Kawanishi Aircraft Company

The Kawanishi Aircraft Company (川西航空機) was a Japanese aircraft manufacturer during World War II.

Kawanishi Aircraft Company
IndustryAircraft production
SuccessorShin Meiwa Industries
Founded1920
Defunct1945
Headquarters
Hyōgo Prefecture
,
Japan

History

The company was founded as Kawanishi Engineering Works in 1920 in Hyōgo Prefecture as an outgrowth of the Kawanishi conglomerate, which had been funding the Nakajima Aircraft Company. Kawanishi built its first aircraft, the Kawanishi K-1 Mail-carrying Aircraft in 1921, and set up an airline, Nippon Koku K.K. (Japan Aviation Co. Ltd) in 1923, designing and building several aircraft for the airline's use. It was forced by the Japanese government to shut down Nippon Koku in 1929, however, with its routes being transferred to the government-owned Nippon Koku Yuso K.K. (Japan Air Transport Co. Ltd.) Kawanishi then split off the former Kawanishi Engineering Works, forming Kawanishi Kokuki KK in 1928, taking all of the Kawanishi Engineering Works' assets.[1][2]

While Kawanishi was best known for its seaplanes, such as the Kawanishi H6K[3] and H8K[4] flying boats, its N1K-J land-based fighter -derived from their Kawanishi N1K1 floatplane fighter[5]- was considered one of the best in the war.[6] After Japan's defeat, the company was reborn as Shin Meiwa Industries (later ShinMaywa), and continued to create flying boats such as the PS-1 and US-2.

Products
Kawanishi N1K
Kawanishi H8K flying boat

References

Notes
  1. Mikesh and Abe 1990, pp. 124–125.
  2. Francillon 1979, p. 20.
  3. Green & 1962 V5, pp. 126–129.
  4. Green & 1962 V5, pp. 131–135.
  5. Green & 1962 V6, pp. 123–126.
  6. Francillon 1979, p. 323.

Bibliography
  • Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.
  • Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Five, Flying Boats. London: Macdonald & Co.(Publishers) Ltd., 1962. ISBN 0-356-01449-5.
  • Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Six, Floatplanes. London: Macdonald & Co.(Publishers) Ltd., 1962.
  • Mikesh, Robert C. and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft, 1910–1941. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2.
  • Richards, M.C. "Kawanishi 4-Motor Flying-Boats (H6K 'Mavis' and H8K 'Emily')". Aircraft in Profile Volume 11. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1972.
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