Kuparuk River Oil Field
The Kuparuk River Oil Field, or Kuparuk, located in North Slope Borough, Alaska, United States, is the second largest oil field in North America by area. It produces approximately 120,000 barrels per day (~6.0×106 t/a) of oil and is estimated to have 2 billion barrels (320×106 m3) of recoverable oil reserves.[1] It is named for the Kuparuk River.
| Kuparuk River Oil Field | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Country | United States |
| Region | Alaska North Slope |
| Offshore/onshore | onshore |
| Coordinates | 70.3372°N 149.8504°W |
| Operator | ConocoPhillips |
| Field history | |
| Discovery | April 1969, Sinclair's Ugnu 1 well |
| Start of development | 1979 |
| Start of production | December 13, 1981 |
| Peak of production | 322,000 barrels per day (~1.60×107 t/a) |
| Peak year | 1992 |
| Production | |
| Current production of oil | 230,000 barrels per day (~1.1×107 t/a) |
| Estimated oil in place | 6,000 million barrels (~8.2×108 t) |
Kuparuk was discovered by Sinclair Oil in April 1969 at the Ugnu Number 1 well, named for the nearby Ugnuravik River.[2] Oil was found in the Kuparuk sandstone on the Colville structure.[3] Production was first announced by ARCO in 1979 and planned to start in 1982. Production actually began December 13, 1981, on five small gravel drilling pads. Production was expected to peak in 1986 at 250,000 barrels per day (40,000 m3/d), but did not peak until 1992 at 322,000 barrels per day (51,200 m3/d).[4]
Climate
Kuparuk River Oil Field has a Tundra climate (ET)[5] because the warmest month has an average temperature between 0 °C (32 °F) and 10 °C (50 °F).
| Climate data for Kuparuk, Alaska | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 37 (3) |
39 (4) |
38 (3) |
46 (8) |
67 (19) |
83 (28) |
86 (30) |
82 (28) |
67 (19) |
49 (9) |
39 (4) |
35 (2) |
86 (30) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 18.6 (−7.4) |
16.5 (−8.6) |
16.9 (−8.4) |
28.4 (−2.0) |
43.6 (6.4) |
68.9 (20.5) |
74.3 (23.5) |
68.1 (20.1) |
56.9 (13.8) |
37.6 (3.1) |
25.5 (−3.6) |
19.7 (−6.8) |
76.7 (24.8) |
| Average high °F (°C) | −11.3 (−24.1) |
−10.9 (−23.8) |
−8.4 (−22.4) |
8.7 (−12.9) |
28.1 (−2.2) |
47.4 (8.6) |
56.0 (13.3) |
50.8 (10.4) |
39.2 (4.0) |
21.5 (−5.8) |
4.0 (−15.6) |
−4.7 (−20.4) |
18.4 (−7.6) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | −17.6 (−27.6) |
−17.5 (−27.5) |
−15.5 (−26.4) |
1.2 (−17.1) |
22.6 (−5.2) |
40.2 (4.6) |
47.5 (8.6) |
43.9 (6.6) |
34.1 (1.2) |
16.2 (−8.8) |
−2.5 (−19.2) |
−11.3 (−24.1) |
11.8 (−11.2) |
| Average low °F (°C) | −23.9 (−31.1) |
−24.0 (−31.1) |
−22.6 (−30.3) |
−6.3 (−21.3) |
17.0 (−8.3) |
33.0 (0.6) |
39.0 (3.9) |
36.9 (2.7) |
28.9 (−1.7) |
10.9 (−11.7) |
−8.9 (−22.7) |
−17.8 (−27.7) |
5.2 (−14.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −42.8 (−41.6) |
−43.7 (−42.1) |
−39.3 (−39.6) |
−26.7 (−32.6) |
−3.1 (−19.5) |
23.7 (−4.6) |
29.8 (−1.2) |
27.6 (−2.4) |
17.6 (−8.0) |
−9.9 (−23.3) |
−27.6 (−33.1) |
−37.5 (−38.6) |
−46.9 (−43.8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −55 (−48) |
−58 (−50) |
−53 (−47) |
−37 (−38) |
−21 (−29) |
14 (−10) |
12 (−11) |
16 (−9) |
2 (−17) |
−29 (−34) |
−44 (−42) |
−47 (−44) |
−58 (−50) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.13 (3.3) |
0.17 (4.3) |
0.08 (2.0) |
0.14 (3.6) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.32 (8.1) |
0.87 (22) |
1.06 (27) |
0.48 (12) |
0.35 (8.9) |
0.16 (4.1) |
0.13 (3.3) |
3.96 (100.4) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 2.6 (6.6) |
2.5 (6.4) |
2.2 (5.6) |
2.8 (7.1) |
1.7 (4.3) |
0.5 (1.3) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.3 (0.76) |
3.0 (7.6) |
8.4 (21) |
4.6 (12) |
3.5 (8.9) |
32.1 (81.56) |
| Source: WRCC [6] | |||||||||||||
References
- Kuparuk oil field from mtri.org
- Petroleum News. Kuparuk discovery made by Sinclair at Ugnu No. 1
- Sweet, J.M., 2008, Discovery at Prudhoe Bay, Blaine: Hancock House, ISBN 0888396309, pp. 162-163
- Petroleum News. Production begins 3 months early - Kuparuk comes online in December ’81 from 5 gravel drill sites in 20-mile square ARCO-owned area.
- McKnightand Hess, pp.235-7
- Kuparuk, Alaska - Period of Record : 5/1/1953 to 2/24/1985 Archived 2017-05-25 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
Further reading
- Jamison, H.C., Brockett, L.D., and McIntosh, R.A., 1980, Prudhoe Bay - A 10-Year Perspective, in Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade: 1968-1978, AAPG Memoir 30, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, ISBN 0891813063.