List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans

This is a list of the biological mothers of Ottoman sultans. There were thirty-six sultans of the Ottoman Empire in twenty-one generations. (During early days the title Bey was used instead of Sultan) Throughout the six-century history the sultans were the members of the same house, namely the House of Ottoman (Turkish: Osmanlı Hanedanı).

Mothers of the Ottoman Sultans

This list is distinct from the list of Valide Sultans of the Ottoman Empire. Valide Sultan was the title of the mother of the reigning sultan. The mothers who died before their sons' accession to throne, never assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Hürrem, Muazzez, Mihrişah,[1][2] and Şermi.[3] On the other hand, step mothers who were not the biological mothers but raised the princes whose mothers had died assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Perestu. So there were Valide Sultans who were not the mothers, and there were mothers who were not the Valide Sultans. Halime Hatun or Sultan was the mother of Osman I the founder of the Ottoman Empire.

The detailed list of the mothers
Name Titles Maiden Name Origin Death Son(s)[4]
Malhun Mala Turk. Born in Anatolia.
Daughter of Sheikh Edebali or Ömer Bey, Anatolian Turkish Bey or
Ömer Abdülaziz Bey, Seljuk Vizier of Anatolia		 21 November 1323 Orhan
Nilüfer Valide Hātûn
(1362 – 1383)		 Holofira Byzantine Greek. Born in Bilecik 1383 Murad I
Gülçiçek Bayezid I
Devlet Valide Hātûn
(5 July 1413-1414)		 Sultan Oghuz Turkic of the Germiyan tribe.
Born in Kütahya. Daughter of Süleyman Şah Çelebi		 January 1414 Mehmed I
Emine Valide Hātûn
(1421 – 1449)		 Emine Oghuz Turkic. Born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir 1449 Murad II
Hüma Valide Hātûn
(1444 – 1446)		 Hatice Âlime Undetermined (Serb or Italian) September 1449 Mehmed II
Gülbahar Valide Hātûn
(1481 – 1492)		 Albanian. Born in Albania, c. 1492 Bayezid II
Gülbahar Ayşe Oghuz Turkic. Born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir 19 November 1505 Selim I
Hafsa Valide Sultân
(1520 – 19 Mar 1534)		 Ayşe [5] 19 March 1534 Suleiman I
Hürrem Haseki Sultân
(1533 – 15 Apr 1558)		 Aleksandra or Anastazja Lisowska Ruthenian. Born in Russia or in the Kingdom of Poland.
Daughter of Havyrlo Lisowski,
Orthodox Christian priest[6]		 15 April 1558 Selim II
Nurbanu Haseki Sultân
(7 Sep 1566 – 15 Dec 1574)
Valide Sultân
(15 Dec 1574 – 7 Dec 1583)		 Cecilia Venier-Baffo[7] or Rachel[8] Undetermined (born in Páros, Republic of Venice or Jew) 7 December 1583 Murad III
Safiye Haseki Sultân
(7 Dec 1583 – 15 Jan 1595)
Valide Sultân
(15 Jan 1595 – 22 Dec 1603)		 unknown Albanian[9] c. 1619 Mehmed III
Handan Valide Sultân
(22 Dec 1603 – 26 Nov 1605)		 unknown unknown[10] 26 November 1605 Ahmed I
Halime Valide Sultân
(22 Nov 1617 – 26 Feb 1618) and
(19 May 1622 – 10 Sep 1623)		 unknown Abkhaz[11]
1623 Mustafa I
Mahfiruz unknown[12] 26 October 1620 Osman II
Kösem (Mahpeyker) Haseki Sultân
(26 Nov 1605 – 22 Nov 1617)
Valide Sultân
(10 Sep 1623 – 3 Sep 1651)
Naib-i-Sultanat
(10 Sep 1623 – 1632) and
(8 Aug 1648 – 3 Sep 1651)		 Anastasia (?) Greek. Born on Tinos, Republic of Venice 2 September 1651 Murad IV
Ibrahim I
Turhan Haseki Sultân
(2 Jan 1642 – 12 Aug 1648)
Valide Sultân
(3 Sep 1651 – 4 Aug 1683)
Naib-i-Sultanat
(3 Sep 1651 – 1656)		 unknown Russian 4 August 1683 Mehmed IV
Aşub Haseki Sultân
(until 12 Aug 1648)
Valide Sultân
(8 Nov 1687 – 4 Dec 1689)		 unknown unknown[10] 3 January 1690 Süleyman II
Muazzez Haseki Sultân
(until 12 Aug 1648)		 unknown unknown[10] / Polish Jew.
Born in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth		 1687 Ahmed II
Gülnuş Haseki Sultân
(4 Aug 1683 – 8 Nov 1687)
Valide Sultân
(6 Feb 1695 - 6 Nov 1715)		 Evmania Voria Cretan Greek.[10] Born in Rethymno, Republic of Venice 6 November 1715 Mustafa II
Ahmed III
Saliha Valide Sultân
(20 Sep 1730 – 21 Sep 1739)		 unknown[10] 21 September 1739 Mahmud I
Şehsuvar Valide Sultân
(13 Dec 1754 – 16 Apr 1756)		 unknown Russian[10] 27 April 1756 Osman III
Mihrişah[13] İkinci Kadın unknown unknown[10] / French 1732 Mustafa III
Şermi[3] unknown[10] / French 1732 Abdul Hamid I
Mihrişah İkinci Kadın
(1761 – 21 Jul 1764)
Baş Kadın
(21 Jul 1764 – 21 Jan 1774)
Valide Sultân
(7 Apr 1789 – 16 Oct 1805)		 Georgian[14] 16 October 1805 Selim III
Sineperver Valide Sultân
(29 May 1807 – 28 July 1808)		 Bulgarian 11 December 1828 Mustafa IV
Bezmiâlem Üçüncü Kadın
(1822 – 1832)
İkinci Kadın
(1832 – 1 Jul 1839)
Valide Sultân
(2 Jul 1839 – 2 May 1853)		 Georgian[10] 2 May 1853 Abdulmejid
Pertevniyal Valide Sultân
(25 Jun 1861 – 30 May 1876)		 Hasna Romanian[15] 5 February 1883 Abdülaziz
Şevkefza Üçüncü Kadın
(1 Aug 1839 – 1849)
İkinci Kadın
(1849 – 25 Jun 1861)
Valide Sultân
(30 May 1876 – 31 Aug 1876)		 Vilma/Zaurum Circassian,[16][17] of the [[Ubykh]s|Ubykh] tribe. 17 September 1889 Murad V
Tirimüjgan[18][19] Dördüncü Kadın
(1841 – 1849)
Üçüncü Kadın
(1849 – 3 Oct 1852)		 Circassian, of the Shapsug tribe 3 October 1852 Abdul Hamid II
Gülcemal Dördüncü Kadın Sofia[20][21] or Hatice Bosnian (Christian). Born in Bosnia Eyalet[22] 15 December 1851 Mehmed V
Gülüstü Dördüncü Kadın
(1860 – May 1861)		 Fatma Chachba Abkhazian, of the Shervashidze or Chachba dynasty.
Born in Sukhumi, Principality of Abkhazia[23][24]		 c. 1865 Mehmed VI

