al-Sham: Interview". Retrieved 26 September 2020.