List of active United States Marine Corps aircraft squadrons

This is a list of all of the active squadrons that exist in the United States Marine Corps, sorted by type. Most squadrons have changed names and designations many times over the years, so they are listed by their current designation.

To see Marine Aviation units sorted by command hierarchy, see aviation combat element.

Squadron designations

The basic tactical and administrative unit of United States Marine Corps aviation is the squadron. Fixed-wing aircraft squadrons (heavier than air) and tiltrotor squadrons are denoted by the letter "V", which comes from the Spanish verb "volar" (to fly). Rotary wing (helicopter) squadrons use "H." Marine squadrons are always noted by the second letter "M." Squadron numbering is not linear as some were numbered in ascending order and others took numbers from the wing or the ship to which they were assigned. From 1920 to 1941, Marine flying squadrons were identified by one digit numbers. This changed on July 1, 1941 when all existing squadrons were redesignated to a three-digit system. The first two numbers were supposed to identify the squadrons parent group but with the rapid expansion during World War II and frequent transfer of squadrons this system fell apart.[1]

Rotary-wing aircraft

Marine Helicopter Squadron

The squadron is responsible for the helicopter transportation of the President of the United States, Vice President, Cabinet members and VIPs. In addition to its VIP transport role, it is also tasked with operational test and evaluation (OT&E) of new flight systems for Marine Corps helicopters.[2] The squadron flies the VH-3D Sea King the VH-60N Whitehawk, and the MV-22 Osprey. These were due to be replaced by the VH-71 Kestrel,[3] however that program was cancelled in April 2009.[4] Lastly, HMX-1 provides support to training at The Basic School, providing aerial insertion for various training events, as well as MAGTF Air component orientation to the student officers.

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
HMX-1 Marine One 1 December 1947 Headquarters Marine Corps MCAF Quantico, VA[5]

Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadrons

Heavy helicopter squadrons were first formed in 1966 when the Marine Corps began flying the heavy lift CH-53 Sea Stallion during the Vietnam War.[6] Each squadron is equipped with sixteen CH-53 helicopters. Their primary role is moving cargo and equipment with the secondary role of transferring troops ashore in an amphibious assault. All squadrons have transitioned from the CH-53 Sea Stallion to the larger and more powerful CH-53E Super Stallion.[7] The CH-53Es are the most powerful helicopter in the U.S. military inventory today.[8] Due to a reorganization in Marine aviation, HMH-366 was reactivated in 2008[9] at MCAS Cherry Point.[10] As part of the re-organisation of the corps, HMH-462 will be de-activated by 2030.[11]

CH-53D Sea Stallion
CH-53E Super Stallion
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
HMH-361 Flying Tigers 25 February 1952 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[12]
HMH-366 Hammerheads 30 September 2008 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC
HMH-461 Iron Horse 15 March 1944 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[13]
HMH-462 Heavy Haulers 15 April 1944 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[14]
HMH-463 Pegasus 20 July 1944 MAG-24, 1st MAW MCAS Kaneohe Bay, HI[15]
HMH-464 Condors 5 April 1944 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[16]
HMH-465 Warhorse 1 December 1981 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA
HMH-466 Wolfpack 30 November 1984 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA
HMH-772 Hustler April 15, 1958 MAG-49, 4th MAW McGuire Air Force Base, NJ

Marine Heavy Helicopter Training Squadron

The squadron trains newly designated (i.e., winged) Naval Aviators, conversion pilots, refresher pilots, and enlisted aircrew on the CH-53E Super Stallion.[17]

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
HMHT-302 Phoenix 1 November 1966 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadrons

The Marine Corps’ light attack squadrons are composite squadrons made up of 18 AH-1W SuperCobras or AH-1Z Vipers and 9 UH-1Y Venoms.[18] The primary missions of the Cobra is close air support, forward air control, reconnaissance and armed escort,[19] while the Huey provides airborne command and control, utility support, supporting arms coordination and medical evacuation.[20] The AH-1W is due to be upgraded to the AH-1Z Viper as part of the H-1 upgrade program which will see both the AH-1 and UH-1 get greater power, improved avionics and an 85% commonality of parts.[21][22][23] The transition to the UH-1Y was completed in August 2014 when HMLA-773 flew the UH-1N for the last time.[24] Due to the need for more light attack squadrons, the Marine Corps began adding new squadrons in 2008.[25] HMLA-467 and HMLA-469 are the newest squadrons. However, as a result of force structure reductions, HMLA-467 was deactivated at the end of FY16[10] As part of the re-organisation of the corps, HMLA-469 and HMLA-367 will be de-activated by 2030.[11]