See also

References
  1. Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 355.
  2. "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  3. Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 363.
  4. The sources don't agree on the names of the biological mothers of Mustafa I and Mahmut II
  5. Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Publications. p. 148. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6. (Her name is given as "Hafsa bint-i Abdü'l-Muin" in Kitâbeler by İ. H. Uzunçarşılı. This shows that she was of non-Turkish origin, and later converted to Islam. The assertions that she was daughter of Meñli I Giray of the Crimean Khanate was never proven even though one of the wives of Selim I, namely Ayşe Hâtun, was the real daughter of Meñli I Giray.)
  6. Yermolenko, Galina I (2013). Roxolana in European Literature, History and Culture. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 275. ISBN 978-1-409-47611-5.
  7. Goodwin, Godfrey (2001). The Private World of Ottoman Women. Saqi Book. p. 128. ISBN 0-86356-745-2.
  8. Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil, Cultures in Colors, page 68. ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001
  9. Peirce 1993, p. 94.
  10. A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
  11. "Mother Of Mustafa I". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation). Archived from the original on 2007-10-13.
  12. Tezcan, Baki (2007). "The Debut of Kösem Sultan's Political Career". Turcica. Éditions Klincksieck. 39–40: 350. p.350
  13. Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. p. 303. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
  14. E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1987. pp. 1117–. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
  15. Alpgüvenç, Can (2013). "Pertevniyal Valide Sultan". Hayırda Yarışan Hanım Sultanlar (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Kaynak Kültür Yayınları. Retrieved 24 Apr 2016.
  16. Açba, Harun (2007). "Bölüm 2: Sultan I. Abdülhamid Han Ailesi". Kadınefendiler: Son Dönem Osmanlı Padişah Eşleri (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Prolil Yayıncılık. p. 28.
  17. Turkish Historical Society XXXI. Türk Tarih Kurumu Osmanlı Tarihi Interaktif CD-ROM
  18. "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  19. Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 505.
  20. "Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  21. Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 519.
  22. Harun Açba (2007). Kadın efendiler: 1839-1924. Profil. p. ?. ISBN 978-975-996-109-1.
  23. "Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  24. Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 535.

Sources
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