List of Birmingham City F.C. players (1–24 appearances)

Birmingham City Football Club, an English association football club based in the city of Birmingham, was founded in 1875 under the name of Small Heath Alliance. They first entered the FA Cup in the 1881–82 season. When nationally organised league football began in 1888, the club, by then called simply Small Heath F.C., were not invited to join the Football League. Instead, they became a founder member of the Football Alliance, which was formed a year later. In 1892, the Football League decided to expand, and invited the Alliance clubs to join; as one of the less successful members of the Alliance, Small Heath were placed in the newly formed Second Division. The club's first team have competed in numerous nationally and internationally organised competitions, and all players who have played between 1 and 24 such matches are listed below.

Small Heath F.C. pictured in 1893 with the Football League Second Division trophy. Includes players Teddy Jolley (standing, left), Bernard Pumfrey (seated, second left), and Jack Lee (on ground, right).

More than 500 Birmingham players have appeared in such matches but failed to reach the 25-match milestone. In the early days, the scarcity of nationally organised competitive football meant players could spend many years with the club while making few such outings. Brothers Fred, Tommy and Arthur James, who was the club captain from 1878 to 1885, were founder members of Small Heath Alliance but made only 24 between them.[1]

Numerous players left Birmingham to seek opportunities with other teams. Fred Pentland, who played in one FA Cup tie as a youngster for Birmingham, went on to play for England, coach the German and French Olympic teams, and manage Athletic Bilbao to consecutive La Liga–Copa del Rey "doubles".[2][3] He was succeeded as Athletic's manager by Ralph Kirby.[3] Steve Finnan, whose professional career began at the club, went on to win the 2005 Champions League with Liverpool and played for the Republic of Ireland at the 2002 World Cup.[4] Some players' careers were cut short by the two World Wars. For example, Tom Farrage, a "promising young player with an eye for goal", was killed in action serving with the Parachute Regiment in 1944.[5][6]

Many players spent brief periods with Birmingham on loan from other clubs. Some were young players gaining experience: Michael Carrick went on to play more than 300 Premier League matches[7] and Sigurd Rushfeldt became the Norwegian Tippeligaen's all-time top scorer.[8] Other loanees had an established career but were not needed by their owning club: Nigeria international Obafemi Martins scored Birmingham's winning goal against Arsenal in the 2011 Football League Cup Final before his loan spell was cut short by injury.[9]

Key
  • The list is ordered first by number of appearances in total, then by number of League appearances, and then if necessary by date of debut.
  • Appearances as a substitute are included.
  • Statistics are correct up to and including the match played on 6 February 2021. Where a player left the club permanently after this date, his statistics are updated to his date of leaving.
Player
Players marked * were registered for the club as at the date specified above.
Players with name in italics and marked were on loan from another club for the duration of their Birmingham career. The loaning club is noted in the Notes column.
Positions key
Pre-1960s 1960s–
GK Goalkeeper
FB Full back DF Defender
HB Half back MF Midfielder
FW Forward
U Utility player
Position
Playing positions are listed according to the tactical formations that were employed at the time. Thus the change in the names of defensive and midfield positions reflects the tactical evolution that occurred from the 1960s onwards.[upper-alpha 1]
Club career
Club career is defined as the first and last calendar years in which the player appeared for the club in any of the competitions listed below.
League appearances and League goals
League appearances and goals comprise those in the Football Alliance, the Football League and the Premier League. Appearances in the 1939–40 Football League season, abandoned after three games because of the Second World War, are excluded.
Total appearances and Total goals
Total appearances and goals comprise those in the Football Alliance, Football League (including test matches and play-offs), Premier League, FA Cup, League Cup, Europa League, Associate Members' Cup/Football League Trophy, Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, Anglo-Italian Cup, Texaco Cup, Anglo-Scottish Cup and Full Members' Cup. Matches in wartime competitions are excluded.
International selection
Countries are listed only for players who have been selected for international football. Only the highest level of international competition is given, except where a player competed for more than one country, in which case the highest level reached for each country is shown.
Between 1926 and 1950, two competing football teams claimed to represent the island of Ireland.[10] Some players, including Birmingham's Owen Madden, appeared for both teams. For more information, see Ireland national football team (1882–1950) and Republic of Ireland national football team.
Caps
For players having played at full international level, the caps column counts the number of such appearances during his career with the club.

