Kururi Domain

Kururi Domain (久留里藩, Kururi-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Kazusa Province (modern-day central Chiba Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Kururi Castle in what is now the city of Kimitsu, Chiba.

Kururi Domain
久留里藩
under Tokugawa shogunate Japan
1590–1871
CapitalKururi Castle
  TypeDaimyō
Historical eraEdo period
 Established
1590
 Disestablished
1871
Today part ofpart of Chiba Prefecture
Reconstructed keep of Kururi Castle, administrative center of Kururi Domain

History

The original Kururi Castle was a mountain-top fortification built during the Muromachi period by Takeda Nobunaga (1401–1477), and was ruled by his descendants, the Mariya clan, from 1540. With the expansion of the Satomi clan from Awa Province in the Sengoku period, the castle was taken over by Satomi Yoshitaka, who used it as his base of operations against the Hōjō clan, based at Odawara Castle. The Hōjō attempted to take Kururi unsuccessfully on a few occasions, and finally seized it in 1564. They lost it just three years later in 1567, when the Satomi regained control.

Following the Battle of Odawara, Toyotomi Hideyoshi punished the Satomi clan for their lukewarm support of his campaigns by depriving them of their territories in Kazusa Province. With the entry of Tokugawa Ieyasu into the Kantō region, he assigned the fortifications at Kururi to one of his retainers, Matsudaira (Osuga) Tadamasa, the son of one of his Four Generals, Sakakibara Yasumasa, and appointed him as daimyō of the newly created 30,000 koku Kururi Domain.

Osuga Tadamasa built most of the current fortifications of Kururi Castle, and established a castle town at its base. Following the Battle of Sekigahara, the Osuga clan was transferred to Yokosuka Castle in Suruga Province, and were replaced by the Tsuchiya clan with a reduction in revenues to 20,000 koku from 1601-1679. The domain was suppressed in 1679 when Tsuchiya Naoki was declared unfit to rule due to insanity, and his son was demoted to a 3000 koku hatamoto.

Kururi was administered as tenryō territory directly under the control of the Tokugawa shogunate until 1742. In July 1742, Kuroda Naozumi, daimyō of Numata Domain in Kozuke Province was transferred to Kururi, and the han was revived. His descendants continued to rule Kururi until the Meiji Restoration. The final daimyo of Kururi Domain, Kuroda Naotaka, initially served as a guard for the pro-Tokugawa forces at the Battle of Ueno in the Boshin War, but then changed his allegiance to the new Meiji government two months later. He was appointed domain governor under the new administration, until the abolition of the han system in July 1871. Kururi Domain became “Kururi Prefecture”, which merged with the short lived “Kisarazu Prefecture” in November 1871, which later became part of Chiba Prefecture.

The domain had a population of 1189 samurai in 253 households, 143 ashigaru in 74 households, and 20,766 commoners in 4465 households per an 1869 census. The domain maintained its primary residence (kamiyashiki) in Edo at Hiro-koji, in Shitaya.[1]

Holdings at the end of the Edo period

As with most domains in the han system, Kururi Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields.[2][3] In the case of Kururi Domain, these territories were scattered over a wide area of Musashi Province and Kazusa Province.

List of daimyō

    #NameTenureCourtesy titleCourt Rankkokudaka
    Osuga clan (fudai) 1590-1601
    1Osuga Tafamasa (大須賀 忠政)1590–1601Dewa-no-kami (出羽守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    Tsuchiya clan (fudai) 1602-1679[4]
    1Tsuchiya Tadanao (土屋 忠直)1602–1612Mibu-no-sho (民部少輔)Lower 5th (従五位下)20,000 koku
    2Tsuchiya Toshinao (土屋 利直)1612–1675Mibu-no-sho (民部少輔)Lower 5th (従五位下)20,000 koku
    3Tsuchiya Naoki (土屋 直樹)1675–1679Iyo-no-kami (伊予守)Lower 5th (従五位下)20,000 koku
    Kuroda clan (fudai) 1742-1871
    1Kuroda Naozumi (黒田 直純)1742–1775Yamato-no-kami (大和守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    2Kuroda Naoyuki (黒田 直亨)1775–1784Buzen-no-kami (豊前守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    3Kuroda Naohide (黒田 直英)1784–1786Izumi-no-kami (和泉守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    4Kuroda Naoatsu (黒田 直温)1786–1801Yamato-no-kami (大和守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    5Kuroda Naokata (黒田 直方)1801–1812Buzen-no-kami (豊前守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    6Kuroda Naoyoshi (黒田 直侯)1812–1823Buzen-no-kami (豊前守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    7Kuroda Naochika (黒田 直静)1823–1854Buzen-no-kami (豊前守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    8Kuroda Naoyasu (黒田 直和)1854–1860Ise-no-kami (伊勢守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku
    9Kuroda Naotaka (黒田 直養)1860–1871Chikugo-no-kami (筑後守)Lower 5th (従五位下)30,000 koku

    References

    • Papinot, E (1910). Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan. Tuttle (reprint) 1972.

    Notes

    1. Edo daimyo.net Archived 2016-01-12 at the Wayback Machine (in Japanese)
    2. Mass, Jeffrey P. and William B. Hauser. (1987). The Bakufu in Japanese History, p. 150.
    3. Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century, p. 18.
    4. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon; Papinot, (2003). "Tsuchiya" at Nobiliare du Japon, p. 65; retrieved 2013-5-15.
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