Kiryat Tiv'on

Kiryat Tiv'on (Hebrew: קִרְיַת טִבְעוֹן‎, also Qiryat Tiv'on) is a town in the Haifa District of Israel, in the hills between the Zvulun (Zebulon) and Jezreel valleys. Kiryat Tiv'on is situated 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southeast of Haifa, on the main road to Nazareth. Kiryat Tiv'on is the result of the municipal merger of several older settlements, Tiv'on (est. 1947), Elro'i (est. 1935), Kiryat Haroshet (est. 1935) and Kiryat Amal (est. 1937). On the outskirts of Tiv'on is a Bedouin township called Basmat Tab'un. In 2019 it had a population of 18,130.[1]

Kiryat Tiv'on

קִרְיַת טִבְעוֹן‎‎
كريات طيفون
Local council (from 1958)
Hebrew transcription(s)
 • ISO 259Qiryat Ṭibˁon
 • Also spelledQiryat Tiv'on (official)
View of Kiryat Tivon
Kiryat Tiv'on
Kiryat Tiv'on
Coordinates: 32°43′26″N 35°7′38″E
District Haifa
Government
 • Head of MunicipalityIdo Greenblum
Area
 • Total8,419 dunams (8.419 km2 or 3.251 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Total18,130
 • Density2,200/km2 (5,600/sq mi)

History
View of Kiryat Tivon from Beit She'arim National Park

Ancient Tiv'on

An ancient Jewish town called Tiv'on existed in the general area. It was mentioned in the Talmud and Mishnah.[2] It is mentioned several times in Talmudic literature in connection with various sages, some of whom lived there.[3]

Ottoman era

In 1859, the village of Tubaun[4] was estimated to have a tillage of 22 feddans.[5] In 1875, Victor Guérin found that the village had 200 inhabitants.[6] In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Tubaun as a small adobe village, on high ground, at the edge of the wood.[5] A population list from about 1887 showed that Tuba'un had about 90 inhabitants; all Muslims.[7]

British Mandate era

The 1922 census of Palestine showed that Tub'un had 151 inhabitants, all Muslim.[8]

The area was acquired by the Jewish community as part of the Sursock Purchase. In 1925 a Zionist organisation purchased 30 feddans in Kiskis (present Alonim) and Tabon (present Kiryat Tiv'on) from the Sursuk family of Beirut. At the time, there were 36 families living there.[9] In the 1931 census Tabun had a population of 239, still all Muslim, in a total of 48 houses.[10] From 1931, and lasting several years, the Jewish Agency struggled to evict the tenant farmers from Tabaun, from the land which was to become Tivon.[11]

In the 1945 statistics, al Tivon (Alonim) (previously Qusqus Taboun) had 370 Muslim and 320 Jewish inhabitants, with a total land area of 5,823 dunams.[12][13] Of this, 141 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 2,038 for cereals,[14] while 3,644 dunams were classified as non-cultivable land.[15]

Kiryat Amal 1938
Kiryat Amal 1939
Tiv’on 1945

State of Israel

Kiryat Tiv'on was established in 1958 merging three small villages Tiv'on (founded in 1947), Kiryat Amal (founded in 1937) and Elro'i (founded in 1935). Kiryat Haroshet, founded by a rabbi from Jablona, Poland who settled there with his followers in 1935, became part of Kiryat Tiv'on in 1979.

Tiv'on was built on land owned by a British Jewish couple who bought the land in early 1945. It was later developed by the Jewish National Fund based on an urban plan drawn up by Alexander Klein, a Russian Jewish architect who was commissioned by the Jewish National Fund.[16]

The symbol of Kiryat Tiv'on is the cyclamen, a flower that grows between the rocks, reflecting the town's appreciation of nature and its efforts to preserve the landscape and safeguard the environment.[17]

Education

Landmarks

The town is best known for the national park, Beit She'arim, which borders it on the southwest. Beit Shearim was an important Jewish spiritual center and necropolis during the Roman period, and was once the seat of the Sanhedrin.

Notable residents

Twin towns – sister cities
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel

Kiryat Tiv'on is twinned with:

See also

References
  1. "Population in the Localities 2019" (XLS). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  2. https://www.kkl-jnf.org/tourism-and-recreation/tours/kiryat-tivon-tour.aspx
  3. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/tivon
  4. from tảba: to press or stamp, according to Palmer, 1881, p. 117
  5. Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 273
  6. Guérin, 1880, pp. 398-399
  7. Schumacher, 1888, p. 175
  8. Barron, 1923, p. 33
  9. according to List of villages sold by Sursocks and their partners to the Zionists since British occupation of Palestine, evidence to the Shaw Commission, 1930
  10. Mills, 1932, p. 96
  11. Avneri, 1984, pp. 156-7
  12. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 15
  13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 49
  14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 92
  15. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 142
  16. Revista Morashá - Artigos
  17. http://www.ktv.org.il/ Municipality website
  18. "about oranim college". www.oranim.ac.il. Archived from the original on 2016-10-29. Retrieved 2016-10-21.
  19. About Ramat Hadassah Youth Village
  20. "Braunschweigs Partner und Freundschaftsstädte" [Braunschweig - Partner and Friendship Cities]. Stadt Braunschweig [City of Braunschweig] (in German). Archived from the original on 2012-12-01. Retrieved 2013-08-07.

Bibliography
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