AH-1W Cobra
A UH-1Y of HMLAT-303 at Camp Pendleton, 2008
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
HMLA-167 Warriors 1 April 1968 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[26]
HMLA-169 Vipers 30 September 1971 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA[27]
HMLA-267 Stingers 15 February 1944 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA[28]
HMLA-269 The Gunrunners 22 February 1971 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[29]
HMLA-367 Scarface 1 December 1943 MAG-24, 1st MAW MCAS Kaneohe Bay, HI[30]
HMLA-369 Gunfighters 1 April 1972 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA[31]
HMLA-469 Vengeance 30 June 2009 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA[32]
HMLA-773 Red Dog June 1968 MAG-49, 4th MAW Joint Base McGuire–Dix–Lakehurst, NJ[33]
HMLA-775 Coyote 1 October 2016 MAG-41, 4th MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA[34]

Marine Light Attack Helicopter Training Squadron

The squadron trains newly designated (i.e., winged) Naval Aviators, conversion pilots, refresher pilots, and enlisted aircrew on the UH-1Y Venom, and the AH-1Z Viper.[35]

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
HMLAT-303 Atlas 30 April 1982 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA

Tiltrotor Aircraft

Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadrons

Marine tiltrotor squadrons are new units operating the MV-22 Osprey with their main mission being assault support. The Osprey offers twice the speed, five times the range, and can fly more than twice as high as the helicopters it is replacing.[36] As the Marine Corps’ number one aviation acquisition priority, the Osprey is replacing the aging fleet of CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters and is a cornerstone of the capstone concept of Expeditionary maneuver warfare.[37] As of October 2017, the Marine Corps has 16 Fully Operationally Capable (FOC) MV-22 squadrons. VMM-268, VMM-364, and VMM-164 reached FOC in FY16. The two newest Osprey squadrons, VMM-362 and VMM-212, will stand up in FY18 and FY19 respectively, completing the Marine Corps' transition to 18 active component MV-22 squadrons. Each squadron operates 12 aircraft. As part of the re-organisation of the corps, VMM-264 will be de-activated by 2030.[11]

An MV-22 from VMM-263 refueling at night in Iraq.
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMM-161 Greyhawks 15 January 1951 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[38]
VMM-162 Golden Eagles June 30, 1952 MAG-26, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[39]
VMM-163 Evil Eyes December 1951 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[40]
VMM-164 Knightriders July 1, 1962 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA
VMM-165 White Knights July 1, 1965 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[41]
VMM-166 Sea Elk September 13, 1985 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[42]
VMM-261 Raging Bulls April 5, 1951 MAG-26, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[43]
VMM-262 Flying Tigers September 1951 MAG-36, 1st MAW MCAS Futenma, Japan[44]
VMM-263 Thunder Chickens June 16, 1952 MAG-29, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[45]
VMM-265 Dragons October 1, 1962 MAG-36, 1st MAW MCAS Futenma, Japan[46]
VMM-266 Fighting Griffins April 26, 1983 MAG-26, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[47]
VMM-268 Red Dragons April 26, 1983 MAG-24, 1st MAW MCB Hawaii, HA[48]
VMM-362 Ugly Angels April 30, 1952 MAG-16, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[49]
VMM-363 Red Lions June 2, 1952 MAG-24, 1st MAW MCB Hawaii, HI[50]
VMM-364 Purple Foxes September 1, 1961 MAG-39, 3rd MAW MCAS Camp Pendleton, CA[51]
VMM-365 Blue Knights July 1, 1963 MAG-26, 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC[52]
VMM-764 Moonlight April 15, 1958 MAG-41, 4th MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[53]
VMM-774 Wild Goose 1969 MAG-49, 4th MAW NS Norfolk, VA[54]

Marine Medium Tiltrotor Training Squadron

The squadron provides new and conversion training to Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force pilots and units in the use and maintenance of the Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.[55]

