List of internal boundary disputes in the Philippines
The following is a list of territorial disputes between two or more local government units over an area in the Philippines. Section 118 of the Local Government Code of the Philippines provides mechanism to resolve boundary disputes among barangays, municipalities, cities, and provinces.[1]
Unresolved disputes
| Territory | Claimant | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Bagac–Mariveles boundary | Bagac Mariveles | The boundary of two Bataan towns, Bagac and Mariveles has been subject of a boundary dispute involving a 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi) plot of land. The land is situated between barangay Biaan of Mariveles and barangay Quinawan of Bagac. The private owner of the land reportedly pays taxes to the Mariveles local government.[2] |
| Bangui–Vintar boundary | Bangui Vintar | The boundary between the two towns involves land covering an area of 10.4996 km2 (4.0539 sq mi). In 1995, a memorandum of agreement was signed between the two towns resolving the boundary dispute in favor of Bangui. However Vintar officials later said there were "discrepancies" during the signing of the agreement.[3] |
| Benguet–Ilocos Sur boundary | Benguet Ilocos Sur | The provincial borders between the towns of Mankayan in Benguet and Cervantes in Ilocos Sur are disputed which involves 1.47 km2 (0.57 sq mi) of overlapping land. The boundaries of Sugpon, Ilocos Sur and the Benguet towns of Bakun and Kibungan are also contested.[4] |
| Bucarot | Adams, Ilocos Norte Calanasan, Apayao | The sitio is currently administered by Adams, Ilocos Norte but is claimed by the neighboring town of Calanasan of Apayao. Calanasan has appointed its own set of officials for the sitio and has also funded infrastructure in the contested area.[5][6] |
| Calumpang | Mabalacat, Pampanga Bamban, Tarlac | Barangay Calumpang in the Sacobia area is contested by the two towns. Voter residents of the area are registered in Mabalacat and pays taxes to the town. Bamban claims Calumpang as a sitio of its San Vicente barangay and that Calumpang falls on the Tarlac side of the Sacobia River.[7] |
| Cotabato City | Bangsamoro Cotabato City (claims not to be part of Bangsamoro) | Cotabato City Mayor Cynthia Guiani-Sayadi has opposed the inclusion of Cotabato City (formerly part of the Soccsksargen region) in the Bangsamoro after most of its residents favored to ratify the Bangsamoro Organic Law in the 2019 plebiscite which created the autonomous region. Guiani-Sayadi filed an electoral protest seeking to nullify the results claiming that residents who opposed the law were prevented to vote due to threats and intimidation from supporters and attempted to delay the turnover of the city to the Bangsamoro regional government[8] |
| Elizabeth, Ferdinand, and portions of Cacafean | Marcos Nueva Era | The barangays of Ferdinand, Elizabeth,and parts of Cacafean are contested by the two Ilocos Norte towns. In 2017, Nueva Era laid claim to the disputed areas before the Sangguniang Panlalawigan of Ilocos Norte which later ruled that the barangays are part of Nueva Era. This decision was supported by the Supreme Court. However the ruling of the decision is yet to be implemented as of February 2018.[9] |
| Fort Bonifacio area | Taguig Makati Pateros | Includes the Bonifacio Global City and Makati's Cembo barangays and is recognized by Philippine courts as part of Taguig. Makati lays claim in the area as well as Pateros which also claims territory in Makati which it considers as part of its historical borders. |
| Liwagao Island | Caluya, Antique Bulalacao, Oriental Mindoro | Oriental Mindoro claims that Liwagao is part of Bulalacao as per Presidential Decree No. 1801 of then-President Ferdinand Marcos and the town has only "borrowed" Liwagao to the municipality of Caluya which was pursuing fugitives hiding in the island. |
| Saguitlang | Sison, Pangasinan Tuba, Benguet | The sitio of Saguitlang spans an area of 15.6 km2 (6.0 sq mi)[10] |
Past disputes
