List of cabinets of Turkey

This is a list of the cabinets of the government of Turkey since 1920 (those numbered I to V are leaders predating the declaration of the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923). This includes the single-party period of the Republic of Turkey (1925–1945) and the subsequent multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey (1945–present).

No. Head of Government Period in office In office as a result of Party
Pre-republic period
I Mustafa Kemal Atatürk May 3, 1920 – January 24, 1921 N/A
II Fevzi Çakmak January 24, 1921 – May 19, 1921
III Fevzi Çakmak May 19, 1921 – July 9, 1922
IV Hüseyin Rauf Orbay July 12, 1922 – August 4, 1923
V Ali Fethi Okyar August 14, 1923 – October 27, 1923 1923 general election
Single party period
01 İsmet İnönü November 1, 1923 – March 6, 1924 Republican system proclaimed N/A
02 İsmet İnönü March 6, 1924 – November 22, 1924 Government restructure after two ministries abolished
03 Ali Fethi Okyar November 22, 1924 – March 3, 1925 Requested by President
04 İsmet İnönü March 3, 1925 – November 1, 1927 Okyar resigned after Sheikh Said rebellion
05 İsmet İnönü November 1, 1927 – September 27, 1930 1927 general election
06 İsmet İnönü September 27, 1930 – May 4, 1931 İnönü renewed cabinet after Liberal Republican Party founded
07 İsmet İnönü May 4, 1931 – March 1, 1935 1931 general election
08 İsmet İnönü March 1, 1935 – October 25, 1937 1935 general election
09 Mahmut Celal Bayar October 25, 1937 – November 11, 1938 Resignation of İnönü due to conflicts with President Atatürk.[1]
10 Mahmut Celal Bayar November 11, 1938 – January 25, 1939 Previous government was dismissed after President’s death.
11 Refik Saydam January 25, 1939 – April 3, 1939 Resignation of Bayar due to conflicts with President İnönü[2]
12 Refik Saydam April 3, 1939 – July 9, 1942 1939 general election
13 Şükrü Saraçoğlu July 9, 1942 – March 9, 1943 Death of Saydam
14 Şükrü Saraçoğlu March 9, 1943 – August 7, 1946 1943 general election
Parliamentary system
15 Mehmet Recep Peker August 7, 1946 – September 10, 1947 1946 general election Republican People's Party
16 Hasan Saka September 10, 1947 – June 10, 1948 Peker resigned after disagreement with Adnan Menderes. Republican People's Party
17 Hasan Saka June 10, 1948 – January 16, 1949 Saka resigned after being criticized against opposition Democrat Party. Republican People's Party
18 Şemsettin Günaltay January 16, 1949 – May 22, 1950 Saka resigned after CHP believed to be losing voters. Republican People's Party
19 Adnan Menderes May 22, 1950 – March 9, 1951 1950 general election, May Democrat Party
20 Adnan Menderes March 9, 1951 – May 17, 1954 Menderes resigned to be able to renew his cabinet. Democrat Party
21 Adnan Menderes May 17, 1954 – December 9, 1955 1954 general election, May Democrat Party
22 Adnan Menderes December 9, 1955 – November 25, 1957 Menderes resigned after a political crisis about press freedom. Democrat Party
23 Adnan Menderes November 25, 1957 – May 27, 1960 1957 general election, October Democrat Party
24 Cemal Gürsel May 30, 1960 – January 5, 1961 1960 Turkish coup d'état none (Commander of the Turkish Army)
25 Cemal Gürsel January 5, 1961 – November 20, 1961 Gürsel resigned to form a new cabinet that would cooperate with the constituent assembly. none (Army General)
26 İsmet İnönü November 20, 1961 – June 25, 1962 1961 general election, October CHP-Justice Party
27 İsmet İnönü June 25, 1962 – December 25, 1963 İnönü resigned after disagreement on an amnesty act for the former DP members. CHP-YTP-CKMP
28 İsmet İnönü December 25, 1963 – February 20, 1965 Coalition ended after YTP and CKMP lost votes in 1963 local elections. CHP-Independents
29 Suad Hayri Ürgüplü February 20, 1965 – October 27, 1965 Caretaker government until elections Indep.-AP-YTP-CKMP-MP2
30 Süleyman Demirel October 27, 1965 – November 3, 1969 1965 general election, October Justice Party
31 Süleyman Demirel November 3, 1969 – March 6, 1970 1969 general election, October Justice Party
32 Süleyman Demirel March 6, 1970 – March 26, 1971 Demirel lost vote of no confidence in TBMM. Justice Party
33 Nihat Erim March 26, 1971 – December 11, 1971 1971 Turkish coup d'état Indep.-AP-CHP-MGP
34 Nihat Erim December 11, 1971 – May 22, 1972 Military re-appointment after government collapsed Indep.-AP-CHP-MGP
35 Ferit Melen May 22, 1972 – April 15, 1973 Resignation of Nihat Erim MGP-AP-CHP
36 Mehmet Naim Talu April 15, 1973 – January 26, 1974 Fahri Korutürk elected as President Indep.-AP-CGP
37 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit January 26, 1974 – November 17, 1974 1973 general election, October CHP-MSP
38 Sadi Irmak November 17, 1974 – March 31, 1975 CHP and MSP drifted away Indep.-CGP
39 Süleyman Demirel March 31, 1975 – June 21, 1977 Previous government formed without a vote of confidence AP-MSP-CGP-MHP
40 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit June 21, 1977 – July 21, 1977 1977 general election, June CHP minority government
41 Süleyman Demirel July 21, 1977 – January 5, 1978 1977 general election, June[notes 1] AP-MSP-MHP
42 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit January 5, 1978 – November 12, 1979 Government overthrown by interpellation CHP-Indep.
43 Süleyman Demirel November 12, 1979 – September 12, 1980 Ecevit resigned after his party lost 1979 Senate elections AP
44 Bülent Ulusu September 21, 1980 – December 13, 1983 1980 Turkish coup d'état, September none (ex-Commander of the Navy)
45 Turgut Özal December 13, 1983 – December 21, 1987 1983 general election, November Motherland Party
46 Turgut Özal December 21, 1987 – November 9, 1989 1987 general election, October Motherland Party
47 Yıldırım Akbulut November 9, 1989 – June 23, 1991 1989 presidential election, won by Turgut Özal Motherland Party
48 Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz June 23, 1991 – November 20, 1991 Gaining ANAP leadership at 1991 party congress Motherland Party
49 Süleyman Demirel November 20, 1991 – June 25, 1993 1991 general election, October DYP-SHP
50 Tansu Çiller June 25, 1993 – October 5, 1995 1993 presidential election, won by Süleyman Demirel DYP-CHP/SHP
51 Tansu Çiller October 5, 1995 – October 30, 1995 CHP withdrawal from coalition DYP minority government
52 Tansu Çiller October 30, 1995 – March 6, 1996 Caretaker government[notes 2] DYP-CHP
53 Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz March 6, 1996 – June 28, 1996 1995 general election, December ANAP-DYP
54 Necmettin Erbakan June 28, 1996 – June 30, 1997 Presidential intervention[notes 3] Welfare Party-DYP
55 Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz June 30, 1997 – January 11, 1999 Presidential intervention[notes 4] ANAP-DSP-DTP
56 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit January 11, 1999 – May 28, 1999 Caretaker government until scheduled elections DSP minority government
57 Mustafa Bülent Ecevit May 28, 1999 – November 18, 2002 1999 general election, April DSP, ANAP, MHP
58 Abdullah Gül November 18, 2002 – March 11, 2003 2002 general election Justice and Development Party
59 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan March 14, 2003 – August 29, 2007 Abdullah Gül's resignation as PM Justice and Development Party
60 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan August 29, 2007 – July 14, 2011 2007 general election Justice and Development Party
61 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan July 14, 2011 – August 28, 2014 2011 general election Justice and Development Party
62 Ahmet Davutoğlu August 29, 2014 – August 29, 2015 2014 presidential election, won by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Justice and Development Party
63 Ahmet Davutoğlu August 29, 2015 – November 24, 2015 June 2015 general election AKP, MHP,[notes 5] HDP,[notes 6] Indep. interim election government
64 Ahmet Davutoğlu November 24, 2015 – May 24, 2016 November 2015 general election Justice and Development Party
65 Binali Yıldırım May 24, 2016 - July 9, 2018 Ahmet Davutoğlu's resignation as PM Justice and Development Party
Presidential system
66 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan July 10, 2018 – present 2018 presidential election Justice and Development Party