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMMT-204 Raptors May 1, 1972 2nd MAW MCAS New River, NC

Fixed-Wing Aircraft

Marine Attack Squadrons

After World War II, the United States Navy decided to combine all of the functions of the scout bomber, torpedo bomber and bomber torpedo communities into the Attack designation.[56] On July 22, 1946, it released Bulletin No. 46-1543, which authorized the formation of attack squadrons; however, the Marine Corps did not form any until 1952.[1] Today, Marine attack squadrons fly the AV-8B Harrier II[57] and are tasked with providing close air support, air interdiction, surveillance and escort of helicopters. Because the STOVL Harrier can operate from amphibious assault ships, expeditionary airfields and tactical remote landing sites, it provides commanders with more flexibility in providing air support.[58] The Harrier is due to be replaced by the F-35B, the STOVL version of the F-35 Lightning II.[59] This transition began in 2016 when VMA-211 exchanged its Harriers for the F-35B and became VMFA-211.

AV-8B Harrier II taking off
AV-8B Harrier II landing
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMA-214 Black Sheep 1 July 1942 MAG-13, 3rd MAW MCAS Yuma, AZ[60]
VMA-223 Bulldogs 1 May 1942 MAG-14, 2nd MAW MCAS Cherry Point, NC[61]
VMA-231 Ace of Spades 8 February 1919 MAG-14, 2nd MAW MCAS Cherry Point, NC[62]
VMA-542 Tigers 6 March 1944 MAG-14, 2nd MAW MCAS Cherry Point, NC[63]

Marine Attack Training Squadron
TAV-8B

The squadron trains newly designated (i.e., winged) Naval Aviators to fly the AV-8B Harrier II.[64]

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMAT-203 Hawks July 1, 1947 MAG-14, 2nd MAW MCAS Cherry Point, NC

Marine Fighter Attack Squadrons

The Marine Corps' VMFA squadrons fly the single seat F/A-18A++, F/A-18C/C+ Hornet and F-35B Lightning II. Their primary role is to intercept and destroy enemy aircraft and to attack and destroy surface targets in all weather conditions. Each Hornet squadron operates 12 aircraft, each F-35B squadron operates 16 aircraft, and each F-35C squadron will operate 10 aircraft.[65][66] [67]

F/A-18C Hornet


Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameAircraftDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMFA-112 Cowboys F/A-18A++ March 1, 1942 MAG-41, 4th MAW NASJRB Fort Worth, TX[68]
VMFA-115 Silver Eagles F/A-18A++/C+ July 1, 1943 MAG-31, 2nd MAW MCAS Beaufort, SC[69]
VMFA-121 Green Knights F-35B June 24, 1941 MAG-12, 1st MAW MCAS Iwakuni, Japan[70]
VMFA-311
Tomcats
October 15, 2020[71]
VMFA-122 Flying Leathernecks F-35B March 1, 1942 MAG-13, 3rd MAW MCAS Yuma, AZ[72]
VMFA-211 Wake Island Avengers F-35B January 1, 1937 MAG-13, 3rd MAW MCAS Yuma, AZ[73]
VMFA-225 Vikings F-35B January 1, 1943 MAG-13, 3rd MAW MCAS Yuma, AZ[74]
VMFA-232 Red Devils F/A-18C September 1, 1925 MAG-11, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[75]
VMFA-242 Bats F-35B July 1, 1943 MAG-12, 1st MAW MCAS Iwakuni, Japan[76]
VMFA-312 Checkerboard F/A-18C June 1, 1943 MAG-31, 2nd MAW MCAS Beaufort, SC[77]
VMFA-314 Black Knights F-35C October 1, 1943 MAG-11, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[78]
VMFA-323 Death Rattlers F/A-18C August 1, 1943 MAG-11, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[79]

Marine All-Weather Fighter Attack Squadrons

The VMFA(AW) squadrons fly the two seat F/A-18D Hornet. Their primary mission is to attack and destroy surface targets, day or night, under all weather conditions; conduct multi-sensor imagery reconnaissance; provide supporting arms coordination; and intercept and destroy enemy aircraft in all weather conditions. The current F/A-18s saw their first action in Operation Desert Storm after replacing the venerable A-6 Intruder.[65][66]