Players with fewer than 25 appearances
Harry Wilcox went on to play more than 300 times for Plymouth Argyle and captained the club to the 1913 Southern League title.[11]
Archie Roe played for six clubs in the Football League but made only 59 appearances in total.[12]
Steve Finnan, who began his professional career with Birmingham, played for the Republic of Ireland in the 2002 World Cup and won the Champions League in 2005 with Liverpool.[4]
Mauro Zárate scored Lazio's goal in the 2009 Coppa Italia Final.[13]
Loanee Obafemi Martins scored Birmingham's winning goal in the 2011 Football League Cup Final.[9]
Table of players, including playing position, club statistics and international selection
Player Pos Club career League[upper-alpha 2] Total[upper-alpha 2] International selection[upper-alpha 3] Caps[upper-alpha 3] Notes Refs
Apps Goals Apps Goals
Johnny Jordan FW1949–1950242242——
Jack Thorogood FW1930–1934232242——
Alberto Tarantini DF1978–1979231241 Argentina0
Isaac Vassell FW2017–2019231241——
Charlie Duncan FW1913–1915226249——
Frank McKee HB1948–1950220240——
Keith Bowker FW1970–1972215246——
Andy Gosney GK1992–1993210240 England youth—[15]
Darren Anderton MF2004–2005203243 England0
Adam Fraser FB1895–1896190240——
Paul Fenwick DF1992–1994190240 Canada0
Alexander Hleb MF2010–2011191242 Belarus4[L 1]
Ken Charlery FW1995174246 Saint Lucia0
Gary Sprake GK1973–1975160240 Wales5
Teddy Jolley HB1893–1895232232——
Alex McIntosh FW1947–1948234234——
Dennis Hodgetts FW1896–1897229239 England0
Billy Thirlaway FW1926–1927221231——
Jimmy Conlin FW1911–1912212232 England0
Wally Halsall HB1938–1939210230——
Paul Moulden FW1993–1994205235 England youth— [16]
Steve Vickers DF2001–2003191231——[L 2]
Greg Downs DF1990170231——
Charlie Simms HB1884–1893100230——
Frank Foxall FW1910–1911213223——
Greg Stewart FW2016–2017210220——
George Friend * DF2020–present200220——[17]
Dougie Bell MF1989–1991160220 Scotland U21— [18]
Gary Bull FW
  • 1994
  • 1996
166228—— [L 3]
Steve Finnan MF1995–1996151221 Republic of Ireland0
Billy Blyth U1929–1930214214——
Wilson Lewis FW1897–1898207217——
John Ballantyne FW1913–1914202212——
Mikel San José * MF2020–present200210 Spain0 [19]
Jack McKay FW1910–1911192212——
Quincy Owusu-Abeyie MF2008192213
  • 2
  •  
 [L 4][20]
Will Packwood DF2012–2014180210 United States U23— [21]
Charlie Craven FW1938–1939172212——
Adam Legzdins GK2015–2017150210——
Dennis Clarke DF1973–1975140210——
Neal Eardley DF2013–2016140210 Wales0
Jack Needham FW1909–1910205205——
Roger Willis MF1994195205 England semi-pro— [22]
Willie Gildea HB1911–1912181201——
Kemy Agustien MF2008–2009180200
  • 0
  •  
 [L 5]
Olly Lee MF2013–2014161202——
Reece Brown MF2013–2017160200 England U20—
Mike Newell FW1996–1997151203 England B— [23]
Matt Derbyshire FW2010–2011130203 England U21— [L 6]
Albert Rawson FW1923199199——
Francis McGurk FW1933–1934193193 Scotland1
Archie Garrett FW1947–1948195195——
Bobby Laing FW1947–1949192192——
Geoff Scott DF1982190190——
Carl Richards FW1988–1989192192 England semi-pro— [24]
Charlie Short FW
  • 1890
  • 1890–1891
18111912——
Lloyd Dyer MF2015181191——[L 7]
Jonathan Leko * MF2020–present180190 England U20— [25][26]
Bud Brocken FW1981–1982170190 Netherlands0
Rowan Vine FW2007171191——
Kyle Bartley DF2013–2014173195 England U17— [L 8][27]
Arthur Gardner FW1898–18991691911——
Graham Leggat FW1967–1968164194 Scotland0
Danny Wallace FW1993–1994162192 England0
David Edgar DF2014–2015161191 Canada9
Mark McCarrick DF1983–1984150190——
Miguel de Souza FW1994–1995150190——
Terry Lees DF1979–1981120190——
Richard Scott DF1993–1995120190——
Jack Kirton FW1897–1898182182——
George Gallimore FW1910–1911181181——
Sid Moffat FW1933–1935183183——
Federico Macheda FW201418101810 Italy U21—[L 9]
Bert Linnecor U1956–1957170180——
Jesper Grønkjær MF2004160181 Denmark4
Willie Johnston FW1979–1980150180 Scotland0 [L 10][28]
Ricky Sbragia DF1974–1978141181——
Jefferson Montero MF2019–2020140180 Ecuador0[L 8]
Colin Brazier MF1982–1983111181 England semi-pro— [29]
George Layton U1899–1900173173——
Billy Peplow FW1907–1908170170——
Billy Smith FW1908–1909175175——
Ernie Edwards HB1913–1915170170——
Emyr Huws MF2014172172 Wales1[L 11]
Fran Villalba * MF2019–present171171 Spain U19— [30]
James Short FW1919–192016101710——
Jim Roach GK1895–1896150170——
Harry Wilcox FW1898–1899153173——
Tot Pike FW1928–1929154174——
James Vaughan FW2015–2016150170 England U21—[L 12]
William Meates GK1895–1896140170——
Stan Davies FW1927–1928142175 Wales0
Bill Finney FW1955–1957140171——
Mark Burchill FW2000134175 Scotland0[L 13]
Bernard Lowe FW1908–1910163163——
Jack Coxford HB1927–1930160160——
Hameur Bouazza MF2009161161 Algeria2 [L 14][31]
Micky Good FW1896–1898151161——
Moses Lane FW1923–1924154164——
Alan Miller GK1991–1992150160 England U21—[L 15][18]
Trésor Luntala MF2001150160 DR Congo0
Rafael Schmitz DF2007–2008150160——[L 16]
Andros Townsend MF2012150160 England0[L 17]
Omar Bogle FW2018151161 England C— [L 18][32]
Charles Sprigg FW
  • 1912–1913
  • 1914–1915
140160——
Mick Darrell FW1965–1970142162——
Jim Blyth GK1982–1983140160 Scotland0
Peter Ramage DF2012140160——[L 19]
Adam Clayton * MF2020–present140160 England U20— [33][26]
Tom Scrivens FW1899–1900135169——
Dwight Yorke FW2004–2005132162 Trinidad and Tobago4 [34]
Phil Sproson DF1989120161——
Eamonn Dolan FW1991121161 Republic of Ireland U21—[35]
Koby Arthur MF2013–2015120160——
Martin Jiránek DF2010–2011100160 Czech Republic0
Ian Richardson MF1995–199670160 England semi-pro— [36]
Tom White FB1919–1920150150——
Charlie Bosbury FW1922–1923150150——
Aubrey Powell FW1950151151 Wales1
Paul Barnes FW1996157157——
Matthew Fox DF1989–1991140150——
Bob Meacock HB1938–1939130150——
David Bentley MF2011130151 England0[L 17]
Owen Madden FW1938–1939121155
  • 0
  • 0
Brian Rushton DF1963120150——
Les Sealey GK1992120150——[L 20]
Ronnie Morris FW1988–1989110150 English Schools— [37]
Gilbert Smith FB1893140140——
Jack Higginson FW1900–1901144144——
George Southall FW1906–1907140140——
Mauro Zárate FW2008144144 Argentina U20—[L 21]
