List of bodies of water by salinity

This is a list of bodies of water by salinity that is limited to natural bodies of water that have a stable salinity above 0.05%, at or below which water is considered fresh.

Water salinity often varies by location and season, particularly with hypersaline lakes in arid areas, so the salinity figures in the table below should be interpreted as an approximate indicator.

Salinity, g/kg () Name Type Region or countries Refs
433Gaet'ale Pondsalt lakeEthiopia[1][2]
400Lake Retbasalt lakeSenegal
350Lake Vandasalt lakeAntarctica
350GarabogazköllagoonTurkmenistan[3]
348Lake Assalsalt lakeDjibouti[4]
338Don Juan Pondsalt lakeAntarctica[5]
337Dead Seasalt lakeIsrael, Jordan, West Bank[6]
324Lake Tuz (Tuz Gölü)salt lakeTurkey[7]
317Great Salt Lake, North Armsalt lakeGreat Basin, Utah, United States[8]
300Lake Baskunchaksalt lakeAstrakhan Oblast, Russia[9]
85–280Lake Urmiasalt lakeIran[10]
180Little Manitou Lakesalt lakeCanada[11]
142Great Salt Lake, South Armsalt lakeGreat Basin, Utah, United States[8]
120Lake Abertsalt lakeGreat Basin, Oregon, United States[12]
88Mono Lakesalt lakeUnited States[13] (as of 2015)
66Hamelin PoollagoonAustralia[14]
44Salton Seasalt lakeUnited States[15]
38Mediterranean Seamediterranean seaSouthern Europe, Levant, North Africa [16]
36–41Red Seamediterranean seaEgypt, Sudan, Arabian Peninsula, Horn of Africa[17]
30–40Lake Natronsalt lakeTanzania[18]
34–36World OceanoceanWorldwide[19]
35+Lake EyreEndorheic lakeAustralia[20][n 1]
34.06 ± 0.543Lough Hynemarine lakeRepublic of Ireland[21]
28–32Beaufort Seamarginal seaNorth of Alaska and Canada [22]
0.13–31.73Chilika LakelagoonIndia[23]
13–23Black Seamediterranean seaEastern Europe, Turkey[24]
23Lake Vansalt lakeTurkey[25]
12.5Caspian Seasalt lakeEastern Europe/ Western Asia[26]
11.4Sarygamysh Lakesalt lakeTurkmenistan, Uzbekistan[27]
10Baltic Seamarginal seaNorthern Europe[28][n 2]

See also

References

  1. Perez, Eduardo; Chebude, Yonas (April 2017). "Chemical Analysis of Gaet'ale, a Hypersaline Pond in Danakil Depression (Ethiopia): New Record for the Most Saline Water Body on Earth". Aquatic Geochemistry. 23 (2): 109–117. doi:10.1007/s10498-017-9312-z. S2CID 132715553.
  2. "Guinness World Records".
  3. Aladin, Nicolai; Plotnikov, Igor (28 June 2004). Lake Basin Management Initiative - The Caspian Sea (PDF) (Report). p. 6. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  4. Woodward, Susan L. "Saline Lakes". Biomes of the World. Radford, Virginia: Department of Geospatial Science, Radford University. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  5. Hammer, U.T. (1986). Saline Lake Ecosystems of the World. Springer. p. 109. ISBN 9789061935353. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  6. Goetz, P.W. (ed.) The New Encyclopædia Britannica (15th ed.). Vol. 3, p. 937. Chicago, 1986
  7. "Lake Tuz Special Environmental Protection Area (SEPA) - UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Unesco World Heritage Center. 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  8. White, James S.; Null, Sarah E.; Tarboton, David (2004). "More than Meets the Eye: Managing Salinity in Great Salt Lake, Utah" (PDF). LakeLine (Fall 2004): 25–29. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  9. "Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky - Russian Nature Reserve".
  10. "Lake Urmia". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
  11. Little Manitou Lake. The Canadian Encyclopedia.
  12. Solute Balance at Abert and Summer Lakes, South-Central Oregon
  13. Willever, Katherine Lynn (2016). "Biogeochemistry of a Saline, Alkaline, Terminal Lake Ecosystem in Transition; Walker Lake, Nevada". UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones (2817): 15. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  14. Suosaari, Erica; Reid, Pamela; Playford, Phillip; et al. (2016). "New multi-scale perspectives on the stromatolites of Shark Bay, Western Australia". Scientific Reports. 6 (20557): 20557. Bibcode:2016NatSR...620557S. doi:10.1038/srep20557. PMC 4738353. PMID 26838605.
  15. "The Salton Sea". The Salton Sea Authority. October 1997.
  16. "Ocean salinity". Science Learning Hub. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
  17. A. Anati, David (March 1999). "The salinity of hypersaline brines: Concepts and misconceptions". International Journal of Salt Lake Research. 8: 55–70. doi:10.1023/A:1009059827435.
  18. The Biology and Culture of Tilapias: Proceedings of the International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, p.38
  19. "Ocean salinity".
  20. "Floods of Lake Eyre". k26press.
  21. "Nutrient and Ecosystem Dynamics in Ireland's Only Marine Nature Reserve (NEIDIN)" (PDF).
  22. "Beaufort Sea". Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian).
  23. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences - Variation of Water Quality of Chilika Lake, Orissa
  24. Black Sea - Encyclopedia of Ukraine
  25. Yama, Tomonaga (22 March 2017). "Porewater salinity reveals past lake-level changes in Lake Van, the Earth's largest soda lake". Scientific Reports. 7 (7): 313. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7..313T. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00371-w. PMC 5428207. PMID 28331216.
  26. Lake Basin Management Initiative - The Caspian Sea (2004)
  27. Orlovsky, Leah; Matsrafi, Offir; Orlovsky, Nikolai; Kouznetsov, Michael (2014). "Sarykamysh Lake: Collector of Drainage Water – the Past, the Present, and the Future". The Turkmen Lake Altyn Asyr and Water Resources in Turkmenistan. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 28. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. pp. 107–140. doi:10.1007/698_2012_191. ISBN 978-3-642-38606-0.
  28. Long Term Temperature & Salinity Records from the Baltic Sea Transition Zone

Notes

  1. When full, Lake Eyre salinity is the same as oceans; due to a 45cm thick salt layer when dry, it rises as water evaporates.
  2. Some bays have considerably lower salinity.

Bibliography

  • Johanna Laybourn-Parry; Jemma L. Wadham (2014). Antarctic Lakes. Oxford University Press. pp. 92–94. ISBN 978-0-19-967049-9.
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