Legislative assemblies of Canadian provinces and territories

This is a list of the Legislative Assemblies of Canada's provinces and territories. Each province's legislative assembly, along with the province's Lieutenant Governor, form the province's legislature (which is called a parliament or general assembly in some provinces). Historically, several provinces had bicameral legislatures, but they all eventually dissolved their upper house or merged it with their lower house.

Current legislative assemblies of provinces and territories of Canada

Table of legislative assemblies by history and by jurisdiction

Federal legislature for Canada
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Canada
1867– Parliament of Canada House of Commons of Canada Senate of Canada

Legislatures of provinces
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Alberta
1870–1876 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A Temporary North-West Council
1876–1888 1st Council of the Northwest Territories
1888–1905 North-West Legislative Assembly N/A
1905– Legislature of Alberta Legislative Assembly of Alberta N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
British Columbia
1866–1871 Governor-in-Council of the Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871) N/A Legislative Council of British Columbia
1871– Parliament of British Columbia Legislative Assembly of British Columbia N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Manitoba
1870–1876 Legislature of Manitoba Legislative Assembly of Manitoba Legislative Council of Manitoba
1876– N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
New Brunswick
1758–1784 General Assembly of Nova Scotia Nova Scotia House of Assembly Nova Scotia Council
1784–1891 New Brunswick Legislature Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick Legislative Council of New Brunswick
1891– N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Newfoundland and Labrador
1833–1934 General Assembly of Newfoundland Newfoundland House of Assembly Legislative Council of Newfoundland
1934–1949 Governor-in-Council of Newfoundland N/A Commission of Government
1949–2001 General Assembly of Newfoundland Newfoundland House of Assembly N/A
2001– General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Nova Scotia
1758–1838 General Assembly of Nova Scotia Nova Scotia House of Assembly Nova Scotia Council
1838–1928 Legislative Council of Nova Scotia
1928– N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Ontario
1763–1791 Governor-in-Council of the Province of Quebec (1763–91) N/A Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec
1791–1841 Parliament of Upper Canada Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada Legislative Council of Upper Canada
1841–1867 Parliament of the Province of Canada Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada Legislative Council of the Province of Canada
1867– Parliament of Ontario Legislative Assembly of Ontario N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Prince Edward Island
1758–1769 General Assembly of Nova Scotia Nova Scotia House of Assembly Nova Scotia Council
1769–1893 General Assembly of Prince Edward Island House of Assembly of Prince Edward Island Legislative Council of Prince Edward Island[1]
1893– Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Quebec
1763–1791 Governor-in-Council of the Province of Quebec (1763–91) N/A Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec
1791–1838 Parliament of Lower Canada Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada Legislative Council of Lower Canada
1838–1841 N/A Special Council of Lower Canada
1841–1867 Parliament of the Province of Canada Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada Legislative Council of the Province of Canada
1867–1968 Quebec Legislature Legislative Assembly of Quebec Legislative Council of Quebec
1968– National Assembly of Quebec N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Saskatchewan
1870–1876 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A Temporary North-West Council
1876–1888 1st Council of the Northwest Territories
1888–1905 North-West Legislative Assembly N/A
1905– Legislature of Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan N/A

Legislatures of territories
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Northwest Territories
1870–1876 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A Temporary North-West Council
1876–1888 1st Council of the Northwest Territories
1888–1905 North-West Legislative Assembly N/A
1905–1951 Commissioner-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories
1951–1975 Northwest Territories Legislative Council N/A
1975– Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Nunavut
1870–1876 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A Temporary North-West Council
1876–1888 1st Council of the Northwest Territories
1888–1905 North-West Legislative Assembly N/A
1905–1951 Commissioner-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories
1951–1975 Northwest Territories Legislative Council N/A
1975–1999 Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories
1999– Commissioner-in-Council of Nunavut Legislative Assembly of Nunavut N/A
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Yukon
1870–1876 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A Temporary North-West Council
1876–1888 1st Council of the Northwest Territories
1888–1905 North-West Legislative Assembly N/A
1898–1909 Commissioner-in-Council of Yukon N/A Yukon Territorial Council
1909–1978 Yukon Territorial Council N/A
1978– Legislature of Yukon Yukon Legislative Assembly