Scott Sinclair MF2009140140
— [L 22]
Bernard Pumfrey FB1892–1894121141——
Hugh Evans FW1949–1950110140——
Darryl Powell MF2002–2003110140 Jamaica0
Charlie Lakin * MF2018–present100140——[38]
Tom Handley HB1907–1909130130——
Edmund Harvey FW1924–1927130130——
Paddy Mills FW1929133133——
Isaiah Rankin FW2000134134 Cayman Islands0[L 23]
Johan Djourou DF2007130130  Switzerland5[L 15]
Rob Hall FW2012–2013130130 England U19—[L 24]
Jesse Lingard MF2013136136 England0[L 9]
Kerim Frei MF2017131131
  • 0
  •  
William Reynolds FB1893–1894120130——
Ray Shaw MF1937–1946120130—— [lower-alpha 1]
Jack Wheeler GK1938–1948120130——
Paul Holmes DF1992–1993120130——
Alonzo Drake FW1907–1908112132——
Robbie Blake FW2005112132——
Jim Barrett FW1959–1960104135——
Folorunso Okenla MF1991–199271131 Nigeria0
Thomas Davenport FW
  • 1885–1886
  • 1889–1890
51138——
James Williams FW1908–1909123123 Wales0 [40]
Harry Graham FW1911–1912124124——
Bernard Smith FB1932–1935120120——
Jack Kelly FW1938121121——
Kevin Dearden GK1992120120——[L 17]
Vinny Samways MF1996120120 England U21— [L 25][18]
Rob Kiernan DF2015121121 Republic of Ireland U21— [L 26]
Cheick Keita DF2017120120 Mali U20— [41]
Connal Trueman * GK2018–present120120——[42]
Harry Lappin FW1909–1910112123——
Bob Bonthron FB1910–1911111121——
Guy Russell FW1985–1988110120——
Paul Williams FW1995110121 England B— [L 27][23]
Kenny Brown DF1997110120—— [L 24][43]
Ian Osborne DF1973–1976100120——
David Speedie FW1992102122 Scotland0[L 28]
Peter Atherton DF2001100120 England U21—[L 23][18]
Daniël de Ridder MF2007–2008100120 Netherlands U21—
Matt Green FW2013101122 England C— [44]
Phil Robinson MF199190120——[L 29]
Míchel MF201090120——
Alex Bruce DF200660120
  • 0
  • 0
Fred James HB1881–188600120——
Tommy Robinson FW1930–1933111111——
Jack Shaw HB1939110110——
Paul Tomlinson GK1987110110——[L 30]
Nicky Hunt DF2008110110 England U21—[L 31]
Erik Huseklepp FW2012112112 Norway1[L 32]
Jordon Ibe MF2014111111 England U21—[L 33]
Dick Butler HB1936–1938100110——
John Paskin FW1991–1992103113——[L 34]
Chris Sutton FW2006101111 England0
Nigel Quashie MF2008–2009100110
  • 0
  •  
 [L 24][23]
Tony Hey MF199790111——
Jason Lowe MF2017–201890110 England U21—
Marcos Painter DF2005–200650110 Republic of Ireland U21—
George Getgood HB1921100100——
Kenny Kendrick FW1937–1939103103——
Billy Hume U1959–1960102102——
Matt Jackson DF1996100100 England U21—[L 25]
Leroy Lita FW2012103103 England U21—[L 8]
Will Buckley FW2016101101——[L 35]
Krystian Bielik DF2017100100 Poland0[L 15]
Daniel Bruce FW1895–189692102 Scotland0
Harry Haynes HB1895–189690100——
George Johnston FW1969–197091101——
Allan Johnston MF199990100 Scotland0[L 35]
Ernie Sykes FB1937–193980100——
Stuart Storer FW1984–198780100——
Josh McEachran MF2019–202080100 England U21—[45]
Darren Ambrose MF2012–201370101 England U21—
Bill Taylor U1891–189260101——
Alex Jackson FW1958–195966107——
Howard Forinton FW1998–199951101——
Ted Hill FW1885–188900105——
Edgar Bluff FW1907–19089191——
Arthur Johnson FW19279090——
David Jones FW19589090 England youth—
Kevin Rogers MF1983–19849191 Wales youth—[46]
Fred Jones FB1892–18938090 Wales1
Wally Quinton FB1947–19498090——
Peter Warmington FW1954–19568393——
Frank Carrodus MF19828090——
Richie Moran FW1990–19918191——
Grégory Vignal DF2009–20108090 France U21— [47]
Jack Leonard FW1899–19007191——
Sigurd Rushfeldt FW19957091 Norway0 [L 36][48]
Jae Martin MF1995–19967090——
Lee Bradbury FW19997090 England U21— [L 27][18]
Thomas Myhre GK20007090 Norway1 [L 25][49]
Grant Hall DF20147090——[L 17]
Carl Jenkinson DF2017–20187090
  • 0
  •  
 [L 15]
Caolan Boyd-Munce * MF2019–present7090 Northern Ireland U21—[50]
Eddie Newton MF1999–20004090 England U21—[18]
William Figures FW1885–18870092——
Harry Haddon FW18968282——
Joe Smith HB1913–19148080——
Bobby Booth HB1920–19218181——
Ernie Watkins FW1922–19238181——
Harry Bruce FB1925–19278080——
Tommy Capel FW19498282——
Bob Catlin GK19938080 Australia B— [L 29][51]
John Cornforth MF19968080 Wales0
Carlos Costly FW20098080 Honduras2[L 37]
Tyler Blackett DF20148080 England U21—[L 9]
Aaron Martin DF20148080 English Schools— [52]
Riley McGree * MF2020–present8181 Australia U23— [53]
Wayne Mumford DF1982–19847080 Wales youth—[54]
John Deakin MF19897080——
Jason Beckford FW19927282 England youth—[55]
Simon Marsh DF1998–19997080 England U21—[18]
Wilson Palacios MF2007–20087080 Honduras2 [L 38][56]
Jimmy Robertson FW1933–19346182 Scotland0
Nicolai Brock-Madsen FW20156080 Denmark U21—
Odin Bailey * MF2019–present6181 England U16— [57]
Kevin Summerfield FW1982–19835182 England youth—[58]
Cohen Bramall DF2017–20185080——[L 15]
Thomas Hedges GK1883–18860080——
Jerry Hare FB1884–18870080——
Robert Evetts FB1885–18870081——
Wilton Lines FW1889–18907171——
Jack Lee FW18937373——
Josiah Preston FB1909–19107070——
William Carrier FB19107070——
Albert Lindon GK1910–19117070——
Tom Farrage FW1938–19397272——[lower-alpha 1]
Walter Aveyard FW19477373——
Paul Ivey FW1979–19817070——
Mark Smalley DF19867070 England youth— [L 3][59]
Paul Fitzpatrick MF19937070——
Christopher Wreh FW19997171 Liberia0[L 15]
Aaron McLean FW20137070 England C— [L 39][60]
Jimmy Robertson FW19036272——
Paul Gorman MF19846070 Republic of Ireland U21—[15]
Dave Regis FW19946272——
David Preece MF1995–19966070 England B— [L 40][23]
Martin Latka DF20066070 Czech Republic0[L 41]
John James FW1953–19555272——
Ray Barlow MF19605070 England0
John Regan FW1962–19645272——
Danny Hill MF19955070 England U21—[L 17][18]
Scott Allan MF2013–20145072 Scotland U21—[L 42]
Eric Barber FW1966–19674172 Republic of Ireland1
Alan Whitehead DF1971–19734070——
Joey Hutchinson DF2001–20034070——
Mark Duffy MF2014–20154071——
Tommy James HB1881–18840071——
Walter Felton HB1884–18860071——
James Adlington FW1895–18966464——
James Higgins FW18986363——
Ike Webb GK1898–19006060——
Jack Smith FW1906–19076161——
Crosby Henderson FB19106060——
Arthur Stanton FB1914–19156060——
Tom Evans HB1919–19206060——
Eddie Cameron FW1921–19226161——
Fred Hoyland FW19246060——
Jackie Mittell GK1932–19336060——
Fred Shaw FW19346060——