F/A-18D dropping bombs
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMFA(AW)-224 Bengals May 1, 1942 MAG-31, 2nd MAW MCAS Beaufort, SC[80]
VMFA(AW)-533 Hawks October 1, 1943 MAG-31, 2nd MAW MCAS Beaufort, SC[81]

Marine Fighter Attack Training Squadrons

VMFAT-101 trains newly designated (i.e., winged) Naval Aviators to fly the F/A-18 Hornet while VMFAT-501 trains new and transitioning pilots to fly the F-35B Lightning II.[82][83]

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMFAT-101 Sharpshooters January 3, 1969 MAG-11, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA
VMFAT-501 Warlords February 15, 1944 MAG-31, 2nd MAW MCAS Beaufort, SC
VMFAT-502 Flying Nightmares February 15, 1944 MAG-31, 2nd MAW MCAS Beaufort, SC

Marine Fighter Training Squadron

VMFT-401 is the only aggressor squadron in the Marine Corps. It flies the F-5E Tiger II and provides instruction to active and reserve squadrons through dissimilar adversary combat tactics. The squadron is based at Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, AZ and is assigned to Marine Aircraft Group-41, 4th Marine Aircraft Wing, Marine Forces Reserve.

Marine Aerial Refueler Transport Squadrons

VMGR squadrons operate the KC-130 Hercules tanker/transport. Their primary missions are aerial and rapid ground refuelling, transportation of personnel and cargo to include MEDEVACs and parachute insertions, flying the airborne version of the Direct Air Support Center (DASC) and emergency resupply into unimproved landing zones.[84][85][86]

KC-130J Hercules of VMGR-252
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameAircraftDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMGR-152 Sumos KC-130J 11 March 1942 MAG-12, 1st MAW MCAS Iwakuni, Japan[87]
VMGR-234 Rangers KC-130J 1 May 1942 MAG-41, 4th MAW NASJRB Fort Worth, TX[88]
VMGR-252 Otis KC-130J 1 June 1928 MAG-14, 2nd MAW MCAS Cherry Point, NC[89]
VMGR-352 Raiders KC-130J 1 April 1943 MAG-11, 3rd MAW MCAS Miramar, CA[90]
VMGR-452 Yankees KC-130T 9 September 1988 MAG-49, 4th MAW Stewart ANGB, NY[91]

Marine Transport Squadron

VMR squadrons provide search and rescue support as well as movement of key personnel and critical logistics support around the world. They also provide movement of high priority passengers and cargo during wartime in support of operations and other critical commitments.[92]

UC-35D
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMR-1 Roadrunners January 1943 Marine Aircraft Group 41 Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, TX

Marine Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron

The squadron is a Marine Corps test and development unit. Its mission is to conduct operational testing and evaluation of Marine Corps fixed, tiltrotor, and rotary-wing aircraft. The unit was redesignated to VMX-1 (from VMX-22) on May 13, 2016.[93]

Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameAircraftDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMX-1 Flying Lions UH-1Y
AH-1W/Z
CH-53E/K
MV-22B
F-35B
RQ-21		 August 28, 2003 Operational Test and Evaluation Force MCAS Yuma, AZ

Unmanned Aerial Systems

Marine Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Squadrons

VMUs operate the RQ-21 Blackjack unmanned aerial system (UAS) which provides Marine ground forces with reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition. They also provide artillery spotting and can assist in search and rescue operations. Due to the high operational tempo of the VMU squadrons in recent years, the Marine Corps stood up VMU-3 in 2008 and VMU-4, a reserve unit, was activated in 2010 with the lineage of VMO-4.[25]

RQ-7 Shadow
Squadron NameInsigniaNicknameDate CommissionedSenior CommandStation
VMU-1 Watchdogs 21 January 1987 MAG-13, 3rd MAW MCAS Yuma, AZ[94]
VMU-2 Night Owls June 1984 MAG-14, 2nd MAW MCAS Cherry Point, NC[95]
VMU-3 Phantoms 12 September 2008 MAG-24, 1st MAW MCAS Kaneohe Bay, HI
VMU-4 Evil Eyes 20 December 1943 MAG-41, 4th MAW MCB Camp Pendleton, CA

See also

References
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