| Territory | Claimant | Dispute started | Dispute settled | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boston–Lingig boundary | Boston, Davao Oriental Lingig, Surigao del Sur | 1992 | 2020 | Davao Oriental and Surigao del Sur settled a boundary dispute between their two towns; Boston (Davao Oriental) and Lingig (Surigao del Sur). The dispute was resolved through a common ordinance passed by the two provincial governments which delineate the boundaries between the two towns ceding territory in favor of Boston excluding existing build-up areas under Barangay Rajah Cabungsuan of Lingig, Surigao del Sur. 26 km2 (10 sq mi) out of the 60 km2 (23 sq mi) disputed territory is determined to be under Davao Oriental.[11][12] |
| Bagu–Cabiten boundary | Bagu, Bakun Cabiten, Mankayan | – | 2015 | Border dispute between the barangays of Bagu of Bakun town and Cabiten of Mankayan town. Both of the towns are part of Benguet province. Efforts to resolve the dispute date as early as 1999 during the tenures of Bakun Mayor Tico Dalmones of Bakun and Mankayan Mayor Manalo Galuten.[13] Five corners were identified in as demarcating points of the barangay borders. The dispute was resolved in 2015.[14] |
| Cabagsac–Pinpin boundary | Cabagsac Pinpin | – | 1700s | Two towns in Pampanga province had a land dispute which was settled in court in favor of Cabagsac. Cabagsac was renamed as San Luis after the wife of the lawyer which represented the town in the land dispute. Pinpin is now known as Santa Ana.[7] |
| Sudipen–Tagudin boundary | Sudipen, La Union Tagudin, Ilocos Sur | – | 2015 | A century-old boundary dispute between the towns of Sudipen, La Union and Tagudin, Ilocos Sur was resolved in 2015. The towns agreed on a boundary established along the Amburayan River.[15] |
| Bicutan Market and Interchange (Parañaque–Taguig boundary) | San Martin de Porres, Parañaque Central Bicutan, Taguig | 2001 | 2001? | The area has been under the de facto administration of Parañaque since the dialogue.[16] |
References
- Sison, Jose (August 19, 2003). "Boundary disputes". The Philippine Star. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- "Bataan wants to settle LGUs' decades-old land dispute". Philippine News Agency. February 29, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- Adriano, Leilanie (December 1, 2017). "2 Ilocos Norte towns told to settle boundary dispute amicably". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- Catajan, Maria Elena (October 16, 2017). "Hearing to resolve Benguet–Ilocos boundary dispute set". Sun Star Baguio. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- "Ilocos Norte board files complaint vs Apayao mayor over territorial dispute". Businessweek Mirror. April 9, 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- Adriano, Leilanie (January 19, 2018). "A tale of two provinces: Who owns Bucarot?". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- Tantingco, Robby (January 13, 2014). "Tantinggo: Calumpang and other border disputes". Sunstar. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
- Arguillas, Carolyn (February 17, 2020). "Cotabato City seeks exclusion from BARMM until June 30, 2022". MindaNews. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
- Adriano, Leilanie (February 16, 2018). "Town execs want immediate implementation of boundary case decision". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- Micua, Leonardo (October 23, 2017). "Pangasinan-Benguet dispute over sitio heats up". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- "Surigao, Davao provinces settle boundary dispute". BusinessWorld. February 9, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- Francisco, Carmelito (February 7, 2020). "DavOr, Surigao Sur finally settle decades-old boundary dispute". Mindanao Times. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- "Barangays settle boundary dispute". Sun Star Baguio. July 6, 2015. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- Catajan, Maria Elena (July 22, 2015). "PB commends Bakun-Mankayan villages". Sun Star Baguio. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- Elias, Jun (November 7, 2015). "Ilocos Sur, La Union settle boundary dispute". The Philippine Star. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
- Aravilla, J. (November 12, 2001). "Parañaque, Taguig to meet on Bicutan market jurisdiction". The Philippine Star. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
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