Sam Small FW1934–19376060——
John Hughes FW1947–19486060——
Eddie O'Hara FW1949–19516060——
Sean Francis FW1991–19926060——
Steve Sutton GK19966060——
Curtis Fleming DF20016060 Republic of Ireland0[L 2]
Alan Kelly GK20016060 Republic of Ireland0[L 43]
Teemu Tainio MF2009–20106060 Finland2[L 35]
Tom Thorpe DF20146060 England U21—[L 9][61]
Brek Shea MF20146060 United States0 [L 44]
Kyle Lafferty FW20166161 Northern Ireland2 [L 45][62]
William Owen GK19275060——
Richard Cooke MF19865060 England U21— [L 17][18]
Martin Russell MF19865060 Republic of Ireland U21— [L 9][63]
Lyndon Hooper MF19935060 Canada5
Obafemi Martins FW20114062 Nigeria0[L 46]
Roy Morton MF19743061 England youth—[54]
Walter Ward GK1890–18915050——
Harry Edwards FW18925151——
Charlie Letherbarrow FW1894–18955353——
Bill Edwards FW18965151——
John Hirons FW19035050——
Aaron Jones FW1905–19065050——
Peter Neil FW19215050——
Frank Sharp FW19225050——
Wilf Threlfall FW19275050——
Ken Tewkesbury GK1930–19315050 England amateur—
Reg Keating FW1931–19325151——
Arthur Hubbard FB19345050——
Syd Owen HB19465050 England0
Sid Ottewell FW19475252——
Fred Hall FW1947–19495252——
Fred Slater FW1948–19495151——
Keith Neale FW19575151——
Dennis Isherwood DF1966–19675151——
Trevor Dark MF19795151——
Carl Francis MF19825050——
Billy Garton DF19865050——[L 9]
Marc North FW19875151——[L 47]
David Madden MF19905151——[L 27]
Mark Rutherford MF19905050——
Kevin Drinkell FW19915252——[L 48]
Richard Huxford DF19945050——[L 49]
Tony Cottee FW19975151 England0[L 50]
Jamie Pollock MF20015050 England U21—[L 27][18]
Andy Cole FW20075151 England0[L 32]
Brian Howard MF20145151 England U20—
Jerome Sinclair FW20175050 England U17— [L 7][64]
Alen Halilović * MF2020–present5050 Croatia0[65]
Frederick Wilkes FW18914154——
Bert Powell FW19114151——
Greg Farrell FW1962–19634050——
Dean Williams GK1990–19914050——
Anders Limpar MF19974050 Sweden0
Arkadiusz Bąk MF2001–20024050 Poland1[L 51]
Jack Storer FW2016–20174050——
Bez Lubala FW20184050——
Steve Seddon * DF2019–present4050——[66]
Steve Barnes MF1995–19963050——
Jake Jervis FW2010–20132050——
Mark Prudhoe GK1984–19851050——
Walter Hards FW1881–18830052——
Billy Slater FW1881–18830054——
Arthur James FW1881–18850054——
Leslie Wilcox FW18904242——
Walter Jackson FW1893–18944141——
Walter Gadsby FW18974343——
James Tebbs FW1900–19014141——
Jock Henderson FW19014040——
Arthur Harrison FW1902–19034343——
Fred Chaplin HB19044040——
Bill McCafferty FW1906–19074040——
Arthur Morris FW19074242——
Percy Gooch FW19074141——
John Burton FW1909–19104343——
Tom Pointon FW19144141 England amateur trial—
David Dixon FB1921–19254040——
Ray Crawshaw HB19344040——
Geoffrey Moreland FW19384040——
Dennis Hill FW1954–19554040——
Bud Houghton FW1957–19584141——
Roger Jones GK19824040 England U23—[L 40][67]
Kevin Bremner FW19824141——[L 52]
Ivor Linton U19834040——
Tony Morley FW19844343 England0[L 42]
Micky Burton MF1988–19894040——
Alan O'Neill FW19924040——
James Quinn FW19934040 Northern Ireland0[68]
Ian Hendon DF19954040 England U21— [L 53][18]
Terry Cooke MF19964040 England U21—[L 9][18]
Carlos Ferrari MF20014040——[L 54]
Tom Williams DF20024040 Cyprus0
Jayden Reid * FW2020–present4040——[69]
Arthur Millard FW1891–18923143——
Arthur Littleford FB1893–18943040——
Derek Carr U1949–19503040——
David Foy MF1991–19933040——
Jacques Williams MF20003040 England U18— [70]
Steve Jenkins DF2000–20013040 Wales0[L 12]
Albert Rusnák MF20143040 Slovakia0[L 11]
Lindley Jenkins MF19732040——
Ian Muir FW
  • 1983
  • 1995
2040 England youth— [54]
Simon Black FW19932040——
John Sheridan MF19962040 Republic of Ireland0[L 55]
Craig Fagan FW2002–20031040——
Sam Gessey FB1881–18830040——
Walter Jones FW1882–18830040——
Richard Elliman FB1882–18840040——
Francis Banks GK1889–18903030——
Walter Charsley HB1890–18913030——
Walter Brown FW18913232——
Fred Allen FW18913030——
Joe Fountain FW1895–18963030——
Alfred Gard FW19013030——
Bill Bidmead FB1903–19063030——
George Moore FW19083131——
Wilf Haines FW19083030——
Harry Draper FW19103030——
David Morris FW19113030——
Sid Webb FW19113030——
Harry Bates FW19123030——
Bob Evans GK19133030 Wales0
Peter Neilson FW19133131——
Joby Godfrey FW19193131——
Jack Peart FW19193030——
Archie Roe FW19193030——
Abe Jones FW19203232——
William Mumford FB19203030——
Fred Hawley HB19203030——
Arthur Phoenix FW19233030——
Frederick Castle FW19263030——
Albert Bloxham FW19273131——
Jim Olney HB1936–19373030——
Ernie Richardson FW1936–19373030——
Dave Massart FW1946–19473030——
Jimmy Cochrane FW1953–19543131——
Bill Bradbury FW19553232——
Joe Mullett HB19573030——
Pat Wright DF1959–19623030——
Mike Harrison DF1971–19723030——
Mike O'Grady MF19723030 England0[L 34]
Andy Needham FW19763131——
Bruce Rioch MF19783030 Scotland0[L 40]
Phil Starbuck FW19883030——[L 3]
Leigh Jenkinson FW19933030 Wales B— [L 48][71]
Bryan Small DF19943030 England U21—[L 20][18]
Mick Bodley DF19953030——[L 56]
Richard Edghill DF20003030 England B— [L 11][23]
Gary Charles DF20003030 England0[L 24]
Bjørn Otto Bragstad DF20013030 Norway0[L 40]
Michael Hughes MF20023030 Northern Ireland0[L 57]
Djimi Traoré MF20093030 Mali0[L 32]
James Hurst DF20123030 England U20—[L 42]
Greg Halford DF2015–20163030 England U20— [L 58][72]
Liam Walsh MF20173030 England U18— [L 25][73]
Bill Lewis FW1894–18962132——
Walter Bunch FB1901–19022030——
Thomas Jones FW1904–19052030——
Bill Robertson GK1948–19522030——
Dave Howitt DF19722030——
Steve Smith GK1975–19772030 England youth—
Tim Carter GK19912030 England youth—[L 35][74]
James Dyson DF19992030——
Guy Moussi MF2014–20152030——
Charlee Adams MF2014–20162030 England C— [75]
Geraldo Bajrami * DF2019–present2030 Albania U21—[76]
Jack Southam FB1947–19491030——
Simon Rea DF1995–19961030——
Mathew Birley MF2005–20061030——
Richard Kingson GK20071030 Ghana11 [77]
Jay O'Shea MF20091030 Republic of Ireland U21—
Walter Rotherham FW1881–18820030——
Joseph Taylor FB1882–18830030——
Frederick Barlow FB1886–18870030——
Ernie Watts FW18892020——
Albert Evers HB18912020——
Len Curryer FW18922020——
Percy Watson FB18942020——
Tom Watson GK18952020——
Joe Fall GK1895–18962020——