Statistics

Including the single party period, shortest government in Turkey's history was DYP minority government led by Tansu Çiller, which only lasted 25 days. Longest government in duty was first cabinet of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, which lasted 1629 days. Longest coalition was DSP, ANAP and MHP coalition led by Bülent Ecevit, which lasted 1270 days.

Excluding single party period, only 3 governments span into full-extend of their time (came with an election, ended with regular time): first Demirel government, first Özal government and second Erdoğan government.

Notes
  1. CHP was the largest party but was unable to form a coalition and soon lost a vote of confidence
  2. Caretaking during prolonged coalition negotiations after 1995 general election, December
  3. Censure motion of Welfare Party (largest party), leading to President Süleyman Demirel asking Welfare Party to form a government
  4. The Welfare Party resigned from government following the February 1997 military memorandum. DYP and others expected to form a government under Tansu Çiller, but President Süleyman Demirel asked ANAP leader Mesut Yılmaz to form the new government.
  5. Disputed, upon his decision to take part in interim government, MHP member Tuğrul Türkeş suspended from MHP 4 days after his ministry begun.
  6. HDP ministers resigned from Cabinet 25 days later.

See also
  1. "Atatürk'le arası neden bozuldu?". www.haberturk.com (in Turkish). Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  2. "Celal Bayar başbakanlıktan niçin ayrılmıştı? - Yazarlar - Cemil KOÇAK | STAR". Star.com.tr. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
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