Legislatures of former colonies and territories
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Colony of British Columbia
1858–1866 Governor-in-Council of the Colony of British Columbia N/A Colonial Assembly of British Columbia
1866 merged into British Columbia
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Colony of Cape Breton
1784–1820 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of Cape Breton N/A Cape Breton Council
1820 merged into Nova Scotia
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
District of Keewatin
1870–1876 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of the Northwest Territories N/A Temporary North-West Council
1876–1877 Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council of Keewatin Council of Keewatin
1877–1905 N/A
1905 land split between Ontario, Manitoba, and Northwest Territories
Period Parliament Lower house Upper house
Colony of Vancouver Island
1849–1855 Governor-in-Council of Vancouver Island N/A N/A
1855–1866 Legislature of Vancouver Island Legislative Assembly of Vancouver Island
1866 merged into British Columbia

Governing parties in modern assemblies
Current provincial/territorial governments (as of October 2020)
Province/Territory Premier[2] Party in government[2] Party political position Majority
/Minority		 Lieutenant Governor/
Commissioner[3]
Alberta Jason Kenney United Conservative Centre-right to right-wing[4][5] ◕ Majority Salma Lakhani
British Columbia John Horgan New Democratic Centre-left to left-wing[6][7] ◕ Majority Janet Austin
Manitoba Brian Pallister Progressive Conservative Centre-right ◕ Majority Janice Filmon
New Brunswick Blaine Higgs[8] Progressive Conservative Centre-right ◕ Majority Brenda Murphy
Newfoundland and Labrador Andrew Furey Liberal Centre to centre-left ◔ Minority Judy Foote
Nova Scotia Stephen McNeil Liberal Centre to centre-left[9] ◕ Majority Arthur Joseph LeBlanc
Ontario Doug Ford Progressive Conservative Centre-right ◕ Majority Elizabeth Dowdeswell
Prince Edward Island Dennis King Progressive Conservative Centre-right ◕ Majority Antoinette Perry
Quebec François Legault Coalition Avenir Québec[10][11] Centre-right ◕ Majority J. Michel Doyon
Saskatchewan Scott Moe Saskatchewan Party Centre-right[12][13][14][15] ◕ Majority Russell Mirasty
Northwest Territories Caroline Cochrane Consensus government Nonpartisan Margaret Thom
Nunavut Joe Savikataaq Consensus government Nonpartisan Eva Aariak
Yukon Sandy Silver Liberal Centre to centre-left ◕ Majority Angélique Bernard

    References
    1. The Legislative Council was an elected body from 1862 to 1893. "Elections PEI: Provincial Electoral Reform". Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
    2. "Premiers". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved August 6, 2013.
    3. "Lieutenant Governors and Territorial Commissioners". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved August 6, 2013.
    4. "Canada: Jason Kenney and United Conservatives win Alberta election". The Guardian. The Guardian. 17 April 2019.
    5. "Jason Kenney rides UCP wave to majority government in Alberta". CBC. CBC.
    6. Magnusson, Warren; Shaw, Karena (2003). A Political Space: Reading the Global Through Clayoquot Sound. U of Minnesota Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-8166-4039-3.
    7. Susan Lee Kang (2008). Contestation and Collectivies: Protecting Labor Organizing Rights in the Global Economy. ProQuest. p. 315. ISBN 978-0-549-63283-2. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
    8. Brian Gallant's minority government defeated after losing confidence vote
    9. The Canadian Press; The Chronicle Herald. Liberal Premier Stephen McNeil: Nova Scotia's soft-spoken fiscal hawk.
    10. Philip Authier, "Inside the CAQ cabinet: François Legault names 13 women, 13 men," Montreal Gazette, October 18, 2018.
    11. "Meet the key cabinet ministers in the new Coalition Avenir Québec government", CBC News, October 18, 2018.
    12. Randy Boswell; Saskatoon StarPhoenix and Regina Leader-Post; Lynn McAuley (1 January 2005). Province with a Heart: Celebrating 100 Years in Saskatchewan. CanWest Books. p. 205. ISBN 978-0-9736719-0-2.
    13. Linda Trimble; Jane Arscott; Manon Tremblay (31 May 2013). Stalled: The Representation of Women in Canadian Governments. UBC Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-7748-2522-1.
    14. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (1 March 2012). Britannica Book of the Year 2012. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. p. 378. ISBN 978-1-61535-618-8.
    15. Charles S. Mack (2010). When Political Parties Die: A Cross-national Analysis of Disalignment and Realignment. ABC-CLIO. p. 225. ISBN 978-0-313-38546-9.
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