Alec Wallace FW18972121——
Thomas Fletcher FW1900–19012020——
Charles Harvey FW1905–19072020——
Ezra Holmes FW19072020——
George Travers FW1907–19082020——
Thomas Greer FW19112020——
Arthur Foster FW19132121——
Jack Watson FB19192020——
Alf Wilson FB19192020——
Len Thompson FW1921–19222020——
Vincent White HB19222020——
George Waddell HB19222020——
Harry Deacon FW19222020——
Arthur Samson GK19232020——
Tom Devlin FW1924–19252121——
Alfred Sabin HB19302020——
Harry Lane FW1930–19312020——
Sid Wallington HB19322020——
Len Evans GK19332020 Wales1
Ken Faulkner FW19472020 English Schools— [78]
Doug Pimbley FW19472020——
Tony Blake FB19502020——
John Metcalfe FW1952–19532020——
Terry Twell GK19672020——
Ian Smith FW19752020——
Roy McDonough FW19772121——
Terry Goode MF19812020——
Duncan MacDowall FW19822020——
John Linford FW19842020——[L 59]
Billy Ronson MF19852020——[L 60]
David Howell DF19942020 England C— [79]
Marco Gabbiadini FW19962020 England B— [L 40][23]
Michael Carrick MF20002020 England0[L 24]
Stuart Campbell MF20002020 Scotland U21—[L 50][18]
Salif Diao MF20052020 Senegal0[L 33]
Borja Oubiña MF20072020 Spain0[L 61]
Papa Bouba Diop MF20122121 Senegal0
Dariusz Dudka MF20132020 Poland0
Denny Johnstone FW20142020 Scotland U19—
Rhoys Wiggins DF20162020 Wales U21—[L 62]
Nico Gordon * DF2020–present2020——[80]
Rekeem Harper * MF2021–present2020 England U19—[L 42][81]
James Bye HB19391020——[lower-alpha 1]
Andy Harris U1989–19901020——
John Cheesewright GK19911020——
Paul Jones MF19911020——
Eric Hogan FW1991–19921020——
Trevor Morgan U19931020——
Keith Downing MF19931020——
Paul Sansome GK19961020——[L 56]
Ferdinand Coly DF20031020 Senegal6 [L 63][82]
Luciano Figueroa FW20031020 Argentina0
Ben Gordon DF20121020 England U20—[L 22]
Shane Lowry DF2015–20161020
— [83]
Agus Medina * MF2019–present1020——[84]
Adan George * FW2020–present1020——[85]
Jack Bodenham GK18810020——
Lawrence Summers FB18810020——
Victor Teychenne HB / FW18810020—
James Whitehead FW18810020——
Walter Green FW18820020——
Thomas Morgan HB18820020——
Archie Vale GK18820020——
Harry Clayton FW18830020——
Richard Adams FW18870020——
Walter Dixon FW18870022——
Austin Smith FW18870022——
Sidney King GK19460020——
Trevor Wolstenholme U19620021——
Giovanny Espinoza DF20090020 Ecuador3
Enric Vallès MF20100020——
Andrés Prieto * GK2020–present0020——[86]
Archibald Barton FB18891010——
Edward Clarke FB18901010——
Jack Hughes HB18901010——
Arthur Turner FW18901010——
James Wollaston HB18911010——
Edward Burton FW18911010——
Wilbert Harrison FW18921212——
William Kendrick HB18921010——
Josiah Roberts FB18921010——
Edward Brueton GK18941010——
Ernie Moore FB18941010——
Tilson Pritchard FB18951010——
James Deeley FW18961010——
Lewis Vaughan Lodge FB18961010 England0
John Logan FW18961010——
Harry Williams FB18971010——
Jack Price FW18991010——
Sam Bayley FW18991111——
Samuel Cole FW19001010——
Willie Wragg FB19011010——
Jimmy Murray FW19011111——
Thomas Thompson FW19031010——
Alfred Sellman HB19051010——
Jack Shufflebotham HB19061010——
Arthur Hallworth HB19061010——
Conyers Kirby FW19061010——
John Higgins FW19071010——
Charles Jones FW19091010——
Fred Kerns FW19091010——
Frederick Banks FW19091010——
William McCourty HB19091010——
Billy George GK19111010 England0
Arthur Green FB19111010——
Ian Hastie FW19111010——
Horace Thompson FW19231010——
Jock Morgan HB19241010——
Albert Sykes HB19251010——
Frank Bowden FW19251010——
Ron Stainton FB19271010——
Harry Isherwood FB19271010——
Alf Oakes FW19271010——
Edmund Wood HB19271010——
Joe Birch FB19281010——
Harold Riley FW19291010——
George Smithies FW19311010 England amateur— [87]
Jack Morfitt FW19311010——
Harry Holmes FW19341010——
Fred Jones FW19341010——
Samuel Bellamy FB19371010——
Harry Parr HB19381010——
Ray Devey HB19461010——
Willie Havenga FW19491010——
Hymie Kloner HB19501010 South Africa0 [88]
Barrie Squires FW19541010——
Dennis Harper FW19571010——
Mick Farmer MF19641111——
Geoff Anderson FW19641010——
Len Beel GK19651010——
Malcolm Briggs FW19791010——
Dave Linney MF19821010——
Mark Kendall GK19841010 England youth—[89]
Jim McDonagh GK19841010
  • 0
  •  
 [L 29][90]
Lee Jenkins MF19851010 England youth—[91]
Paul Hart DF19871010——
Neil Sproston FW19871010——
Gary O'Reilly DF19911010
 —[L 27][92]
Dan Sahlin FW19951010 Sweden0 [L 64][93]
Matthew Webb MF19951010——
Fred Barber GK19961010——[94]
John Beresford DF19991010 England B— [L 28][23]
Jimmy Haarhoff MF19991010 Northern Ireland U18— [95]
Carl Tiler DF20011010 England U21—[L 65]
Andy Marriott GK20031010
  • 0
  •  
 [61]
Piotr Świerczewski MF20031010 Poland2[L 66]
Andrew Barrowman FW20041010 Scotland U19— [96]
Jared Wilson DF20081010——
Ulises de la Cruz DF20091010 Ecuador0
Amari'i Bell DF20141010——
Corey O'Keeffe DF20161010 Republic of Ireland U19—
Ryan Burke * DF2020–present1010 Republic of Ireland U16— [97]
Miguel Fernández * FW2020–present1010——[98]
Zach Jeacock * MF2020–present1010 England U19—[99]
Sam Cosgrove * FW2021–present1010——[100]
Yan Valery * DF2021–present1010 France U18—[L 28][101]
Joseph Tatton HB18810010——
Ezekiel Kingston FW18820010——
Edward Bailey FB18820010——
Edward Clarke GK18840010——
Walter Willetts FW18840010——
Bill Jones FB18850010——
James Lovesey FB18860010——
Jack Price HB18860011——
Wilson Stanley FW18860010——
Walter Farley HB18870010——
George Dixon FB18870010——
Fred Pentland FW19020010 England0
Jack Bird HB19050010——
Richie Blackmore GK19730010——
Gary Allen FW19740010——
Ian Brown MF19850010——
Tony Elliott GK19880010 England youth—[102]
Adam Wratten DF19930012——
Rui Esteves MF19950010——[L 67][28]
Ryan Price GK19950010 England semi-pro— [103]
Richard Knight GK19990010——[L 40][28]
Peter Till MF20050010——
Sam Oji DF20060010——
Sone Aluko MF20070010
  • 0
  •  
Robin Shroot MF20090010 Northern Ireland U21—
Dan Preston DF20090010——
Ashley Sammons MF20090010 England U17— [104]
Akwasi Asante FW20110010——
Eddy Gnahoré FW20120010 France U18— [105]
David Lucas GK20120010 England U20—
Reece Hales FW20130010——
Gavin Gunning DF20140010 Republic of Ireland U21—
Dan Scarr DF20180010——
Jack Concannon * MF2020–present0010——[106]

Players with 25 or more appearances
Main articles: List of Birmingham City F.C. players and List of Birmingham City F.C. players (25–99 appearances)

Footnotes
  1. Player statistics exclude three matches played in the aborted 1939–40 Football League season.[39]

Player statistics include games played while on loan from clubs listed below. Unless individually sourced, loaning clubs come from the appearances source or from "Birmingham City: 1946/47–2013/14". Post War English & Scottish Football League A–Z Players Database. Neil Brown. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 12 December 2019.

  1. Barcelona
  2. Middlesbrough
  3. Nottingham Forest
  4. Spartak Moscow
  5. AZ Alkmaar
  6. Olympiacos
  7. Watford
  8. Swansea City
  9. Manchester United
  10. Vancouver Whitecaps
  11. Manchester City
  12. Huddersfield Town
  13. Celtic
  14. Fulham
  15. Arsenal
  16. Lille
  17. Tottenham Hotspur
  18. Cardiff City
  19. Queens Park Rangers
  20. Aston Villa
  21. Al-Sadd
  22. Chelsea
  23. Bradford City
  24. West Ham United
  25. Everton
  26. Wigan Athletic
  27. Crystal Palace
  28. Southampton
  29. Notts County
  30. Sheffield United
  31. Bolton Wanderers
  32. Portsmouth
  33. Liverpool
  34. Wolverhampton Wanderers
  35. Sunderland
  36. Tromsø
  37. GKS Bełchatów
  38. Olimpia
  39. Hull City
  40. Derby County
  41. Slavia Prague
  42. West Bromwich Albion
  43. Blackburn Rovers
  44. Stoke City
  45. Norwich City
  46. Rubin Kazan
  47. Luton Town
  48. Coventry City
  49. Millwall
  50. Leicester City
  51. Polonia Warsaw
  52. Colchester United
  53. Leyton Orient
  54. Mirassol
  55. Sheffield Wednesday
  56. Southend United
  57. Wimbledon
  58. Rotherham United
  59. Ipswich Town
  60. Barnsley
  61. Celta Vigo
  62. AFC Bournemouth
  63. Lens
  64. Hammarby
  65. Charlton Athletic
  66. Marseille
  67. Benfica

References

Sources

  • Matthews, Tony (1995). Birmingham City: A Complete Record. Derby: Breedon Books. ISBN 978-1-85983-010-9.
  • Matthews, Tony (2000). The Encyclopedia of Birmingham City Football Club 1875–2000. Cradley Heath: Britespot. ISBN 978-0-9539288-0-4.
  • Matthews, Tony (2010). Birmingham City: The Complete Record. Derby: Derby Books. ISBN 978-1-85983-853-2.
  • Rollin, Glenda; Rollin, Jack, eds. (2010). Sky Sports Football Yearbook 2010–2011. Headline. ISBN 978-0-7553-6107-6.
  • "Birmingham City". Soccerbase. Centurycomm. Retrieved 2 February 2021.

General

  1. Playing position sourced to Matthews (2010), pp. 120–199 until the 2009–10 season, and thereafter to "Birmingham City". Soccerbase. Centurycomm. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  2. Unless sourced individually, appearances and goals for past players come from Matthews (2010) and the English National Football Archive (ENFA) website.[14] Appearances and goals for current players are sourced individually.
  3. Unless sourced individually, international selection and caps for seasons up to and including 2009–10 can be verified from Matthews (2010), pp. 498–503; more recent content can be verified at the player's worldfootball.net profile, linked from "Birmingham City: Players from A–Z". worldfootball.net. HeimSpiel Medien. Retrieved 6 February 2021.

Specific

  1. Matthews (2010), pp. 466–467.
  2. "Player profiles: Fred Pentland". England Football Online. Chris Goodwin & Glen Isherwood. 21 February 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
  3. "Coaches". Athletic Club. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
  4. "Player profile: Steve Finnan". LFCHistory.net. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
  5. Matthews (1995), p. 66.
  6. "Casualty details". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
  7. Michael Carrick at Soccerbase. Retrieved 15 March 2010.
  8. Aarre, Eivind (30 May 2011). "Rushfeldt breaks Norwegian top-flight goal record". Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). Retrieved 16 March 2012.
  9. "Birmingham's Obafemi Martins ruled out for season". BBC Sport. 29 April 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  10. "The foundation of the FAI". and "FIFA rules on Irish issue". FAI History. Football Association of Ireland. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  11. "Harry Wilcox". Greens on Screen. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
  12. Joyce, p. 226.
  13. "Sampdoria pay penalty as Lazio head for Europe". UEFA. 13 May 2009. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
  14. "Player search". English National Football Archive. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  15. Matthews (1995), p. 91.
  16. "Paul Moulden". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  17. George Friend at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  18. Rollin & Rollin (2010), pp. 971–981.
  19. Mikel San Jose at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  20. "Quincy Owusu-Abeyie". 11v11.com. AFS Enterprises. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
    Saaid, Hamdan (29 January 2009). "International Friendly Matches 2008". RSSSF. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  21. "Will Packwood". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  22. "Roger Willis". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  23. Courtney, Barrie (21 March 2004). "England – International Results B-Team – Details". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  24. Matthews (1995), p. 119.
  25. Jonathan Leko at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  26. "England's Matches: the under 20s". England Football Online. Chris Goodwin and Glen Isherwood. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  27. "Kyle Bartley". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  28. Matthews (2010), pp. 177–199.
  29. Matthews (1995), p. 74.
  30. Fran Villalba at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021}}
    "La Sub-19 no puede con Mali (0–3) en su debut en el Torneo Tri Series de León". SEFutbol (in Spanish). Real Federación Española de Fútbol. 12 August 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  31. "Hameur Bouazza". 11v11.com. AFS Enterprises. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  32. Badcock, Matthew (19 November 2014). "England C overcome Estonia U23s at The Shay". The Football Association. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  33. Adam Clayton at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  34. "Birmingham end Yorke's contract". BBC Sport. 25 April 2002. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
    Yorke, Dwight at National-Football-Teams.com
  35. Matthews (1995), p. 83.
  36. "Ian Richardson". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  37. "Ronnie Morris". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  38. Charlie Lakin at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  39. Matthews (2010), pp. 320–321.
  40. "2 March 1912". Welsh Soccer Archive. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  41. Diakité, Salif (3 November 2016). "Cheick Kéita: Une menace pour Youssouf? Giresse s'explique!" [Cheick Keita: A threat to Youssouf? Giresse explains himself!]. footmali.com (in French). Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  42. Connal Trueman at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  43. Kenny Brown at Soccerbase. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
  44. "Matty Green". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  45. Josh McEachran at Soccerbase Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  46. Matthews (1995), p. 121.
  47. "2004 Under 21 Championship: France 2–0 Malta". UEFA. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  48. "Sigurd Rushfeldt". Norges Fotballforbund. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  49. "Games played by Thomas Myhre in 1999/2000". Soccerbase. Centurycomm. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  50. Caolan Boyd-Munce at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  51. Morrison, Neil (2 February 2005). "International matches 1993 – Other". RSSSF. Retrieved 17 January 2012.
  52. "Aaron Martin". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  53. "R. McGree". Soccerway. Perform Group. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  54. Matthews (1995), p. 112.
  55. Matthews (1995), p. 71.
  56. "Wilson Palacios". 11v11.com. AFS Enterprises. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  57. Odin Bailey at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
    Stonehouse, Gary (20 August 2014). "England U16s slip to narrow defeat by Belgium at SGP". The Football Association. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
  58. Matthews (1995), p. 127.
  59. "Mark Smalley". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  60. "Aaron McLean". Barry Hugman's Footballers.
  61. "England's Matches: the under 21s 2010–20". England Football Online. Chris Goodwin & Glen Isherwood. 15 November 2018. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  62. "Games played by Kyle Lafferty in 2015/2016". Soccerbase. Centurycomm. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  63. Matthews (1995), p. 122.
  64. "Profile: Jerome Sinclair". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  65. Alen Halilovic at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  66. Steve Seddon at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  67. Matthews (1995), p. 102.
  68. "James Quinn". 11v11.com. AFS Enterprises. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  69. Jayden Reid at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  70. "Jacques of all trades". Scarborough F.C. 2 August 2003. Archived from the original on 18 June 2006.
  71. "Leigh Jenkinson". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  72. "England's Matches: the under 20s". England Football Online. Chris Goodwin & Glen Isherwood. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  73. Stonehouse, Gary (17 November 2014). "Sheyi Ojo inspires England U18s to 4–1 win in Poland". The Football Association. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
  74. Matthews (1995), p. 77.
  75. "Transfer: Charlee Adams signs for Barnet FC". Barnet F.C. 28 June 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  76. Geraldo Bajrami at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  77. Mamrud, Roberto (12 March 2015). "Richard Paul Franck Kingson – International Appearances". RSSSF. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  78. "Ken Faulkner". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  79. Matthews (1995), p. 99.
  80. Nico Gordon at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  81. Rekeem Harper at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  82. "Coly, Ferdinand". National Football Teams. Benjamin Strack-Zimmerman. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  83. "All Whites undone by last-gasp Aussies". NZ Football. 24 May 2010. Archived from the original on 23 December 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
  84. Agus at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  85. Adan George at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  86. Andres at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  87. Matthews (1995), p. 125.
  88. Tabeira, Martín (26 April 2007). "South Africa International Matches 1947–1955". RSSSF. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
  89. Matthews (1995), p. 103.
  90. "Jim McDonagh". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  91. Matthews (1995), p. 101.
  92. "Gary O'Reilly". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  93. Bjunér, Andreas (2 December 2004). "Fortsättning: Tidernas 23:e största Bajenprofil" [Continued: Best ever Bajen (Hammarby) players #23] (in Swedish). Hammarby IF. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.
    "Landslagsdatabasen: Dan Sahlin: Landskamper" [National team database: Dan Sahlin: International matchs] (in Swedish). Swedish Football Association. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  94. Fred Barber at Soccerbase. Retrieved 15 March 2010.
  95. "Northern Ireland Under-18/19 Line-Ups (1981–2001)". NIFG. 17 February 2014. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  96. "Andrew Barrowman". 11v11.com. AFS Enterprises. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  97. Ryan Burke at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
    "Ryan Burke". Birmingham City F.C. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  98. Miguel Fernandez at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  99. Zach Jeacock at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  100. Sam Cosgrove at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  101. Yan Valery at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  102. "Tony Elliott". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  103. "Ryan Price". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  104. "Ice cool Donaldson". The FA. 30 July 2007. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014.
  105. "Joueur: Eddy Gnahoré". Fédération Française de Football. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  106. Jack Concannon at Soccerbase Retrieved 6 February 2021.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.